①所有的不及物動詞或不及物動詞詞組不能用于被動語態(tài)之中.
②表示狀態(tài)的謂語動詞,如:last、hold、benefit、contain、equal、fit、join、mean、last、look like、consist to等.
③表示歸屬的動詞,如have、own、belong to等.
④表示"希望、意圖"的動詞,如:wish、want、hope、like、love、hate等.
⑤賓語是反身代詞或相互代詞時謂語動詞用主動語態(tài),不能用被動語態(tài).
⑥賓語是同源賓語,不定式、動名詞等謂語動詞不用被動語態(tài).
⑦有些動詞以其主動形式表示被動意義,特別是當(dāng)主語是物時,常見的動詞有sell、write、wash、open、lock等.
(3)主動形式表被動意義.
①當(dāng)feel、look、smell、taste、sound等后面接形容詞時;當(dāng)cut、read、sell、wear、write等詞帶狀語修飾語時;當(dāng)動詞表示"開始、結(jié)束、關(guān)、停、轉(zhuǎn)、啟動"等意義時.
This kind of cloth washes easily.這種布易洗.
These novels won't sell well.這些小說不暢銷.
My pen writes smoothly.我的鋼筆寫起來很流暢.
The door won't lock.門鎖不上.
The fish smells good.魚聞起來香.
②當(dāng)break out、take place、shut off、turn off、work out等動詞表示"發(fā)生、關(guān)閉、制定"等意思時.
The plan worked out successfully.
The lamps on the wall turn off.
③want, require, need后面的動名詞用主動表示被動含義.
④be worth doing用主動形式表示被動含義.
⑤在"be + 形容詞 + to do"中,不定式的邏輯賓語是句子的主語,用主動代被動.
This kind of water isn't fit to drink.
The girl isn't easy to get along with.
另外:be to blame(受譴責(zé)),be to rent(出租)也用主動形式表被動.
②表示狀態(tài)的謂語動詞,如:last、hold、benefit、contain、equal、fit、join、mean、last、look like、consist to等.
③表示歸屬的動詞,如have、own、belong to等.
④表示"希望、意圖"的動詞,如:wish、want、hope、like、love、hate等.
⑤賓語是反身代詞或相互代詞時謂語動詞用主動語態(tài),不能用被動語態(tài).
⑥賓語是同源賓語,不定式、動名詞等謂語動詞不用被動語態(tài).
⑦有些動詞以其主動形式表示被動意義,特別是當(dāng)主語是物時,常見的動詞有sell、write、wash、open、lock等.
(3)主動形式表被動意義.
①當(dāng)feel、look、smell、taste、sound等后面接形容詞時;當(dāng)cut、read、sell、wear、write等詞帶狀語修飾語時;當(dāng)動詞表示"開始、結(jié)束、關(guān)、停、轉(zhuǎn)、啟動"等意義時.
This kind of cloth washes easily.這種布易洗.
These novels won't sell well.這些小說不暢銷.
My pen writes smoothly.我的鋼筆寫起來很流暢.
The door won't lock.門鎖不上.
The fish smells good.魚聞起來香.
②當(dāng)break out、take place、shut off、turn off、work out等動詞表示"發(fā)生、關(guān)閉、制定"等意思時.
The plan worked out successfully.
The lamps on the wall turn off.
③want, require, need后面的動名詞用主動表示被動含義.
④be worth doing用主動形式表示被動含義.
⑤在"be + 形容詞 + to do"中,不定式的邏輯賓語是句子的主語,用主動代被動.
This kind of water isn't fit to drink.
The girl isn't easy to get along with.
另外:be to blame(受譴責(zé)),be to rent(出租)也用主動形式表被動.