2011年考研英語(yǔ)備考之“7選5”選擇題攻略

英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)是長(zhǎng)期的慢工夫，要注重慢慢積累，厚積薄發(fā)。因此，無(wú)論何時(shí)何地，只要有機(jī)會(huì)，我們隨時(shí)隨地都應(yīng)留心身邊的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象。當(dāng)搭乘公交的時(shí)候，我們看到的是“Please get off at the front or rear door”(請(qǐng)?jiān)谇昂箝T下車)，后門是“rear door”，而并非想象的“back door”;去銀行辦理業(yè)務(wù)，匆匆一瞥“Industrial and commercial Bank of China”，我們學(xué)到的是“industry”(工業(yè))和“commerce”(商業(yè))的形容詞形式;早上吃早餐的時(shí)候，咸菜袋子上印著“pickle”(榨菜)和“ingredient”(配料)……像這樣日積月累，我們能“pick up”(偶然獲得)很多重要的英語(yǔ)詞匯和語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象，不僅豐富了詞匯量和鞏固加深了理解，而且增強(qiáng)了自己英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的興趣和信心。大家不妨試試這種方法寓學(xué)于樂(lè)，寓學(xué)于生活的點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴，對(duì)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)相當(dāng)有效。
    英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的另外一個(gè)重要方面就是要利用一切可用的機(jī)會(huì)“用”英語(yǔ)。碰到老外問(wèn)路，為什么我們不向他(她)秀秀你即使是“蹩腳”的口語(yǔ)呢?和老外坐在同一張桌子上吃飯，為什么我們不和他(她)從“It is a nice day”開(kāi)始聊起呢?National Geographic (美國(guó)《國(guó)家地理》雜志)在世界范圍內(nèi)征集稿件，為什么我們不把身邊的故事寫(xiě)下來(lái)發(fā)給它的編輯呢?如此等等。這樣長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，自從第一次開(kāi)口向老外“say hello”(問(wèn)好)和自己的英語(yǔ)處女作發(fā)表在英文報(bào)刊雜志上，你一定會(huì)想到第二次，第三次……慢慢地，你的聽(tīng)說(shuō)讀寫(xiě)能力都會(huì)在不經(jīng)意間提高，反過(guò)來(lái)，通過(guò)你實(shí)際“用”英語(yǔ)，你也會(huì)感覺(jué)到英語(yǔ)成了你生活中必不可少的工具，你是在“玩”英語(yǔ)，你眼中的英語(yǔ)也不再是干癟癟的文字，也不再是“啞巴”英語(yǔ)和“聾子”英語(yǔ)，同樣也刺激了你更進(jìn)一步深入地學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。
    英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)還需要用你飽滿的熱情去體驗(yàn)英語(yǔ)給你的感受。和漢語(yǔ)一樣，英語(yǔ)也是一種博大精深的語(yǔ)言，當(dāng)一種語(yǔ)言文字連綴成段落或者篇章的時(shí)候，它們往往是言志的——即為了說(shuō)明一種道理或者表達(dá)一種思想情感等等。當(dāng)我們讀到“關(guān)關(guān)雎鳩，在河之洲。窈窕淑女，君子好逑”的時(shí)候，腦海里閃現(xiàn)出一個(gè)深情的男子對(duì)貌美的女子的渴慕之情。因此，對(duì)于英語(yǔ)的名家名篇，跨考心一老師強(qiáng)烈建議廣大考生除了背誦它，有機(jī)會(huì)還要在心里揣摩它的內(nèi)在含義，說(shuō)通俗點(diǎn)就是read between the lines(理解字里行間的蘊(yùn)涵意義)。這樣以來(lái)，無(wú)論對(duì)于我們的英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作，還是對(duì)于我們?nèi)粘Ｓ⒄Z(yǔ)的即興口語(yǔ)表達(dá)都很有作用。下面這首Lord Byron (拜倫)的詩(shī)提供給大家，按照心一所說(shuō)的方法去體驗(yàn)英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)言魅力：There is a pleasure in the pathless woods;/There is a rapture on the lonely shore;/There is society, where none intrudes,/By the deep sea, and music:/I love not man the less, but Nature more.(參考譯文：無(wú)徑之林，常有情趣;無(wú)人之岸，幾多驚喜;岸畔崖間，鼓浪為樂(lè);無(wú)人駐足，是為桃源)。
    對(duì)于廣大考生而言，除了善于在日常生活中要注意英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)，還必須掌握適當(dāng)?shù)膽?yīng)試技巧。全國(guó)碩士研究生入學(xué)考試自從2005年1月開(kāi)始在英語(yǔ)試題中出現(xiàn)一種新題型，篇幅長(zhǎng)度在500字左右，文中有5個(gè)句子空缺，文后有7個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)，要求從7個(gè)順序錯(cuò)亂的選擇項(xiàng)中選出5個(gè)合適在文中空白處的句子，因此這種題目又叫做“7選5”句子選擇題，每題賦分2分，和閱讀理解部分的每小題賦分相當(dāng)，這在一定程度上也說(shuō)明了出題者對(duì)這種題型的重視，考生也應(yīng)高度重視。
