聽(tīng)力概況
在四六級(jí)考試中，聽(tīng)力部分從2006年6月起由過(guò)去20%的比例上升為35%，有消息稱，國(guó)家四六級(jí)出題委員會(huì)即將在2012年左右全面推行計(jì)算機(jī)四六級(jí)考試。其中，聽(tīng)力部分將到70%的內(nèi)容。本文來(lái)源:考試大網(wǎng)
六級(jí)聽(tīng)力題目構(gòu)成與比例
小對(duì)話： 8% 選擇題 共8道對(duì)話，每題長(zhǎng)約1分鐘
長(zhǎng)對(duì)話： 7% 選擇題 共2段對(duì)話，每段長(zhǎng)約3分鐘
聽(tīng)力短文： 10%選擇題 共3篇文章，每篇長(zhǎng)約3分鐘
復(fù)合式聽(tīng)寫(xiě)：10% 聽(tīng)寫(xiě)填空 填8個(gè)單詞和三句話，放音三遍，共計(jì)8分鐘
聽(tīng)力位于考試的卷二部分，共占全卷35%。07年六級(jí)考試改革后，聽(tīng)力考試的對(duì)話部分在以往單一短對(duì)話的基礎(chǔ)上增加了長(zhǎng)對(duì)話的內(nèi)容。其中短對(duì)話部分由原來(lái)的10題減至8題;長(zhǎng)對(duì)話有兩篇，每篇題量在3至4題一共7題;不過(guò)對(duì)話部分題目總數(shù)保持不變，還是15個(gè)。新增的長(zhǎng)對(duì)話持續(xù)時(shí)間約6分鐘，說(shuō)話者的語(yǔ)速約為150-170詞/分鐘。該部分共15題，每題計(jì)1分，共15分。總的來(lái)說(shuō)，題目的總量增加了，做題時(shí)間增加了，本身對(duì)學(xué)生是否能夠長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的集中聽(tīng)力注意力就增加了考驗(yàn)。
關(guān)于六級(jí)短文聽(tīng)力
1、結(jié)構(gòu)：三篇文章，要求考生在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最符合原文的答案。每題1分，共10分(占710分中的10%)。
2、難度：難度年年上升，考生失分的重災(zāi)區(qū)。短文部分由三篇文章構(gòu)成，內(nèi)容題材極為廣泛，不僅考察學(xué)生的理解能力，而且還有對(duì)信息的短期記憶能力和思維能力。
3、基本規(guī)則：視聽(tīng)基本一致原則(根本原則);
順序出題原則(即題目順序和文章內(nèi)容的進(jìn)展是對(duì)應(yīng)的);
首尾句原則(即首句和尾句處容易出題);
同義替換原則(選項(xiàng)的單詞和短語(yǔ)是原文中的同義或近義)
重點(diǎn)詞匯考點(diǎn)原則 (轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系詞匯、因果關(guān)系詞匯、級(jí)詞匯、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等詞匯的后方信息更容易成為答案)
例題分析：2007年12月第一篇短文聽(tīng)力
26. A)To win over the majority of passengers from airlines in twenty years.
B)To reform railroad management in western European countries.
C)To electrify the railway lines between major European cities.
D)To set up an express train network throughout Europe.
27. A)Major European airlines will go bankrupt.
B)Europeans will pay much less for traveling.
C)Traveling time by train between major European cities will be cut by half.
D)Trains will become the safest and most efficient means of travel in Europe.
28. A)Train travel will prove much more comfortable than air travel.
B)Passengers will feel much safer on board a train than on a plane.
C)Rail transport will be environmentally friendlier than air transport.
D)Traveling by train may be as quick as，or even quicker than by air.
29. A)In 1981. C)In 1990.
B)In 1989. D)In 2000.
