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三、合并運(yùn)輸?shù)膬?yōu)勢(shì) (考試重點(diǎn))
3-1 課文：Consolidation can benefit all concerned, e.g. exporters and shippers, carrier and forwarder. The national economy can also benefit.
注釋：benefit: 有益于 concerned: 有關(guān)的(在這里是指“相關(guān)的各方”) national economy: 國(guó)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)
課文意思：合并運(yùn)輸能使所有相關(guān)各方獲益，例如：出口商和委托人，承運(yùn)人和貨運(yùn)代理人。也有益于國(guó)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。
3-2 對(duì)于出口商和托運(yùn)人的好處：
1、可以獲得低的運(yùn)費(fèi)費(fèi)率。
課文：They get the benefit of a rate lower than they would have normally paid to the carrier. It is particularly beneficial to small shippers who are not well established in their trade and who do not have enough bargaining strength to negotiate rates with the shipping or air lines.
注釋：lower than: 低于 normally: 正常情況下，通常的 pay to: 支付 particularly: 特別地，尤其 be beneficial to: 有益于... establish: 建立，成立，設(shè)立，安置 enough: 足夠的，充足的 bargaining strength: 討價(jià)還價(jià)的能力(bargaining: 討價(jià)，商討 strength: 實(shí)力，力量)negotiate: 談判，商定 shipping line: 船運(yùn)公司
課文意思：對(duì)于出口商和托運(yùn)人來說，他們可以從低于正常情況下支付給承運(yùn)人的價(jià)格中獲益。特別對(duì)于那些小的托運(yùn)人來說，他們還沒有很好的建立起市場(chǎng)，并且沒有足夠的能力與船運(yùn)公司或者空運(yùn)公司討價(jià)還價(jià)。
2、可以選擇更多的航線，目的地范圍更廣
課文：And shippers find it advantageous to deal through a freight forwarder who provides consolidation services to a wide range of destinations instead of approaching several shipping lines, each of which may be offering services only on routes which they operate.
注釋：advantageous: 有益的，有利的 a wide range of: 大范圍的，范圍廣的 instead of: 而不是，代替 approach: 與...打交道，接近 shipping line: 航運(yùn)公司 offer: 提供
課文：并且發(fā)貨人也發(fā)現(xiàn)了通過貨運(yùn)代理人進(jìn)行合并運(yùn)輸?shù)牧硪粋€(gè)好處，合并運(yùn)輸服務(wù)所提供的目的地范圍更廣，他們不僅僅限于與幾個(gè)航運(yùn)公司接洽，而每個(gè)航運(yùn)公司可能只能提供他們所運(yùn)營(yíng)的航線上的服務(wù)。
3-3 對(duì)于承運(yùn)人的好處：
1、可以節(jié)省時(shí)間和工作
課文：The carrier does not have to handle individual consignments and these results in considerable savings in paperwork and time.
注釋：have to: 不得不，只好 handle: 處理，應(yīng)付，控制 result in: 導(dǎo)致 considerable: 不可忽視的，相當(dāng)(大，多)的，可觀的 saving: 節(jié)約 paperwork: 文書工作
課文意思：承運(yùn)人不用處理個(gè)別的托運(yùn)，這樣可以省去很多的文書工作和時(shí)間。
2、可以集中利用運(yùn)輸能力
課文：There is more intensive utilization of his carrying capacity as the consolidator offers his FCL cargoes.
注釋：intensive: 集中的，增強(qiáng)的 utilization: 利用 carrying capacity: 運(yùn)輸能力，承載能力
課文意思：承運(yùn)人還可以集中的地利用他的運(yùn)載能力，因?yàn)楹喜⑦\(yùn)輸人提供的是整箱貨物。
3、可以節(jié)省開支以及避免付款的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
課文：The carrier also saves on the expenditure which he would have otherwise incurred in maintaining freight handling equipment and in employing workers to handle LCL shipments, and he does not have to take the risk of freight payments by the individual shipper as this is taken care of by the freight forwarder.
注釋：save on: 節(jié)省 expenditure: 支出，花費(fèi) otherwise: 另外，否則，不同地 incur: 招致 maintain: 保持，維持 equipment: 設(shè)備，裝備，船上用具 employ: 雇用 worker: 工人 LCL shipment: 零擔(dān)貨物運(yùn)輸，拼裝貨物運(yùn)輸 risk: 風(fēng)險(xiǎn) freight payment: 支付運(yùn)費(fèi) take care of: 照顧，在這里引申為“負(fù)責(zé)”
課文意思：承運(yùn)人還可以節(jié)省支出，如使用設(shè)備所需的維護(hù)費(fèi)和進(jìn)行零擔(dān)貨物運(yùn)輸所需雇傭工人的費(fèi)用，并且他不需要承擔(dān)個(gè)別托運(yùn)人運(yùn)費(fèi)支付方面的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)是由貨運(yùn)代理人負(fù)責(zé)的。
三、合并運(yùn)輸?shù)膬?yōu)勢(shì) (考試重點(diǎn))
3-1 課文：Consolidation can benefit all concerned, e.g. exporters and shippers, carrier and forwarder. The national economy can also benefit.
