職稱英語語法輔導:倒裝、省略、強調、語序(3)

字號:


    要正確翻譯這個句子并不是件容易的事,但并不影響解題:
    首先,這是個“not”開頭的句子,需要倒裝;
    第二,在A、A、C、D四個答案中,B是不倒裝的,肯定不對;
    第三,盡管A、C、D都是倒裝形式,但由于是“not since”,要用現(xiàn)在完成時,故正確答案是C.
    從以上例子可以看出,就語法考試而言,牢記基本規(guī)則,把握正確解題思路有時比多認識幾個英語單詞更重要。
    其他需注意的倒裝現(xiàn)象:
    4) here, there, back, down, off, in, up等表示地點狀語的詞開頭的句子,例如:
    Here comes a taxi! (來了輛出租車?。?BR>    There goes the last bus?。┌喙财囬_走了?。?BR>    Down came the rain.(下雨了。)
    但是:主語是代詞時不倒裝,例如:
    Here it comes. (它來了。)
    There she goes.(她走了。)
    5) 主語 + live, stand, lie, sit 等動詞 + (介詞)地點狀語 的結構中常采用倒裝語序,例如:
    正常語序:An old temple stands at the top of the hill.
    倒裝語序:At the top of the hill stands an old temple. (山頂上有座古廟。)
    同樣,如果主語是代詞,也不能倒裝,例如:
    (The old temple was built 800 hundred years ago. ) It stands at the top of the hill.
    6) although 讓步從句用as或 though代替時,例如:
    正常語序:Although he is young, he is quite expert in computer technology.
    倒裝語序:Young as he is, he is quite expert in computer technology.
    (盡管他很年輕,但是他對計算機技術相當專業(yè)。)
    4)、5)、6)類倒裝只是簡單的語序調整。
    2. 省略:
    1)省略是為了避免重復,保持語言簡潔的一種語法手段。尤其是在口語中,省略是個普遍現(xiàn)象,例如:
    I have heard of the news. So have I.
    He didn‘t go to the concert yesterday. Neither did I.
    想一下,為什么以上句子的應答部分要采用“倒裝”形式?(見上一節(jié)“倒裝”)
    此外,此類省略形式的要注意的一個問題是:前后時態(tài)要一致。
    2)就職稱考試而言,大家要特別注意由when, while, whether, if, unless, although等引出的狀語從句中的省略現(xiàn)象,比較:
    不省略:The young boy was badly injured by a motorcycle when he was crossing the street.
    省略:The young boy was badly injured by a motorcycle when crossing the street.
    (那個小男孩在穿越馬路時被一輛摩托車嚴重撞傷。)