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一、信用證的定義
英文定義：A letter of credit ( L/C, or credit ) is the written promise of a bank to act at the request and on the instruction of the applicant and to undertake payment to the beneficiary in the amount specified in the credit, provide that the beneficiary complies with the terms and conditions of the credit.
注釋：written: 書面的，成文的 promise: 約定，保證 at the request of : 應(yīng)(某人)的請(qǐng)求 on the instruction of: 憑(某人)的指示 applicant: 申請(qǐng)人 beneficiary: 受益人 specify: 指定，詳列 ，規(guī)定 provide ( that ): 假若，規(guī)定… comply with: 依從，服從，遵從 terms and conditions: 條款
中文意思：信用證是指銀行應(yīng)申請(qǐng)人的要求和其指示開立的承諾在受益人履行信用證條款后按信用證規(guī)定的金額付款給受益人的書面保證文件。
二、信用證的有關(guān)各方當(dāng)事人(考試重點(diǎn))
英文原文：There are many parties involved in the L/C operation. They are the applicant, issuing bank, advising bank, beneficiary, negotiating bank, and so on.
注釋：operation: 操作，運(yùn)作 negotiating bank: 議付銀行
中文意思：信用證操作過(guò)程中涉及到許多當(dāng)事人(方)，他們是申請(qǐng)人，開證銀行，通知銀行，受益人，議付銀行等。
具體介紹：
1、applicant(申請(qǐng)人)
英文定義：An applicant is the party that applies to a bank for opening a letter of credit. An applicant may also be called “opener” or “accountee”. It is usually the buyer or importer in a contract.
注釋：apply to: 向…申請(qǐng)或要求 open a letter of credit: 開立信用證 opener: 申請(qǐng)開證人 accountee: 開證申請(qǐng)人
中文意思：申請(qǐng)人是指向銀行申請(qǐng)開立信用證的一方。申請(qǐng)人也稱“申請(qǐng)開證人”或“開證申請(qǐng)人”。通常是合同中的買方或進(jìn)口商。
2、issuing bank (開證行)
英文定義：An issuing bank refers to the bank that issues a letter of credit at the request of the applicant, and is responsible for payment of the proceeds under an L/C if the terms and conditions of the credit are complied with.
注釋：refer to: 指的是 be responsible for: 對(duì)…負(fù)有責(zé)任，對(duì)…負(fù)責(zé) proceeds: 貨款，收益
中文意思：開證行應(yīng)申請(qǐng)人要求開立信用證的銀行，并在信用證條款履行后負(fù)責(zé)支付信用證項(xiàng)下的款項(xiàng)。
3、advising bank (通知行)
英文原文：An advising bank is usually a bank in the seller’s country. Of course, it may also be in a third country. Upon instructions and entrustment of the issuing bank, the advising bank advises the beneficiary of the L/C.
注釋：of course: 當(dāng)然 third country: 第三國(guó)家 entrustment: 委托
中文意思：通知行通常是賣方所在國(guó)銀行，也可在第三國(guó)家。憑開證行的指示和委托，通知受益人相關(guān)信用證事宜。
4、beneficiary (受益人)
英文定義：A beneficiary refers to the party in whose favor an L/C is opened and which should comply with the terms and conditions of the credit in order to receive the proceeds. It usually refers to the seller, the exporter.
注釋：in sb. favor：對(duì)某人有利，以某人為受益人
中文意思：受益人是指信用證受益一方，需按信用證條款履行義務(wù)以獲得付款。通常是指的賣方，或出口商。
5、negotiating bank 議付銀行
英文原文：A negotiating bank is the bank that negotiates the beneficiary’s draft(s). It may be the advising bank or another bank authorized to negotiate the documents. If there is no specific stipulation in the L/C, the exporter may present the documentary draft to any bank that is able to do the negotiation.
注釋：draft: 匯票，付款通知單 be authorized to: 有權(quán)做…，被允許 stipulation: [不可數(shù)]規(guī)定; [可數(shù)]條款, 條件 documentary draft: 跟單匯票
中文意思：議付行是對(duì)受益人匯票進(jìn)行議付的銀行。議付行可以是通知行或者其他有權(quán)議付單證的銀行。如果信用證中無(wú)特殊規(guī)定，出口商可以向任何銀行提交跟單匯票進(jìn)行議付。
一、信用證的定義
英文定義：A letter of credit ( L/C, or credit ) is the written promise of a bank to act at the request and on the instruction of the applicant and to undertake payment to the beneficiary in the amount specified in the credit, provide that the beneficiary complies with the terms and conditions of the credit.
