2011年成人英語(yǔ)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法五

字號(hào):

2、關(guān)于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面接進(jìn)行式和完成式的情況
    一般說(shuō)來(lái),“進(jìn)行式”表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行;“完成式”則表示動(dòng)作是發(fā)生在過(guò)去或是表示按理是發(fā)生了但事實(shí)上卻沒(méi)有發(fā)生。下面我們分別討論一下各種具體情況。
    A、關(guān)于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面接進(jìn)行式的情況
    can后面接進(jìn)行式 表示可能正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,例如:
    What can she be doing at this moment? 這個(gè)時(shí)候她會(huì)在做什么呢?
    You can't be telling us the truth.你不可能在對(duì)我將真話。
    Can he be still thinking of it I told him?
    他會(huì)不會(huì)還在考慮我告訴他的那件事呢?
    may后面接進(jìn)行式表示可能正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,例如:
    Your mother may be waiting for you to return home.
    你媽媽可能正等著你回家吧。
    She may be leaving for New York tomorrow or some day.
    她或許明天或者什么時(shí)候會(huì)動(dòng)身去紐約。
    They may be returning back before Christmas.他可能圣誕節(jié)前回來(lái)。
    might后面接進(jìn)行式表示可能正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,例如:
    They might be planning to make a loan for their new project.
    他們也許在為他們的新項(xiàng)目策劃貸款的事。
    She might still be crying for being wronged.
    她或許因?yàn)槭芰嗽┩鬟€在啼哭。
    You might be telling me a lie.你也許在對(duì)我撒謊。
    must后面接進(jìn)行式 表示想必正在做某事,例如:
    You must be thinking where I learned it.你一定在想我是從哪兒知道這件事的。
    They must be following us just a little behind us.
    他們肯定在離我們不遠(yuǎn)的地方尾隨著我們。
    My brother must be sleeping in bed for it‘s so quiet in the house.
    家里這么安靜,我弟弟一定在床上睡覺(jué)。
    should后面接進(jìn)行式表示應(yīng)該正在做某事,例如:
    You should be doing your exercises instead of watching TV.
    現(xiàn)在你該在做作業(yè)而不是看電視。
    You shouldn't be thinking about the solution only in one way.
    你不應(yīng)該只用一種方法考慮解決問(wèn)題的辦法。
    Why should I be waiting here without doing anything?
    我憑什么在這兒白等。
    B、關(guān)于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面接完成式的情況
    can后面接完成式 表示可能已經(jīng)做了某事。例如:
    He can't have left home because the television is on.
    因?yàn)殡娨曔€開(kāi)著所以他不會(huì)離開(kāi)家了。
    Where can they have gone? 他們會(huì)去了哪兒呢?
    You can't have finished the novel so soon.
    你不可能這么快就看完了那本小說(shuō)。
    could后面接完成式 表示本可能發(fā)生或本可以做的事而沒(méi)有發(fā)生或沒(méi)有做;它的否定形式則表示本不可能發(fā)生或本不可以做的事而已經(jīng)發(fā)生或已經(jīng)做了。例如:
    The output could have been increased by 15%.產(chǎn)量本可以提高百分之十五的。
    How could he have forgotten him birthday? 他怎么會(huì)忘了自己的生日呢?
    Judging from her appearance and manner,she couldn't have been over fifty years old. 從她的儀表和舉止來(lái)看,她不可能已有五十多歲了。
    may后面接完成式 表示可能已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例如:
    He may have had some training in Chinese Gongfu.他可能學(xué)過(guò)一些中國(guó)武術(shù)。
    You may have narrowly missed her on your way to here.
    你可能在來(lái)這兒的路上剛好與她錯(cuò)過(guò)了。
    They may have seen that movie.他們或許看過(guò)那部電影。
    might后面接完成式 表示本可能發(fā)生或本可以做的事而沒(méi)有發(fā)生或沒(méi)有做。例如:
    They might have finished their work by now.他們現(xiàn)在或許已經(jīng)完成任務(wù)。
    She might have done better than that.你本可以做得比這更好一些的。
    You might have learned more from him. 你本可以向他學(xué)到更多一些東西的。
    must后面接完成式 表示想必已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事。例如:
    You must have talked about it with her before hand.你一定事先與她談過(guò)這件事。
    It must have snowed last night for it's so cold this morning.
    今天早晨這么冷,昨晚一定下雪了。