2012年中考英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句復(fù)習(xí)
1． I saw the man. He closed the door
I saw the man who （that） closed the door
2． The girl is happy She won the race
The girl who won the race is happy
3． The students are from China They sit in the front row
The students who sit in the front row are from China
（要注意的是先行詞是 students 則 who 的數(shù)也應(yīng)看作復(fù)數(shù)。）
4． We are studying sentences They contain adjective dause
We are studying sentences that （which） contain adjective dause
5． The taxi driver was friendly He took me to the airport
The taxi driver who took me to the airport was friendly
6． The book was good I read it
The book that I read was good
The book I read was good
7． The people were very nice We visited them yesterday
The people we visited yesterday were very nice
8． The man called the police His wallet was stolen
The man whose wallet was stolen called the police
9． I come from a country Its history goes back thousands of years
I come from a country whose history goes back thousands of years
10． I have to call the man I picked up his umbrella after the meeting
I have to call the man whose umbrella I picked up after the meeting
關(guān)系代詞 whom， which 在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以和介詞一起放于先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句之間，有時(shí)為了關(guān)系緊湊也可以將 whom 與 which 與先行詞緊挨著書(shū)寫(xiě)，而將介詞置于定語(yǔ)從句的后面，如：
That was the room in which we had lived for ten years 或可以寫(xiě)作：
That was the room which we had lived in for ten years
He was the man whom（who） you were looking for 要注意的是此句的關(guān)系代詞 whom 可以用主格取代，而 look for 是短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也不可將 for 放于定語(yǔ)從句之前。that 作關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，不能緊跟介詞，而只能將介詞置于定語(yǔ)從句的后面。如： The man that we were talking about has come to our school 這時(shí)不可用 about that … 請(qǐng)看下面例句：
1． The meeting was interesting I went to it
The meeting that I went to was interesting
2． The man was very kind I talked to him yesterday
The man who I talked to yesterday was very kind
3． I must thank the people I got a present from him
I must thank the people who I got a present from
4． The picture was beautiful She was looking at it
The picture that （which） she was looking at was beautiful
5． The man is standing over there I told you about him
The man who I told you about is standing over there
除關(guān)系代詞外，還有關(guān)系副詞， when， where， why， 其中 when用來(lái)指時(shí)間，在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如： I never forget the day when I first came to the Great Wall 而 where 則指地點(diǎn)，如： This is the house where the old man lives 請(qǐng)看下面例句：
1． The city was beautiful We spent our vacation there
The city where we spent our vacation was beautiful
2． That is the restaurant I will meet you there
That is the restaurant where I will meet you
3． The town is small I grew up there
The town where I grew up is small
4． That is the drawer I keep my newpapers there
That is the drawer where I keep my newspapers
5． Monday is the day We will come then
Monday is the day When we will came
6． 7∶05 is the time My plane arrives then
7∶05 is the time when my plane arrives
7． 1960 is the year The revolution took place then
1960 is the year when the revolution took place
8． July is the month The weather is usually the hottest then
July is the month when the weather is usually the hottest
在定語(yǔ)從句中又可分為兩大類(lèi)定語(yǔ)從句，即限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
①限制性定語(yǔ)從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語(yǔ)，如果去掉的話，主句的意思就不完整，意義就表述不明。這種句型一般定語(yǔ)從句緊接先行詞，如：I was the only person in my office who was invited
②非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。它與主句的關(guān)系不十分密切，只是對(duì)其附加說(shuō)明，也就是講即便去掉定語(yǔ)從句，句意也不受影響，仍然清晰明了。這樣的定語(yǔ)從句要在它和主句之間加一逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。且關(guān)系代詞不引導(dǎo)這種非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，如： Abraham Lincoln， who led the United States through these years， was shot on April 14，1865 at a theatre in washington D．C．
又如：Galileo lived in the city of Pisa， where there is a leaning tower about 180 feet high
1． I saw the man. He closed the door
I saw the man who （that） closed the door
2． The girl is happy She won the race
The girl who won the race is happy
3． The students are from China They sit in the front row
The students who sit in the front row are from China
（要注意的是先行詞是 students 則 who 的數(shù)也應(yīng)看作復(fù)數(shù)。）
4． We are studying sentences They contain adjective dause
We are studying sentences that （which） contain adjective dause
5． The taxi driver was friendly He took me to the airport
The taxi driver who took me to the airport was friendly
6． The book was good I read it
The book that I read was good
The book I read was good
7． The people were very nice We visited them yesterday
The people we visited yesterday were very nice
8． The man called the police His wallet was stolen
The man whose wallet was stolen called the police
9． I come from a country Its history goes back thousands of years
I come from a country whose history goes back thousands of years
10． I have to call the man I picked up his umbrella after the meeting
I have to call the man whose umbrella I picked up after the meeting
關(guān)系代詞 whom， which 在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以和介詞一起放于先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句之間，有時(shí)為了關(guān)系緊湊也可以將 whom 與 which 與先行詞緊挨著書(shū)寫(xiě)，而將介詞置于定語(yǔ)從句的后面，如：
That was the room in which we had lived for ten years 或可以寫(xiě)作：
That was the room which we had lived in for ten years
He was the man whom（who） you were looking for 要注意的是此句的關(guān)系代詞 whom 可以用主格取代，而 look for 是短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也不可將 for 放于定語(yǔ)從句之前。that 作關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，不能緊跟介詞，而只能將介詞置于定語(yǔ)從句的后面。如： The man that we were talking about has come to our school 這時(shí)不可用 about that … 請(qǐng)看下面例句：
1． The meeting was interesting I went to it
The meeting that I went to was interesting
2． The man was very kind I talked to him yesterday
The man who I talked to yesterday was very kind
3． I must thank the people I got a present from him
I must thank the people who I got a present from
4． The picture was beautiful She was looking at it
The picture that （which） she was looking at was beautiful
5． The man is standing over there I told you about him
The man who I told you about is standing over there
除關(guān)系代詞外，還有關(guān)系副詞， when， where， why， 其中 when用來(lái)指時(shí)間，在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如： I never forget the day when I first came to the Great Wall 而 where 則指地點(diǎn)，如： This is the house where the old man lives 請(qǐng)看下面例句：
1． The city was beautiful We spent our vacation there
The city where we spent our vacation was beautiful
2． That is the restaurant I will meet you there
That is the restaurant where I will meet you
3． The town is small I grew up there
The town where I grew up is small
4． That is the drawer I keep my newpapers there
That is the drawer where I keep my newspapers
5． Monday is the day We will come then
Monday is the day When we will came
6． 7∶05 is the time My plane arrives then
7∶05 is the time when my plane arrives
7． 1960 is the year The revolution took place then
1960 is the year when the revolution took place
8． July is the month The weather is usually the hottest then
July is the month when the weather is usually the hottest
在定語(yǔ)從句中又可分為兩大類(lèi)定語(yǔ)從句，即限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
①限制性定語(yǔ)從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語(yǔ)，如果去掉的話，主句的意思就不完整，意義就表述不明。這種句型一般定語(yǔ)從句緊接先行詞，如：I was the only person in my office who was invited
②非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。它與主句的關(guān)系不十分密切，只是對(duì)其附加說(shuō)明，也就是講即便去掉定語(yǔ)從句，句意也不受影響，仍然清晰明了。這樣的定語(yǔ)從句要在它和主句之間加一逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。且關(guān)系代詞不引導(dǎo)這種非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，如： Abraham Lincoln， who led the United States through these years， was shot on April 14，1865 at a theatre in washington D．C．
又如：Galileo lived in the city of Pisa， where there is a leaning tower about 180 feet high