    這種新題型考查考生在語(yǔ)篇角度上對(duì)全文脈絡(luò)的把握，能有效地測(cè)試考生語(yǔ)意連貫性和對(duì)行文思路的把握程度，它需要考生對(duì)上下文意思準(zhǔn)確理解后，從大意的角度進(jìn)行迅速匹配，看似簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)則不易，因此倍受出題者青睞。從考生角度，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這種題型不是單純考察一個(gè)語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)或某一個(gè)語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象，而是針對(duì)英文行文的連貫性對(duì)考生進(jìn)行英語(yǔ)水平測(cè)試，要求考生有很好的“語(yǔ)感”，能夠“既見(jiàn)樹(shù)木又見(jiàn)森林”，從考生答題的情況來(lái)看，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)考生對(duì)這種題目的解答極不理想，往往一個(gè)選錯(cuò)導(dǎo)致“全軍覆沒(méi)”，很多考生一拿到這樣的題目就被文章支離破碎的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)弄得“云里霧里”不知所云，再看看增加的干擾項(xiàng)和順序錯(cuò)亂的選擇項(xiàng)更加心煩意亂，考場(chǎng)上時(shí)間緊迫，很多考生“看花了眼”，匆匆“大筆一揮”了事。針對(duì)這種現(xiàn)象，下面以2007年3月份的中國(guó)科學(xué)院博士研究生入學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試題(保留試題題號(hào)，有些詞語(yǔ)的中文釋義為作者所加)為例，針對(duì)這種類型的題目做了一些剖析，總結(jié)了三個(gè)實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)，幫助正在準(zhǔn)備碩士研究生英語(yǔ)考試的考生順利攻克難關(guān)。
    The Bush crowd bristles(發(fā)怒) at the use of the “Q-word” – quagmire(沼澤) - to describe American involvement in Iraq. But with our soldiers fighting and dying with no end in sight, who can deny that Mr. Bush has gotten us into “a situation from which extrication(救出，解脫) is very difficult,” which is a standard definition of quagmire?
    More than 1,730 American troops have already died in Iraq.__66__.She was one of six service members, including four women, who were killed when a suicide bomber struck their convoy in Falluja last week.
    With evidence mounting that U.S. troop strength in Iraq was inadequate, Mr. Bush told reporters at the White House, “There are some who feel that the conditions are such that they can attack us there. My answer is, Bring 'em on.”
    __67_ . A New Jersey Democrat, was quoted in The Washington Post as saying: “I am shaking my head in disbelief. When I served in the Army in Europe during World War II, I never heard any military commander - let alone the commander in chief - invite enemies to attack U.S. troops.”
    __68__.“We've learned that Iraqis are courageous and that they need additional skills,” said Mr. Bush in his television address. “And that is why a major part of our mission is to train them so they can do the fighting, and then our troops can come home.”
    Don't hold your breath. __69__.
    Whether one agreed with the launch of this war or not - and I did not - the troops doing the fighting deserve to be guided by leaders in Washington who are at least minimally competent at waging war.__70__.
    A. It was an immature display of street-corner machismo that appalled(驚駭)people familiar with the agonizing ordeals(嚴(yán)酷的考驗(yàn)) of combat.
    B. The American death toll in Iraq at that point was about 200,but it was clear that a vicious opposition was developing.
    C.This is another example of the administration's inability to distinguish between a strategy and a wish.
    DSome were little more than children when they signed up(簽約雇用) for the armed forces, like Ramona Valdez, who grew up in the Bronx and was just 17 when she joined the Marines.
    E.The latest fantasy out of Washington is that American-trained Iraqi forces will ultimately be able to do what the American forces have not: defeat the insurgency and pacify Iraq
    F.That has not been the case, which is why we can expect to remain stuck in this tragic quagmire for the foreseeable future.“
    上面這段文字摘自網(wǎng)站上一名美國(guó)議員針對(duì)駐伊美軍發(fā)表的個(gè)人看法，言辭犀利，直中要害。文章的第一句話點(diǎn)題，后文節(jié)節(jié)展開(kāi)，句式和文字都有一定的難度，要做好該題并不容易。