In January 1989, the Community of European Railways presented their proposal for a high speed pan-European train network extending from Sweden to Sicily, and from Portugal to Poland by the year 2020. (第26題考點(diǎn)。注意train network在選項(xiàng)中反映)If their proposal becomes a reality, it will revolutionize train travel in Europe. Journeys between major cities will take half the time they take today.(第27題考點(diǎn)，注意half在選項(xiàng)中的反映)Brussels will be only one and a half hours from Paris. The quickest way to get from Paris to Frankfurt, from Barcelona to Madrid will be by train, not plane. When the network is complete, it will integrate three types of railway line: totally new high speed lines with trains operating at speeds of 300 kilometers per hour, upgraded lines which allow for speeds up to 200 to 225 kilometers per hour, and existing lines for local connections and distribution of freight. If businesspeople can choose between a three-hour train journey from city-center to city-center and a one-hour flight, they’ll choose the train, says an executive travel consultant. They won’t go by plane any more. If you calculate flight time, check-in and travel to-and-from the airport, you’ll find almost no difference. And if your plane arrives late due to bad weather or air traffic jams or strikes, then the train passengers will arrive at their destination first.(第28題考點(diǎn)。說(shuō)明短途的火車(chē)的優(yōu)勢(shì)大于短途的飛機(jī)。請(qǐng)注意此處strike的含義為“罷工”) Since France introduced the first 260-kilometer-per-hour high speed train service between Paris and Lyons in 1981(第29題考點(diǎn)。), the trains have achieved higher and higher speeds. On many routes, airlines have lost up to 90% of their passengers to high speed trains. If people accept the Community of European Railways’ plan, the 21 century will be the new age of the train.
26.What is the proposal presented by the Community of European Railways?
27.What will happen when the proposal becomes a reality?
28.Why will business people prefer a three-hour train journey to a one-hour flight?
29.When did France introduce the first high speed train service?
Keys：DCDA
分析：
這是一篇標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的六級(jí)短文聽(tīng)力，詞匯、主題、深度都要比四級(jí)高，但是破題方法卻如出一轍。
第26題：
本題是首題，所以當(dāng)然對(duì)應(yīng)原文的首句。除了視聽(tīng)一致的使用外，原文中的high speed pan-European train network(泛歐洲高速火車(chē)網(wǎng))被選項(xiàng)替換成了express train network throughout Europe(遍布?xì)W洲的特快列車(chē)網(wǎng)絡(luò))。這是同義替換原則的使用。Express在其他聽(tīng)力題目中還有快遞的含義，請(qǐng)注意。
第28題：來(lái)源：考試大的美女編輯們
