2010年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試常用語(yǔ)法精選(四)
其他問(wèn)題
書名, 國(guó)家名用單數(shù):
Tales from Shakespeare is a book by Charles Lamb.
學(xué)科名, 如mathematics, economics用單數(shù).
many a 或more than one 所修飾的詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用單數(shù)形式:
Many a person has had that kind of experience.
More than one person has involved in the case.
a number of 后接復(fù)數(shù), the number of后接單數(shù):
A number of books have been published on the subject.
The number of books published on the subject is simply amazing.
one of those 后用單數(shù). 在“one of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 +關(guān)系分句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，關(guān)系分句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式在一般情況下有兩形式，一是根據(jù)先行詞采用復(fù)數(shù)形式：
Joan is one of those people who go out of their way to be helpful.
當(dāng)one 之前友the only 等限定詞和修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系分句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)one 而定，即采用單數(shù)形式：
He is the only one of those boys who is willing to take on another assignment.
Ⅱ 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
不定式
形式
完成式: 不定式的一般形式所表示的動(dòng)作, 通常與主要謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作(狀態(tài))同時(shí)(或幾乎同時(shí))發(fā)生, 或是在它之后發(fā)生. 假如不定式所表示的動(dòng)作, 在謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作(狀態(tài))之前發(fā)生, 就要用不定式的完成式.
I am glad to have seen your mother (= I am glad I have seen your mother).
(比較: I am glad to see you.)
He is said to have written a new book about workers.
He pretended not to have seen me.
進(jìn)行式: 如果主要謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作(狀態(tài))發(fā)生時(shí), 不定式表示的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行, 這時(shí)要用不定式的進(jìn)行式.
You are not supposed to be working. You haven’t quite recovered yet.
We didn’t expect you to be waiting for us here.
He pretended to be listening attentively.
完成進(jìn)行式: 在謂語(yǔ)所表示的時(shí)間之前一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作, 就要用不定式的完成進(jìn)行式.
The struggle was known to have been going for twenty years.
We are happy to have been working with you.
其他問(wèn)題
書名, 國(guó)家名用單數(shù):
Tales from Shakespeare is a book by Charles Lamb.
學(xué)科名, 如mathematics, economics用單數(shù).
many a 或more than one 所修飾的詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用單數(shù)形式:
Many a person has had that kind of experience.
More than one person has involved in the case.
a number of 后接復(fù)數(shù), the number of后接單數(shù):
A number of books have been published on the subject.
The number of books published on the subject is simply amazing.
one of those 后用單數(shù). 在“one of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 +關(guān)系分句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，關(guān)系分句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式在一般情況下有兩形式，一是根據(jù)先行詞采用復(fù)數(shù)形式：
Joan is one of those people who go out of their way to be helpful.
當(dāng)one 之前友the only 等限定詞和修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系分句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)one 而定，即采用單數(shù)形式：
He is the only one of those boys who is willing to take on another assignment.
Ⅱ 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
不定式
形式
完成式: 不定式的一般形式所表示的動(dòng)作, 通常與主要謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作(狀態(tài))同時(shí)(或幾乎同時(shí))發(fā)生, 或是在它之后發(fā)生. 假如不定式所表示的動(dòng)作, 在謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作(狀態(tài))之前發(fā)生, 就要用不定式的完成式.
I am glad to have seen your mother (= I am glad I have seen your mother).
(比較: I am glad to see you.)
He is said to have written a new book about workers.
He pretended not to have seen me.
進(jìn)行式: 如果主要謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作(狀態(tài))發(fā)生時(shí), 不定式表示的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行, 這時(shí)要用不定式的進(jìn)行式.
You are not supposed to be working. You haven’t quite recovered yet.
We didn’t expect you to be waiting for us here.
He pretended to be listening attentively.
完成進(jìn)行式: 在謂語(yǔ)所表示的時(shí)間之前一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作, 就要用不定式的完成進(jìn)行式.
The struggle was known to have been going for twenty years.
We are happy to have been working with you.