一、while用作名詞時(shí),意為“一段時(shí)間,一會(huì)兒”。例如:
I stayed there for a short while.
(我在那兒呆了一小會(huì)兒。)
The postman came a shortwhileago.
(郵遞員剛剛來(lái)過(guò)。)
二、while用作連詞時(shí),有以下幾種含義:
1.意為“當(dāng)……時(shí)候,和……同時(shí)”,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。例如:
While I was watching TV,the bell rang.
(我看電視時(shí),鈴響了。)
Meimei watched TV while she ate her supper.
(梅梅邊吃晚飯邊看電視。)
2.意為“雖然,盡管”,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。例如:
While it was late,he went on working.
(雖然很晚了,但他還在繼續(xù)工作。)
While he is in poor health,he works hard.
(雖然他身體不好,但他還是努力工作。)
3.連接兩個(gè)并列句子,表示“對(duì)比”關(guān)系。例如:
He went out for a walk,while I stayed at home.
(他出去散步了,而我卻呆在家里。)
I like singing while she likes dancing.
(我喜歡唱歌,而她喜歡跳舞。)
You like sports,while I prefer music.
(你喜歡體育,而我更喜歡音樂。)
三、while引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn):
1.while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句既可放在句首,也可放在句末;而while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句一般放在句首,不放在句末。另外,也可以從意義上加以區(qū)分。例如:
While he was tired,he went on working.
(雖然他累了,但他還是繼續(xù)工作。)
(while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句)
While he was tired,he would have a rest.
(他累了就休息一會(huì)兒。)
(while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)
2.while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),如果從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同,那么從句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be都可以省略。例如:
While he was ill,he went there.(=While ill,he went there.)
(雖然他有病,但他還是去那里了。)
3.while和when都可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,但應(yīng)注意:while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞;而when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞既可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,也可以是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí),while和when可以互相替換。例如:
While we were talking,the teacher came in.
(我們正在談話時(shí),老師進(jìn)來(lái)了。)
The bus had lef twhen we arrived at the bus stop.
(當(dāng)我們到達(dá)車站時(shí),公共汽車已經(jīng)開走了。)
(arrive是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,因此,此句中的when不能用while替換。)
When/While we were having a meeting,our teacher came in.
(我們正在開會(huì)時(shí),老師走了進(jìn)來(lái)。)
(have是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,因此,句中的when可以用while替換。)
4.while引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句還可以表示“某個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行的同時(shí),另一個(gè)動(dòng)作也在進(jìn)行之中”。例如:
While the teacher was speaking,the students were listening.
(老師講課時(shí),學(xué)生們?cè)诼?。?BR> While he was writing,I was reading.
I stayed there for a short while.
(我在那兒呆了一小會(huì)兒。)
The postman came a shortwhileago.
(郵遞員剛剛來(lái)過(guò)。)
二、while用作連詞時(shí),有以下幾種含義:
1.意為“當(dāng)……時(shí)候,和……同時(shí)”,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。例如:
While I was watching TV,the bell rang.
(我看電視時(shí),鈴響了。)
Meimei watched TV while she ate her supper.
(梅梅邊吃晚飯邊看電視。)
2.意為“雖然,盡管”,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。例如:
While it was late,he went on working.
(雖然很晚了,但他還在繼續(xù)工作。)
While he is in poor health,he works hard.
(雖然他身體不好,但他還是努力工作。)
3.連接兩個(gè)并列句子,表示“對(duì)比”關(guān)系。例如:
He went out for a walk,while I stayed at home.
(他出去散步了,而我卻呆在家里。)
I like singing while she likes dancing.
(我喜歡唱歌,而她喜歡跳舞。)
You like sports,while I prefer music.
(你喜歡體育,而我更喜歡音樂。)
三、while引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn):
1.while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句既可放在句首,也可放在句末;而while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句一般放在句首,不放在句末。另外,也可以從意義上加以區(qū)分。例如:
While he was tired,he went on working.
(雖然他累了,但他還是繼續(xù)工作。)
(while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句)
While he was tired,he would have a rest.
(他累了就休息一會(huì)兒。)
(while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)
2.while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),如果從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同,那么從句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be都可以省略。例如:
While he was ill,he went there.(=While ill,he went there.)
(雖然他有病,但他還是去那里了。)
3.while和when都可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,但應(yīng)注意:while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞;而when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞既可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,也可以是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí),while和when可以互相替換。例如:
While we were talking,the teacher came in.
(我們正在談話時(shí),老師進(jìn)來(lái)了。)
The bus had lef twhen we arrived at the bus stop.
(當(dāng)我們到達(dá)車站時(shí),公共汽車已經(jīng)開走了。)
(arrive是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,因此,此句中的when不能用while替換。)
When/While we were having a meeting,our teacher came in.
(我們正在開會(huì)時(shí),老師走了進(jìn)來(lái)。)
(have是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,因此,句中的when可以用while替換。)
4.while引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句還可以表示“某個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行的同時(shí),另一個(gè)動(dòng)作也在進(jìn)行之中”。例如:
While the teacher was speaking,the students were listening.
(老師講課時(shí),學(xué)生們?cè)诼?。?BR> While he was writing,I was reading.