注釋：benefit: 有益于 concerned: 有關(guān)的(在這里是指“相關(guān)的各方”) national economy: 國(guó)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)
課文意思：合并運(yùn)輸能使所有相關(guān)各方獲益，例如：出口商和委托人，承運(yùn)人和貨運(yùn)代理人。也有益于國(guó)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。
3-2 對(duì)于出口商和托運(yùn)人的好處：
1、可以獲得低的運(yùn)費(fèi)費(fèi)率。
課文：They get the benefit of a rate lower than they would have normally paid to the carrier. It is particularly beneficial to small shippers who are not well established in their trade and who do not have enough bargaining strength to negotiate rates with the shipping or air lines.
注釋：lower than: 低于 normally: 正常情況下，通常的 pay to: 支付 particularly: 特別地，尤其 be beneficial to: 有益于... establish: 建立，成立，設(shè)立，安置 enough: 足夠的，充足的 bargaining strength: 討價(jià)還價(jià)的能力(bargaining: 討價(jià)，商討 strength: 實(shí)力，力量)negotiate: 談判，商定 shipping line: 船運(yùn)公司
課文意思：對(duì)于出口商和托運(yùn)人來說，他們可以從低于正常情況下支付給承運(yùn)人的價(jià)格中獲益。特別對(duì)于那些小的托運(yùn)人來說，他們還沒有很好的建立起市場(chǎng)，并且沒有足夠的能力與船運(yùn)公司或者空運(yùn)公司討價(jià)還價(jià)。
2、可以選擇更多的航線，目的地范圍更廣
課文：And shippers find it advantageous to deal through a freight forwarder who provides consolidation services to a wide range of destinations instead of approaching several shipping lines, each of which may be offering services only on routes which they operate.
注釋：advantageous: 有益的，有利的 a wide range of: 大范圍的，范圍廣的 instead of: 而不是，代替 approach: 與...打交道，接近 shipping line: 航運(yùn)公司 offer: 提供
課文：并且發(fā)貨人也發(fā)現(xiàn)了通過貨運(yùn)代理人進(jìn)行合并運(yùn)輸?shù)牧硪粋€(gè)好處，合并運(yùn)輸服務(wù)所提供的目的地范圍更廣，他們不僅僅限于與幾個(gè)航運(yùn)公司接洽，而每個(gè)航運(yùn)公司可能只能提供他們所運(yùn)營(yíng)的航線上的服務(wù)。
3-3 對(duì)于承運(yùn)人的好處：
1、可以節(jié)省時(shí)間和工作
課文：The carrier does not have to handle individual consignments and these results in considerable savings in paperwork and time.
注釋：have to: 不得不，只好 handle: 處理，應(yīng)付，控制 result in: 導(dǎo)致 considerable: 不可忽視的，相當(dāng)(大，多)的，可觀的 saving: 節(jié)約 paperwork: 文書工作
課文意思：承運(yùn)人不用處理個(gè)別的托運(yùn)，這樣可以省去很多的文書工作和時(shí)間。
2、可以集中利用運(yùn)輸能力
課文：There is more intensive utilization of his carrying capacity as the consolidator offers his FCL cargoes.
注釋：intensive: 集中的，增強(qiáng)的 utilization: 利用 carrying capacity: 運(yùn)輸能力，承載能力
課文意思：承運(yùn)人還可以集中的地利用他的運(yùn)載能力，因?yàn)楹喜⑦\(yùn)輸人提供的是整箱貨物。
3、可以節(jié)省開支以及避免付款的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
課文：The carrier also saves on the expenditure which he would have otherwise incurred in maintaining freight handling equipment and in employing workers to handle LCL shipments, and he does not have to take the risk of freight payments by the individual shipper as this is taken care of by the freight forwarder.
注釋：save on: 節(jié)省 expenditure: 支出，花費(fèi) otherwise: 另外，否則，不同地 incur: 招致 maintain: 保持，維持 equipment: 設(shè)備，裝備，船上用具 employ: 雇用 worker: 工人 LCL shipment: 零擔(dān)貨物運(yùn)輸，拼裝貨物運(yùn)輸 risk: 風(fēng)險(xiǎn) freight payment: 支付運(yùn)費(fèi) take care of: 照顧，在這里引申為“負(fù)責(zé)”
課文意思：承運(yùn)人還可以節(jié)省支出，如使用設(shè)備所需的維護(hù)費(fèi)和進(jìn)行零擔(dān)貨物運(yùn)輸所需雇傭工人的費(fèi)用，并且他不需要承擔(dān)個(gè)別托運(yùn)人運(yùn)費(fèi)支付方面的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)是由貨運(yùn)代理人負(fù)責(zé)的。