19.New ways of organizing the workplace all that reengineering and downsizing - are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training.
句子主干：New ways of …workplace…are only one contribution to…, which is…, and…
語法難點(diǎn)：有插入語。
兩個(gè)破折號中間的成分為插入結(jié)構(gòu)，可以視為括號里面的內(nèi)容。Such as后面的內(nèi)容是對many other factors的列舉。在閱讀的時(shí)候基本可以跳過不看，除非后面有細(xì)節(jié)題考查這里的內(nèi)容。
句子翻譯：組織工作場所的新方法——包括機(jī)構(gòu)重組和縮小規(guī)?！皇谴龠M(jìn)某個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)體的綜合生產(chǎn)率提高的一項(xiàng)措施，還有其他許多因素促進(jìn)生產(chǎn)率的提高，比如對機(jī)械設(shè)備的聯(lián)合投資、采用新技術(shù)、對教育培訓(xùn)投資等。
翻譯技巧：all that 這一切包括
overall productivity 綜合生產(chǎn)力水平
Joint investment 聯(lián)合投資
Drive 驅(qū)動(dòng)
20.His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied re engineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long term profitability.
句子主干：His colleague, …, says that…,chopping out costs without giving…
語法難點(diǎn)：有省略。chopping out costs without giving sufficient …分句是非限定性定語從句。修飾的是前一分句的整體意思。without后面要跟現(xiàn)在分詞giving.
句子翻譯：他的同時(shí)邁克爾。比爾說，為數(shù)眾多的公司以簡單機(jī)械的方式進(jìn)行機(jī)構(gòu)重組，降低了成本，但卻未能充分考慮長期贏利。
翻譯技巧：
far too many 太多的（比實(shí)際需要）
re-engineering in a mechanistic fashion 以簡單機(jī)械的方式
chop out 削減
句子主干：New ways of …workplace…are only one contribution to…, which is…, and…
語法難點(diǎn)：有插入語。
兩個(gè)破折號中間的成分為插入結(jié)構(gòu)，可以視為括號里面的內(nèi)容。Such as后面的內(nèi)容是對many other factors的列舉。在閱讀的時(shí)候基本可以跳過不看，除非后面有細(xì)節(jié)題考查這里的內(nèi)容。
句子翻譯：組織工作場所的新方法——包括機(jī)構(gòu)重組和縮小規(guī)?！皇谴龠M(jìn)某個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)體的綜合生產(chǎn)率提高的一項(xiàng)措施，還有其他許多因素促進(jìn)生產(chǎn)率的提高，比如對機(jī)械設(shè)備的聯(lián)合投資、采用新技術(shù)、對教育培訓(xùn)投資等。
翻譯技巧：all that 這一切包括
overall productivity 綜合生產(chǎn)力水平
Joint investment 聯(lián)合投資
Drive 驅(qū)動(dòng)
20.His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied re engineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long term profitability.
句子主干：His colleague, …, says that…,chopping out costs without giving…
語法難點(diǎn)：有省略。chopping out costs without giving sufficient …分句是非限定性定語從句。修飾的是前一分句的整體意思。without后面要跟現(xiàn)在分詞giving.
句子翻譯：他的同時(shí)邁克爾。比爾說，為數(shù)眾多的公司以簡單機(jī)械的方式進(jìn)行機(jī)構(gòu)重組，降低了成本，但卻未能充分考慮長期贏利。
翻譯技巧：
far too many 太多的（比實(shí)際需要）
re-engineering in a mechanistic fashion 以簡單機(jī)械的方式
chop out 削減