本題目考察的是考生真正的聽(tīng)力理解能力。原文：“If you calculate flight time, check-in and travel to-and-from the airport, you’ll find almost no difference. And if your plane arrives late due to bad weather or air traffic jams or strikes, then the train passengers will arrive at their destination first.”(如果你計(jì)算航班飛行時(shí)間、辦理登機(jī)手續(xù)時(shí)間、往返機(jī)場(chǎng)時(shí)間，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)和坐火車(chē)比沒(méi)有任何區(qū)別。如果因?yàn)樘鞖?、空中航班過(guò)多或罷工而導(dǎo)致飛機(jī)遲到，火車(chē)乘客會(huì)首先到達(dá)目的地。)這個(gè)長(zhǎng)難句的意思就是說(shuō)明：短途來(lái)講，火車(chē)更有優(yōu)勢(shì)，更快。而選項(xiàng)考的就是這個(gè)分析能力。
第29題：
首先，請(qǐng)注意序數(shù)詞系列，諸如“first、last、finally”等，向來(lái)都是聽(tīng)力考試中的關(guān)鍵詞匯。它們體現(xiàn)的是事實(shí)的順序，屬于一種強(qiáng)調(diào)的用法。全文的年代詞匯只有：1989、2020和1981，又由于這已經(jīng)是最后一道題目了，所以綜合使用順序出題原則，當(dāng)然對(duì)應(yīng)最后出現(xiàn)的1981年。
在四六級(jí)考試中，聽(tīng)力部分從2006年6月起由過(guò)去20%的比例上升為35%，有消息稱，國(guó)家四六級(jí)出題委員會(huì)即將在2012年左右全面推行計(jì)算機(jī)四六級(jí)考試。其中，聽(tīng)力部分將到70%的內(nèi)容。本文來(lái)源:考試大網(wǎng)
六級(jí)聽(tīng)力題目構(gòu)成與比例
小對(duì)話： 8% 選擇題 共8道對(duì)話，每題長(zhǎng)約1分鐘
長(zhǎng)對(duì)話： 7% 選擇題 共2段對(duì)話，每段長(zhǎng)約3分鐘
聽(tīng)力短文： 10%選擇題 共3篇文章，每篇長(zhǎng)約3分鐘
復(fù)合式聽(tīng)寫(xiě)：10% 聽(tīng)寫(xiě)填空 填8個(gè)單詞和三句話，放音三遍，共計(jì)8分鐘
聽(tīng)力位于考試的卷二部分，共占全卷35%。07年六級(jí)考試改革后，聽(tīng)力考試的對(duì)話部分在以往單一短對(duì)話的基礎(chǔ)上增加了長(zhǎng)對(duì)話的內(nèi)容。其中短對(duì)話部分由原來(lái)的10題減至8題;長(zhǎng)對(duì)話有兩篇，每篇題量在3至4題一共7題;不過(guò)對(duì)話部分題目總數(shù)保持不變，還是15個(gè)。新增的長(zhǎng)對(duì)話持續(xù)時(shí)間約6分鐘，說(shuō)話者的語(yǔ)速約為150-170詞/分鐘。該部分共15題，每題計(jì)1分，共15分。總的來(lái)說(shuō)，題目的總量增加了，做題時(shí)間增加了，本身對(duì)學(xué)生是否能夠長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的集中聽(tīng)力注意力就增加了考驗(yàn)。
關(guān)于六級(jí)短文聽(tīng)力
1、結(jié)構(gòu)：三篇文章，要求考生在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最符合原文的答案。每題1分，共10分(占710分中的10%)。
2、難度：難度年年上升，考生失分的重災(zāi)區(qū)。短文部分由三篇文章構(gòu)成，內(nèi)容題材極為廣泛，不僅考察學(xué)生的理解能力，而且還有對(duì)信息的短期記憶能力和思維能力。
3、基本規(guī)則：視聽(tīng)基本一致原則(根本原則);
順序出題原則(即題目順序和文章內(nèi)容的進(jìn)展是對(duì)應(yīng)的);
首尾句原則(即首句和尾句處容易出題);
同義替換原則(選項(xiàng)的單詞和短語(yǔ)是原文中的同義或近義)
重點(diǎn)詞匯考點(diǎn)原則 (轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系詞匯、因果關(guān)系詞匯、級(jí)詞匯、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等詞匯的后方信息更容易成為答案)
例題分析：2007年12月第一篇短文聽(tīng)力
26. A)To win over the majority of passengers from airlines in twenty years.
B)To reform railroad management in western European countries.
C)To electrify the railway lines between major European cities.
D)To set up an express train network throughout Europe.
27. A)Major European airlines will go bankrupt.
B)Europeans will pay much less for traveling.
C)Traveling time by train between major European cities will be cut by half.
D)Trains will become the safest and most efficient means of travel in Europe.
28. A)Train travel will prove much more comfortable than air travel.
B)Passengers will feel much safer on board a train than on a plane.
C)Rail transport will be environmentally friendlier than air transport.
D)Traveling by train may be as quick as，or even quicker than by air.
29. A)In 1981. C)In 1990.
B)In 1989. D)In 2000.
