2010年職稱英語考試:重點語法精講(16)

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1) 分詞或分詞短語作狀語時,可以表示時間、原因、讓步、條件、方式或伴隨狀況.通常可轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的狀語從句;表示方式或伴隨狀況的可以轉(zhuǎn)換成并列句或非限制性定語從
    句.例如:
    Confined to bed (= Because she was confined to bed), she needed to be waited on in everything.
    她臥病在床,什么事都需要人伺候.(作原因狀語)
    Having only book knowledge (= If you only have book knowledge), you will not be
    able to work well.
    如果只有書本知識,你就不可能做好工作.(作條件狀語)
    They stood there waiting for the bus. (=They stood there and waited for the bus.)
    他們站在那里等公共汽車.(作方式狀語)
    2) 現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作狀語時的用法比較
    不管是現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞作狀語,如果單獨作狀語,其邏輯主語必須和主句的主語一致.分詞作狀語通??梢赞D(zhuǎn)換成一個相應(yīng)的狀語從句,如果狀語從句中的謂語動詞為被動結(jié)構(gòu),就用過去分詞;如果狀語從句中的謂語動詞為主動結(jié)構(gòu),就用現(xiàn)在分詞.有時為了強調(diào),分詞前可帶連詞when, while, if, though, as if, unless等一起作狀語,以便使句子的
    意思更清楚、更連貫.例如:
    Working hard (If you work hard), you will succeed.
    如果你努力,你會成功的.
    Defeated (= Though he was defeated), he remained a popular boxer.
    雖然他被擊敗了,但他仍然是一個受人喜愛的拳擊手.