歷年考研英語真題長難句解析(六)

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16.When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankind''s instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.
    句子主干:When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is…instinct…, an instinct that should be…
    語法難點:以冒號為界,將全句分成兩個復(fù)合句。
    前面的復(fù)合句里,時間狀語從句when that happens敘述的是前一句to see…的情形的出現(xiàn)。That修飾這種行為,主句表明這種行為并不錯。冒號后面的復(fù)合句解釋為什么。這里有一個that從句,作instinct的定語。
    句子翻譯:這種反應(yīng)并不錯,這是人類用道德觀念進行推理的本能在起作用,這種本能應(yīng)得到鼓勵而不應(yīng)遭到嘲弄。
    翻譯技巧:將that,it等代詞具體化,使譯文表達明確;reasoning不能譯成原因,而應(yīng)譯為推理,推論;in action不能譯成在行動中,而譯成在起作用,action在此是作用,性能的意思;翻譯被動語態(tài)時,使用得到,遭到等,使譯文流暢自然
    17.The Aswan Dam, for example stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left - all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.
    句子主干:The Aswan Dam, …stopped the Nile flooding…but…
    語法難點:有插入語。
    for example是個插入結(jié)構(gòu),不是句子的主要成分。but后面省略了the Aswan Dam.注意so…that…結(jié)構(gòu),是如此……以至于的意思。
    句子翻譯:以阿斯旺大壩為例,它擋住了尼羅河的洪水,但也使埃及失去了洪水沖積的肥沃土壤,換回來的卻是一個病態(tài)的大水庫。現(xiàn)在水庫積滿泥沙,幾乎不能用于發(fā)電了。
    翻譯技巧:the Nile是尼羅河。All in return意思是換回來的全部則是.
    18.The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend.
    句子主干:The trouble is that…is due to …, and so is not …
    語法難點:有套和從句。
    the trouble is that…是表語從句結(jié)構(gòu)。后一個that引導(dǎo)的是修飾rebound的定語從句。
    句子翻譯:問題在于,近期的增長一定程度上是因為商業(yè)運作周期漲落的結(jié)果,因此還不能得出經(jīng)濟已經(jīng)呈現(xiàn)復(fù)蘇態(tài)勢這一結(jié)論。
    翻譯技巧:part of the recent acceleration不可譯為一部分的最近的加速,而是最近加速部分是由于.business cycle是指商業(yè)周期.