注釋：written: 書面的，成文的 promise: 約定，保證 at the request of : 應(yīng)(某人)的請(qǐng)求 on the instruction of: 憑(某人)的指示 applicant: 申請(qǐng)人 beneficiary: 受益人 specify: 指定，詳列 ，規(guī)定 provide ( that ): 假若，規(guī)定… comply with: 依從，服從，遵從 terms and conditions: 條款
中文意思：信用證是指銀行應(yīng)申請(qǐng)人的要求和其指示開立的承諾在受益人履行信用證條款后按信用證規(guī)定的金額付款給受益人的書面保證文件。
二、信用證的有關(guān)各方當(dāng)事人(考試重點(diǎn))
英文原文：There are many parties involved in the L/C operation. They are the applicant, issuing bank, advising bank, beneficiary, negotiating bank, and so on.
注釋：operation: 操作，運(yùn)作 negotiating bank: 議付銀行
中文意思：信用證操作過(guò)程中涉及到許多當(dāng)事人(方)，他們是申請(qǐng)人，開證銀行，通知銀行，受益人，議付銀行等。
具體介紹：
1、applicant(申請(qǐng)人)
英文定義：An applicant is the party that applies to a bank for opening a letter of credit. An applicant may also be called “opener” or “accountee”. It is usually the buyer or importer in a contract.
注釋：apply to: 向…申請(qǐng)或要求 open a letter of credit: 開立信用證 opener: 申請(qǐng)開證人 accountee: 開證申請(qǐng)人
中文意思：申請(qǐng)人是指向銀行申請(qǐng)開立信用證的一方。申請(qǐng)人也稱“申請(qǐng)開證人”或“開證申請(qǐng)人”。通常是合同中的買方或進(jìn)口商。
2、issuing bank (開證行)
英文定義：An issuing bank refers to the bank that issues a letter of credit at the request of the applicant, and is responsible for payment of the proceeds under an L/C if the terms and conditions of the credit are complied with.
注釋：refer to: 指的是 be responsible for: 對(duì)…負(fù)有責(zé)任，對(duì)…負(fù)責(zé) proceeds: 貨款，收益
中文意思：開證行應(yīng)申請(qǐng)人要求開立信用證的銀行，并在信用證條款履行后負(fù)責(zé)支付信用證項(xiàng)下的款項(xiàng)。
3、advising bank (通知行)
英文原文：An advising bank is usually a bank in the seller’s country. Of course, it may also be in a third country. Upon instructions and entrustment of the issuing bank, the advising bank advises the beneficiary of the L/C.
注釋：of course: 當(dāng)然 third country: 第三國(guó)家 entrustment: 委托
中文意思：通知行通常是賣方所在國(guó)銀行，也可在第三國(guó)家。憑開證行的指示和委托，通知受益人相關(guān)信用證事宜。
4、beneficiary (受益人)
英文定義：A beneficiary refers to the party in whose favor an L/C is opened and which should comply with the terms and conditions of the credit in order to receive the proceeds. It usually refers to the seller, the exporter.
注釋：in sb. favor：對(duì)某人有利，以某人為受益人
中文意思：受益人是指信用證受益一方，需按信用證條款履行義務(wù)以獲得付款。通常是指的賣方，或出口商。
5、negotiating bank 議付銀行
英文原文：A negotiating bank is the bank that negotiates the beneficiary’s draft(s). It may be the advising bank or another bank authorized to negotiate the documents. If there is no specific stipulation in the L/C, the exporter may present the documentary draft to any bank that is able to do the negotiation.
注釋：draft: 匯票，付款通知單 be authorized to: 有權(quán)做…，被允許 stipulation: [不可數(shù)]規(guī)定; [可數(shù)]條款, 條件 documentary draft: 跟單匯票
中文意思：議付行是對(duì)受益人匯票進(jìn)行議付的銀行。議付行可以是通知行或者其他有權(quán)議付單證的銀行。如果信用證中無(wú)特殊規(guī)定，出口商可以向任何銀行提交跟單匯票進(jìn)行議付。