2012中考英語詞匯輔導(dǎo)
［誤］I bought a same dictionary as she bought.
［正］I bought the same dictionary as she bought.
［析］在慣用法the same， the only， the very前的定冠詞不可換為不定冠詞。
［誤］The police caught the thief by his arm.
［正］The police caught the thief by the arm.
［析］這是英文表達(dá)法與中文的明顯不同之處，也是初學(xué)者極易忽視之處。在英語中的某些動詞，如：catch（抓），take（拿），strike （打），pat（拍），hit（擊），hold（握），pull（拉）…動詞后應(yīng)加人，再加介詞on， by， in， with…之后要加定冠詞，再加人體的某一部位。這時的定冠詞千萬不要換作his， her， their， 等詞。
［誤］He was paid by hour.
［正］He was paid by the hour.
［析］by和計(jì)量單位之間要有定冠詞。這句話應(yīng)譯為：他的工資是按小時計(jì)算的。
［誤］I went to New York by his car.
［正］I went to New York by car.
［正］I went to New York in his car.
［析］by僅僅與交通工具相連表示應(yīng)用某種工具，而加了別的修飾詞后其前面的介詞也應(yīng)作相應(yīng)的轉(zhuǎn)換。如：by car （坐小汽車）by taxi （坐出租車）by bike （騎自行車）by water （乘船）by air （乘飛機(jī)）by sea （乘船）
［誤］Mary began to learn how to play piano when she was three.
［正］Mary began to learn how to play the piano when she was three.
［析］在樂器前要加定冠詞，而在球類游戲之前則不要加冠詞，如：They like to play bridge when they are free. （他們空閑時愛打橋牌）
［誤］The little boy wanted to go to cinema.
［正］The little boy wanted to go to the cinema.
［析］英語中雖有一些名詞與go to連用時不加定冠詞，以表示該名詞的內(nèi)涵，如：go to school （上學(xué)），go to bed（睡覺）等，但去看電影則例外，要用go to the cinema.這也是語言的一個特點(diǎn)。
［誤］I live at 105 the Lake street.
［正］I live at 105 Lake Street.
［析］街道名稱前不用冠詞。
［誤］Next summer holiday I will go to country to live on a farm.
［正］Next summer holiday I will go to the country to live on a farm.
［析］country既作國家講也作鄉(xiāng)村講。作鄉(xiāng)村講時，一定要加定冠詞，而且只有單數(shù)形式，作國家講時則可有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：Japan is a country .Japan， China， India are Asian countries.
［誤］I bought a same dictionary as she bought.
［正］I bought the same dictionary as she bought.
［析］在慣用法the same， the only， the very前的定冠詞不可換為不定冠詞。
［誤］The police caught the thief by his arm.
［正］The police caught the thief by the arm.
［析］這是英文表達(dá)法與中文的明顯不同之處，也是初學(xué)者極易忽視之處。在英語中的某些動詞，如：catch（抓），take（拿），strike （打），pat（拍），hit（擊），hold（握），pull（拉）…動詞后應(yīng)加人，再加介詞on， by， in， with…之后要加定冠詞，再加人體的某一部位。這時的定冠詞千萬不要換作his， her， their， 等詞。
［誤］He was paid by hour.
［正］He was paid by the hour.
［析］by和計(jì)量單位之間要有定冠詞。這句話應(yīng)譯為：他的工資是按小時計(jì)算的。
［誤］I went to New York by his car.
［正］I went to New York by car.
［正］I went to New York in his car.
［析］by僅僅與交通工具相連表示應(yīng)用某種工具，而加了別的修飾詞后其前面的介詞也應(yīng)作相應(yīng)的轉(zhuǎn)換。如：by car （坐小汽車）by taxi （坐出租車）by bike （騎自行車）by water （乘船）by air （乘飛機(jī)）by sea （乘船）
［誤］Mary began to learn how to play piano when she was three.
［正］Mary began to learn how to play the piano when she was three.
［析］在樂器前要加定冠詞，而在球類游戲之前則不要加冠詞，如：They like to play bridge when they are free. （他們空閑時愛打橋牌）
［誤］The little boy wanted to go to cinema.
［正］The little boy wanted to go to the cinema.
［析］英語中雖有一些名詞與go to連用時不加定冠詞，以表示該名詞的內(nèi)涵，如：go to school （上學(xué)），go to bed（睡覺）等，但去看電影則例外，要用go to the cinema.這也是語言的一個特點(diǎn)。
［誤］I live at 105 the Lake street.
［正］I live at 105 Lake Street.
［析］街道名稱前不用冠詞。
［誤］Next summer holiday I will go to country to live on a farm.
［正］Next summer holiday I will go to the country to live on a farm.
［析］country既作國家講也作鄉(xiāng)村講。作鄉(xiāng)村講時，一定要加定冠詞，而且只有單數(shù)形式，作國家講時則可有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：Japan is a country .Japan， China， India are Asian countries.