正確使用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號
1．逗號
請遵循以下4大規(guī)則：
1.用逗號分開系列成分。如果有2個(gè)以上相同成分，則應(yīng)用逗號分開；例如：
My recipe for buttermilk biscuits contains flour, soda and buttermilk.
2. 使用逗號來分開插入從句和短語；例如：
Gordon, who is a writer by profession, bakes an excellent cheesecake.
3.在引導(dǎo)性分詞或介詞短語后使用逗號；例如：
After the banquet, Harold and Martha went dancing.
4.利用逗號來分開連詞連接的獨(dú)立從句。例如：
Susan’s old car has been belching blue smoke from the tailpipe for two weeks, but it has not broken down yet.
2．分號
請遵循以下2大規(guī)則：
1.使用分號而不是并列連詞來連接兩個(gè)含義緊密的獨(dú)立從句；例如：
Whooping cranes are an endangered species; they are unlikely to survive if we continue to pollute.
2. therefore、nevertheless和moreover等詞連接的獨(dú)立從句可用分號隔開。(sat)例如：
The staff meeting has been postponed until next Thursday; therefore, I will be unable to get approval for my project until then.
3．冒號
請遵循以下3大規(guī)則：
1.在正式的寫作中，冒號的作用僅在于表明其后是對前面所述內(nèi)容的詳細(xì)說明、定義、解釋或過去發(fā)生事情的概述。冒號之前一般是獨(dú)立從句，并且通常情況下有as follows、the following、namely或like等提示短語。例如：
正確：Your instructions are as follows: read the passage carefully, answer the questions on the last page, and turn over your answer sheet.
2.動(dòng)詞和直接賓語間不要放冒號。例如：
錯(cuò)誤：I want: a slice of pizza and a small green salad.
正確：This is what I want: A slice of pizza and a small green salad.
3.如果前后兩句話有如上所述的緊密關(guān)系，即使沒有上述表示這層關(guān)系的短語，也可使用冒號，并且在這種情況下，句號也可用。例如：
正確：We were aghast: The “charming country inn” that had been advertised in such glowing terms proved to be a leaking cabin full of mosquitoes.
4．連字符號和破折號
請遵循以下7大規(guī)則：
1.行末單詞分開時(shí)使用連字符號。例如：
正確：In this incredible canvas, the artist used only monochromatic elements.
2.表示21-99這些數(shù)字和用作形容詞的分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)，使用連字符號。
錯(cuò)誤：A two thirds vote was necessary to carry the measure.
正確：A two-thirds vote was necessary to carry the measure.
3.由前綴ex、all、self、semi或后綴elect構(gòu)成的詞語，前綴或后綴和主體之間應(yīng)有連字符號。
錯(cuò)誤：The president elect was invited to chair the meeting.
正確：The president-elect was invited to chair the meeting.
4.如果把復(fù)合形容詞放在所修飾詞語的前面，則該形容詞各部分應(yīng)由連字符號分開。
正確：The no-holds-barred argument continued into the night.
5.專有名詞或形容詞前添加前綴，兩部分應(yīng)由連字符號隔開。例如：
錯(cuò)誤：His pro African sentiments were heartily applauded.
正確：His pro-African sentiments were heartily applauded.
6. 如果復(fù)合構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)成的詞語容易與其他詞語混淆，或者導(dǎo)致元音字母相鄰，則應(yīng)用連字符號隔開。例如：
錯(cuò)誤：Most buildings in the ghost town are recreations of the original structures.
正確：Most buildings in the ghost town are re-creations of the original structures.
錯(cuò)誤：She took an antiinflammatory drug for her sports injury.
正確：She took an anti-inflammatory drug for her sports injury.
7. 用破折號表明思路的突然變化。
正確：To get a high score—and who doesn’t want to get a high score—you need to devote yourself to prolonged and concentrated study.
5．撇號
請遵循以下3大規(guī)則：
1. 表明動(dòng)詞縮寫，但是在作文開始中應(yīng)盡量避免縮寫。
2. 表明名詞所有格。
3.代詞都另有單詞表示其所有格，比較特殊的是中性詞one，其所有格為one加上撇號和s。
1．逗號
請遵循以下4大規(guī)則：
1.用逗號分開系列成分。如果有2個(gè)以上相同成分，則應(yīng)用逗號分開；例如：
My recipe for buttermilk biscuits contains flour, soda and buttermilk.