In January 1989, the Community of European Railways presented their proposal for a high speed pan-European train network extending from Sweden to Sicily, and from Portugal to Poland by the year 2020. (第26題考點(diǎn)。注意train network在選項(xiàng)中反映)If their proposal becomes a reality, it will revolutionize train travel in Europe. Journeys between major cities will take half the time they take today.(第27題考點(diǎn)，注意half在選項(xiàng)中的反映)Brussels will be only one and a half hours from Paris. The quickest way to get from Paris to Frankfurt, from Barcelona to Madrid will be by train, not plane. When the network is complete, it will integrate three types of railway line: totally new high speed lines with trains operating at speeds of 300 kilometers per hour, upgraded lines which allow for speeds up to 200 to 225 kilometers per hour, and existing lines for local connections and distribution of freight. If businesspeople can choose between a three-hour train journey from city-center to city-center and a one-hour flight, they’ll choose the train, says an executive travel consultant. They won’t go by plane any more. If you calculate flight time, check-in and travel to-and-from the airport, you’ll find almost no difference. And if your plane arrives late due to bad weather or air traffic jams or strikes, then the train passengers will arrive at their destination first.(第28題考點(diǎn)。說(shuō)明短途的火車(chē)的優(yōu)勢(shì)大于短途的飛機(jī)。請(qǐng)注意此處strike的含義為“罷工”) Since France introduced the first 260-kilometer-per-hour high speed train service between Paris and Lyons in 1981(第29題考點(diǎn)。), the trains have achieved higher and higher speeds. On many routes, airlines have lost up to 90% of their passengers to high speed trains. If people accept the Community of European Railways’ plan, the 21 century will be the new age of the train.
26.What is the proposal presented by the Community of European Railways?
27.What will happen when the proposal becomes a reality?
28.Why will business people prefer a three-hour train journey to a one-hour flight?
29.When did France introduce the first high speed train service?
Keys：DCDA
分析：
這是一篇標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的六級(jí)短文聽(tīng)力，詞匯、主題、深度都要比四級(jí)高，但是破題方法卻如出一轍。
第26題：
本題是首題，所以當(dāng)然對(duì)應(yīng)原文的首句。除了視聽(tīng)一致的使用外，原文中的high speed pan-European train network(泛歐洲高速火車(chē)網(wǎng))被選項(xiàng)替換成了express train network throughout Europe(遍布?xì)W洲的特快列車(chē)網(wǎng)絡(luò))。這是同義替換原則的使用。Express在其他聽(tīng)力題目中還有快遞的含義，請(qǐng)注意。
第28題：來(lái)源：考試大的美女編輯們
本題目考察的是考生真正的聽(tīng)力理解能力。原文：“If you calculate flight time, check-in and travel to-and-from the airport, you’ll find almost no difference. And if your plane arrives late due to bad weather or air traffic jams or strikes, then the train passengers will arrive at their destination first.”(如果你計(jì)算航班飛行時(shí)間、辦理登機(jī)手續(xù)時(shí)間、往返機(jī)場(chǎng)時(shí)間，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)和坐火車(chē)比沒(méi)有任何區(qū)別。如果因?yàn)樘鞖?、空中航班過(guò)多或罷工而導(dǎo)致飛機(jī)遲到，火車(chē)乘客會(huì)首先到達(dá)目的地。)這個(gè)長(zhǎng)難句的意思就是說(shuō)明：短途來(lái)講，火車(chē)更有優(yōu)勢(shì)，更快。而選項(xiàng)考的就是這個(gè)分析能力。
第29題：
首先，請(qǐng)注意序數(shù)詞系列，諸如“first、last、finally”等，向來(lái)都是聽(tīng)力考試中的關(guān)鍵詞匯。它們體現(xiàn)的是事實(shí)的順序，屬于一種強(qiáng)調(diào)的用法。全文的年代詞匯只有：1989、2020和1981，又由于這已經(jīng)是最后一道題目了，所以綜合使用順序出題原則，當(dāng)然對(duì)應(yīng)最后出現(xiàn)的1981年。