1．前置定語(yǔ)
98年 71) But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句. But even more important是整個(gè)句子的狀語(yǔ)，it was the farthest是主句，that scientists had been able to look into the past是修飾the farthest的定語(yǔ)從句，for引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句（參見(jiàn)1995年71題），在這個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句中，what they were seeing是主語(yǔ)從句，were the patterns and structures是狀語(yǔ)從句中的系表結(jié)構(gòu)，that existed…是修飾名詞patterns and structures的定語(yǔ)從句。
譯文： 但更為重要的是，這是科學(xué)家們所能觀察到的最遙遠(yuǎn)的過(guò)去的景象，因?yàn)樗麄兛吹降氖?50億年前宇宙云的形狀和結(jié)構(gòu)。
02年 64)They are the possessions of the autonomous (self-governing) man of traditional theory, and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements.
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。主句是由兩個(gè)并列的分句構(gòu)成的：They are…, and they are；in which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾practices，其中is held responsible for … and given credit for …并列做定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)，given前面省略了助動(dòng)詞is。
譯文： 自由和尊嚴(yán)（它們）是傳統(tǒng)理論定義的自主人所擁有的，是要求一個(gè)人對(duì)自己的行為負(fù)責(zé)并因其業(yè)績(jī)而給予肯定的必不可少的前提。
它們（自由和尊嚴(yán)）對(duì)于那種要求個(gè)人對(duì)自己的行為負(fù)責(zé)并因?yàn)槠錁I(yè)績(jī)而受到贊揚(yáng)的做法來(lái)說(shuō)，是必不可少的。
98年 71) But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句. But even more important是整個(gè)句子的狀語(yǔ)，it was the farthest是主句，that scientists had been able to look into the past是修飾the farthest的定語(yǔ)從句，for引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句（參見(jiàn)1995年71題），在這個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句中，what they were seeing是主語(yǔ)從句，were the patterns and structures是狀語(yǔ)從句中的系表結(jié)構(gòu)，that existed…是修飾名詞patterns and structures的定語(yǔ)從句。
譯文： 但更為重要的是，這是科學(xué)家們所能觀察到的最遙遠(yuǎn)的過(guò)去的景象，因?yàn)樗麄兛吹降氖?50億年前宇宙云的形狀和結(jié)構(gòu)。
02年 64)They are the possessions of the autonomous (self-governing) man of traditional theory, and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements.
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。主句是由兩個(gè)并列的分句構(gòu)成的：They are…, and they are；in which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾practices，其中is held responsible for … and given credit for …并列做定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)，given前面省略了助動(dòng)詞is。
譯文： 自由和尊嚴(yán)（它們）是傳統(tǒng)理論定義的自主人所擁有的，是要求一個(gè)人對(duì)自己的行為負(fù)責(zé)并因其業(yè)績(jī)而給予肯定的必不可少的前提。
它們（自由和尊嚴(yán)）對(duì)于那種要求個(gè)人對(duì)自己的行為負(fù)責(zé)并因?yàn)槠錁I(yè)績(jī)而受到贊揚(yáng)的做法來(lái)說(shuō)，是必不可少的。