2. 使用逗號來分開插入從句和短語；例如：
Gordon, who is a writer by profession, bakes an excellent cheesecake.
3.在引導(dǎo)性分詞或介詞短語后使用逗號；例如：
After the banquet, Harold and Martha went dancing.
4.利用逗號來分開連詞連接的獨(dú)立從句。例如：
Susan’s old car has been belching blue smoke from the tailpipe for two weeks, but it has not broken down yet.
2．分號
請遵循以下2大規(guī)則：
1.使用分號而不是并列連詞來連接兩個(gè)含義緊密的獨(dú)立從句；例如：
Whooping cranes are an endangered species; they are unlikely to survive if we continue to pollute.
2. therefore、nevertheless和moreover等詞連接的獨(dú)立從句可用分號隔開。(sat)例如：
The staff meeting has been postponed until next Thursday; therefore, I will be unable to get approval for my project until then.
3．冒號
請遵循以下3大規(guī)則：
1.在正式的寫作中，冒號的作用僅在于表明其后是對前面所述內(nèi)容的詳細(xì)說明、定義、解釋或過去發(fā)生事情的概述。冒號之前一般是獨(dú)立從句，并且通常情況下有as follows、the following、namely或like等提示短語。例如：
正確：Your instructions are as follows: read the passage carefully, answer the questions on the last page, and turn over your answer sheet.
2.動(dòng)詞和直接賓語間不要放冒號。例如：
錯(cuò)誤：I want: a slice of pizza and a small green salad.
正確：This is what I want: A slice of pizza and a small green salad.
3.如果前后兩句話有如上所述的緊密關(guān)系，即使沒有上述表示這層關(guān)系的短語，也可使用冒號，并且在這種情況下，句號也可用。例如：
正確：We were aghast: The “charming country inn” that had been advertised in such glowing terms proved to be a leaking cabin full of mosquitoes.
4．連字符號和破折號
請遵循以下7大規(guī)則：
1.行末單詞分開時(shí)使用連字符號。例如：
正確：In this incredible canvas, the artist used only monochromatic elements.
2.表示21-99這些數(shù)字和用作形容詞的分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)，使用連字符號。
錯(cuò)誤：A two thirds vote was necessary to carry the measure.
正確：A two-thirds vote was necessary to carry the measure.
3.由前綴ex、all、self、semi或后綴elect構(gòu)成的詞語，前綴或后綴和主體之間應(yīng)有連字符號。
錯(cuò)誤：The president elect was invited to chair the meeting.
正確：The president-elect was invited to chair the meeting.
4.如果把復(fù)合形容詞放在所修飾詞語的前面，則該形容詞各部分應(yīng)由連字符號分開。
正確：The no-holds-barred argument continued into the night.
5.專有名詞或形容詞前添加前綴，兩部分應(yīng)由連字符號隔開。例如：
錯(cuò)誤：His pro African sentiments were heartily applauded.
正確：His pro-African sentiments were heartily applauded.
6. 如果復(fù)合構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)成的詞語容易與其他詞語混淆，或者導(dǎo)致元音字母相鄰，則應(yīng)用連字符號隔開。例如：
錯(cuò)誤：Most buildings in the ghost town are recreations of the original structures.
正確：Most buildings in the ghost town are re-creations of the original structures.
錯(cuò)誤：She took an antiinflammatory drug for her sports injury.
正確：She took an anti-inflammatory drug for her sports injury.
7. 用破折號表明思路的突然變化。
正確：To get a high score—and who doesn’t want to get a high score—you need to devote yourself to prolonged and concentrated study.
5．撇號
請遵循以下3大規(guī)則：
1. 表明動(dòng)詞縮寫，但是在作文開始中應(yīng)盡量避免縮寫。
2. 表明名詞所有格。
3.代詞都另有單詞表示其所有格，比較特殊的是中性詞one，其所有格為one加上撇號和s。