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【大綱詳解】
一、課文序言介紹
1．課文：Customs clearance in the import-export trade is one of the traditional functions of a freight forwarder. A freight forwarder should have a working knowledge of procedures prevalent in ports in order to provide an efficient service to clients.
注釋：
customs clearance：結(jié)關(guān)，清關(guān)，
import-export trade：進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易
traditional：傳統(tǒng)的，慣例的
function：功能，作用，職責(zé)
have knowledge of：了解，熟悉
procedure：程序，手續(xù)
prevalent：普遍的，流行的
efficient：有效率的，生效的
client：客戶
譯文：在進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易中，清關(guān)是貨運(yùn)代理的一項(xiàng)傳統(tǒng)職能。貨運(yùn)代理應(yīng)了解各港口常見的手續(xù)以便為客戶提供高效的服務(wù)。
【例題12.1】解釋customs clearance [2006年真題]
解析：清關(guān)。清關(guān)即結(jié)關(guān)，是指進(jìn)口貨物、出口貨物和裝運(yùn)貨物進(jìn)入或出口一國(guó)海關(guān)關(guān)境或國(guó)境必須向海關(guān)申報(bào)，辦理海關(guān)規(guī)定的各項(xiàng)手續(xù)，履行各項(xiàng)法規(guī)規(guī)定的義務(wù)。
2．課文：The basic customs laws or regulations applicable to the arrival and departure of ships and to goods imported or exported are more or less the same in most countries although they may differ in procedural and documentary details.
注釋：
customs laws：海關(guān)法規(guī)
regulation：規(guī)則，規(guī)章
applicable：適用的
arrival：到港
departure：離港
more or less：或多或少
differ：不同，不一致
procedural and documentary details：程序和文件的細(xì)節(jié)
譯文：盡管各國(guó)在程序和文件的細(xì)節(jié)上可能會(huì)有不同，但在許多國(guó)家，對(duì)于船舶的到港和離港適用的基本的海關(guān)法規(guī)或多或少總有相同之處。
3．課文：But in several countries there is legislation for controlling and regulating imports and exports. The rules or regulations issued under such legislation will also have to be followed in customs clearance.
注釋：
several：在這里為“個(gè)別的，單獨(dú)的”意思。
legislation：立法，法律的制定（或通過）
control：控制
regulate：調(diào)節(jié)
譯文：但是在個(gè)別國(guó)家，有特定的立法控制和調(diào)節(jié)進(jìn)出口。清關(guān)也要遵循在此立法下的法規(guī)。
【大綱詳解】
一、課文序言介紹
1．課文：Customs clearance in the import-export trade is one of the traditional functions of a freight forwarder. A freight forwarder should have a working knowledge of procedures prevalent in ports in order to provide an efficient service to clients.
注釋：
customs clearance：結(jié)關(guān)，清關(guān)，
import-export trade：進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易
traditional：傳統(tǒng)的，慣例的
function：功能，作用，職責(zé)
have knowledge of：了解，熟悉
procedure：程序，手續(xù)
prevalent：普遍的，流行的
efficient：有效率的，生效的
client：客戶
譯文：在進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易中，清關(guān)是貨運(yùn)代理的一項(xiàng)傳統(tǒng)職能。貨運(yùn)代理應(yīng)了解各港口常見的手續(xù)以便為客戶提供高效的服務(wù)。
【例題12.1】解釋customs clearance [2006年真題]
解析：清關(guān)。清關(guān)即結(jié)關(guān)，是指進(jìn)口貨物、出口貨物和裝運(yùn)貨物進(jìn)入或出口一國(guó)海關(guān)關(guān)境或國(guó)境必須向海關(guān)申報(bào)，辦理海關(guān)規(guī)定的各項(xiàng)手續(xù)，履行各項(xiàng)法規(guī)規(guī)定的義務(wù)。
2．課文：The basic customs laws or regulations applicable to the arrival and departure of ships and to goods imported or exported are more or less the same in most countries although they may differ in procedural and documentary details.
注釋：
customs laws：海關(guān)法規(guī)
regulation：規(guī)則，規(guī)章
applicable：適用的
arrival：到港
departure：離港
more or less：或多或少
differ：不同，不一致
procedural and documentary details：程序和文件的細(xì)節(jié)
譯文：盡管各國(guó)在程序和文件的細(xì)節(jié)上可能會(huì)有不同，但在許多國(guó)家，對(duì)于船舶的到港和離港適用的基本的海關(guān)法規(guī)或多或少總有相同之處。
3．課文：But in several countries there is legislation for controlling and regulating imports and exports. The rules or regulations issued under such legislation will also have to be followed in customs clearance.
注釋：
several：在這里為“個(gè)別的，單獨(dú)的”意思。
legislation：立法，法律的制定（或通過）
control：控制
regulate：調(diào)節(jié)
譯文：但是在個(gè)別國(guó)家，有特定的立法控制和調(diào)節(jié)進(jìn)出口。清關(guān)也要遵循在此立法下的法規(guī)。