2010成人英語三級考試中易混淆詞組(1)

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2010成人英語三級考試中易混淆詞組(1)
    1. able, capable, competent
    able為常用詞,指具有做某事所需的力量,技巧,知識與時間等,一般下效率無關(guān),用作定語表示能力超出平均水平。如:A cat is able to see in the dark. (貓在黑暗中能看見東西。)
    capable 指滿足一般要求的能力,可以是表現(xiàn)出來的,也可是潛在的,搭配是be capable of +doing。用作定語,表示的能力沒有able表示的能力強(qiáng)。如:He is capable of running a mile in a minute. (他能在一分鐘內(nèi)跑完一英里。)He is a very capable doctor. (他是一位很好的大夫。)exam8.com
    competent 指“勝任”,“合格”,或受過專業(yè)技術(shù)等訓(xùn)練的,但不是超群的能力。如:A doctor should be competent to treat many diseases. (醫(yī)生應(yīng)該能治多種病。)
    2. aboard, abroad, board, broad
    aboard 在船(或飛機(jī),車)上。如:I never went aboard a ship.
    abroad 副詞,在國外或海外。如:He often goes abroad.
    board 為動詞,上(船,飛機(jī),車)。如:The passengers are boarding the plane now.
    broad 為形容詞,寬廣的。如:He has very broad shoulders.
    3. accept, receive
    accept 接受,receive“接到”,“收到”。如:I received an invitation yesterday, but I didn’t accept it. (昨天我收到了一個請柬,但并沒有接受邀請。)
    4.accident, incident, event
    accident事故。如:a traffic accident (交通事故)
    incident“附帶事件”,在政治上特指引起國際爭端或戰(zhàn)爭的事件,事變。
    event “事件”,指特別重要的事件,通常是由以前的努力而產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果,也指國家和社會的事件。
    5. accomplish, complete, finish, achieve, attain
    accomplish表成功,強(qiáng)調(diào)完成的結(jié)果而不是過程。如:Because of his hard word, things are accomplished. (由于他的努力,事情都已完成了。)
    complete 表示積極的完成,更具體地指建筑、工程等的完成。如:Has he complete his novel yet? (他的小說寫完了嗎?)
    finish 最常用,后接動詞的-ing形式,表示在一個活動的連續(xù)過程中完成了最后的一步或階段。如:I’ll finish the job alone. (我要獨自完成這項工作。)exam8.com
    achieve 完成,實現(xiàn),強(qiáng)調(diào)通過努力而達(dá)到目的。如:You will achieve success if you work hard.
    Attain達(dá)到,實現(xiàn),常用于一般人的能力不易達(dá)到的目的。如:Greater efforts are needed before we can attain our goals.
    6. accurate, correct, exact, precise
    accurate準(zhǔn)確的,精確的。如:Clocks in railway stations should be accurate.(火車站的鐘應(yīng)該是準(zhǔn)確的。)
    correct“正確的”,指符合一定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或準(zhǔn)則,含有“無錯誤的”意味。它的反義詞是incorrect, wrong.
    exact“精確的”,“恰好的”,比“大體上正確”更進(jìn)一步,表“絲毫不差”。它的反義詞是inexact。
    precise強(qiáng)調(diào)“精確”,“精密”。
    7. accuse, charge, sue
    accuse 指責(zé),指控,常與of 搭配。如:His boss accused him of carelessness.
    charge 常與with搭配。如:The police charged the driver with reckless driving.
    sue 常與for 搭配。如:Smith sued his neighbor for damaging his house.
    8. achieve, acquire, require, inquire
    achieve(成功地)完成,實現(xiàn)。如:He will never achieve anything unless he works harder. (如他不努力工作,將會一事無成。)
    acquire取得,獲得,學(xué)到。如:acquire knowledge (獲得知識)
    inquire打聽,詢問。如:inquire a person’s name(問一個人的姓名)
    require需要。如:We require more help. (我們需要更多的幫助。)
    9. act, action, deed
    act 用作名詞時,與action, deed均可表“行為”,“舉動”。Act指時間較短的個人行動或行為,強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。如:The farmer caught the boys in the act of stealing his
    apples. (農(nóng)夫在孩子們正偷他的蘋果時把他們抓住了。)
    action較正式,往往指不止包含一個步驟,且持續(xù)時間較長的行為或行動,強(qiáng)調(diào)行為的過程。如:Actions are more important than words. (行動比語言更重要。)
    deed為正式用語,多指偉大的,顯著的,感人的行為。如:They thanked him for his good deeds. (他們感謝他做的好事。)
    10.actual, true, real, genuine
    actual 意為“實際的”,“現(xiàn)實的”,指所形容的事物在事實上已經(jīng)發(fā)生或存在,而不是僅在理論上可能發(fā)生或存在的。
    true“真實的”,指與實際相符,而非虛假。
    genuine “真的”,“非冒充的”,“貨真價實的”,強(qiáng)調(diào)正宗而非冒牌。