2012年職稱英語重點語法復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo):狀語從句

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狀語從句
    所謂狀語從句,是指用來說明主句行為(或狀態(tài))發(fā)生的時間、原因、條件、地點、目的、結(jié)果及方式等。
    1) 時間狀語從句:記住以下連接詞的意思和重點:
    (1)when / while / as (當…時侯)
    注意:while除了做時間狀語的連接詞外,還解釋為"雖然…","而…".
    例如:He is very diligent, while she is very lazy. (他很勤奮,而她卻很懶。)
    (2)before (after) 在…之前(后)
    (3)until / not until(直到)注意:not until放在句首時,往往要求倒裝(詳見"第七講")
    (4)as soon as / once (一…就…)
    (5)immediately / instantly / directly 原本是副詞,這里作連接詞,表示"一…就…",
    例如: I knew I had made a mistake directly (或用immediately / as soon as) I had done it. (剛做完這件事,我就知道我做錯了。)
    (6)the moment / each time / every time / next time / the first time / the instant / the year原本是名詞或副詞,這里作連接詞用。
    (7)hardly (scarcely)…when… / no sooner…than…"一…就…"
    注意:這是時間狀語考試的重點句型,一是不要把兩個句型中的when和than的搭配搞錯了,二是要用倒裝語序(詳見"第七講")。
    例如:
    Hardly had I sat down when the telephone rang. (我剛坐下,電話鈴就響了。)
    重點:在時間(和條件)狀語中,用一般時代替將來時。
    例如:
    We'll start as soon as the leader ______. (領(lǐng)導(dǎo)一來就開始。)
    A.comes B.is comingC.will come D.came
    根據(jù)英語"時態(tài)一致性"原則,主句與從句的時態(tài)應(yīng)一致,答案似乎應(yīng)該是B或C,但是正確答案是A,因為在時間狀語中,用一般時代替將來時。將上句改為過去時,道理也一樣:
    He said (that) we would start as soon as the leader _____.
    A.came B.was coming C.would come D.comes
    答案應(yīng)為A