1、Paradoxically, England’s colonization of North America was ----- by its success: the increasing prosperity of the colonies diminished their dependence upon, and hence their loyalty to, their home country.
A, demonstrated
B, determined
C, altered
D, undermined
E, distinguished
paradoxically: adv.1.似非而是地，佯謬地 2.自相矛盾地 3.悖理地，反常地
colonization: n.殖民統(tǒng)治
prosperity: n.興旺，繁榮昌盛
loyalty: n.忠誠
demonstrate: v.1.論證，證明 2.說明，教 3.顯示，表露
alter: v.改變，改動，使變樣
矛盾的是，英國在北美的殖民統(tǒng)治反而由于它的成功而遭到削弱：諸殖民地的日益繁榮減少了它們對其宗主國的依賴，因而亦減少了它們對它的忠誠。
2、Although Harry, Stack Sullivan is one of the most influential social scientists of this century, his ideas are now so ----- in our society that they seem almost --------.
A, novel.. antiquated
B, revolutionary.. fundamental
C, commonplace .. banal
D, disputed.. esoteric
E, obscure.. familiar
【翻譯】雖然哈利·斯塔克·沙利文是本世紀(jì)影響的社會科學(xué)家之一但是現(xiàn)在看來，他的思想在我們的社會中顯得如此普通平凡，以致于幾近平庸。
3、Her first concert appearance was disappointingly perfunctory and derivative, rather than the--------performance in the -------style we had anticipated.
A, talented.. tenuous
B, prosaic.. classic
C, artistic.. mechanical
D, inspired.. innovative
E, literal.. enlightened
perfunctory: a.敷衍了事的，馬虎的，得過且過的
derivative: a.1.派生的，衍生的 2.缺乏獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的，模仿他人的
tenuous: a.1.細(xì)的，薄的 2.稀薄的，脆弱的
prosaic: a.1.散文的 2.平凡的，乏味的
inspired: a.受神靈啟示的，在靈感支配下的
literal: a.1.逐字的，照字面的，原義的 2.只講究實(shí)際的，缺乏想象力的，刻板的，如實(shí)的
enlightened: a.開明的，有知識的，文明的
她的首場音樂會演出令人失望地顯得敷衍了事，且有模仿他人之嫌，而不是我們所期待的那種靈感迸發(fā)的演出和令人耳目一新的風(fēng)格。
4、As is often the case with collections of lectures by ------ authors, the book as a whole is ------, although the individual contributions are outstanding in themselves.
A, different.. disconnected
B, incompetent.. abysmal
C, famous.. systematic
D, mediocre.. unexciting
E, various.. coherent
contribution: n.(投給報(bào)刊等的)稿件，文搞
incompetent: a.不稱職的不勝任的
abysmal: a.深不可測的，無底的，極度的
對于那些由不同的作者的演講錄編輯而成的集子來說，常有的情形是，整本書會顯得雜亂無章，盡管單獨(dú)的稿件就其本身而言可謂很出色。
5、Although some consider forcefulness and ------- to be two traits desirable to the same degree, I think that making a violent effort is much less useful than main-taining a steady one.
A, promptness
B, persistence
C, aggression
D, skillfulness
E, lucidity
trait: n.特征，特點(diǎn)，特性
promptness: n.快捷，迅速
aggression: n.侵犯(行為)，侵略(行為)，挑釁
lucidity: n.明晰易懂，清澈透明
雖然有人認(rèn)為強(qiáng)勁有力和堅(jiān)持不懈這兩種特征同等可取，但我認(rèn)為作一劇烈的努力遠(yuǎn)沒有維持一穩(wěn)定的努力來得有用。
6、The popularity of pseudoscience and quack medicines in the nineteenth century suggests that people were very----- but the gullibility of the public today makes citizens of yesterday look like hard-nosed ------.
A, cautious.. educators
B, sophisticated.. realists
C, rational.. pragmatists
D, naive.. idealists
E, credulous.. skeptics
pseudoscience: n.偽科學(xué)
quack: n.冒牌醫(yī)生，江湖騙子
hard-nosed: a.1.(獵犬)嗅覺不靈的 2.執(zhí)拗的，倔強(qiáng)的，頑強(qiáng)的，不屈不撓的 3.(美俚)精明而講究實(shí)際的
sophisticated: a.老于世故的，富于經(jīng)驗(yàn)的，精通的
rational: a.1.理性的，理智的，明事理的 2.合理的 3.神智健全的
pragmatist: 實(shí)用主義者
naive: a.1.天真的 2.幼稚的，輕信的 3.未有過經(jīng)驗(yàn)的
idealist: n.1.理想主義者，理想家，空想家 2.〔哲〕唯心主義者，唯心論者
credulous: a.輕信的，易受騙的，因輕信而引起的
sceptic: n.1.懷疑(論)者 2.懷疑宗教(尤指基督教)者
偽科學(xué)和江湖庸醫(yī)在十九世紀(jì)的風(fēng)靡一時(shí)，表明人們相當(dāng)輕信，但當(dāng)今公眾之如此易于受騙上當(dāng)，使得昨日的公民看上去猶若精明實(shí)際的懷疑者。
7、Though extremely ------ about his own plans, the man allowed his associates no such privacy and was constantly ------- information about what they intended to do next.
A, idiosyncratic .. altering
B, guarded.. eschewing
C, candid.. uncovering
D, reticent. . soliciting
E, fastidious.. ruining
A, demonstrated
B, determined
C, altered
D, undermined
E, distinguished
paradoxically: adv.1.似非而是地，佯謬地 2.自相矛盾地 3.悖理地，反常地
colonization: n.殖民統(tǒng)治
prosperity: n.興旺，繁榮昌盛
loyalty: n.忠誠
demonstrate: v.1.論證，證明 2.說明，教 3.顯示，表露
alter: v.改變，改動，使變樣
矛盾的是，英國在北美的殖民統(tǒng)治反而由于它的成功而遭到削弱：諸殖民地的日益繁榮減少了它們對其宗主國的依賴，因而亦減少了它們對它的忠誠。
2、Although Harry, Stack Sullivan is one of the most influential social scientists of this century, his ideas are now so ----- in our society that they seem almost --------.
A, novel.. antiquated
B, revolutionary.. fundamental
C, commonplace .. banal
D, disputed.. esoteric
E, obscure.. familiar
【翻譯】雖然哈利·斯塔克·沙利文是本世紀(jì)影響的社會科學(xué)家之一但是現(xiàn)在看來，他的思想在我們的社會中顯得如此普通平凡，以致于幾近平庸。
3、Her first concert appearance was disappointingly perfunctory and derivative, rather than the--------performance in the -------style we had anticipated.
A, talented.. tenuous
B, prosaic.. classic
C, artistic.. mechanical
D, inspired.. innovative
E, literal.. enlightened
perfunctory: a.敷衍了事的，馬虎的，得過且過的
derivative: a.1.派生的，衍生的 2.缺乏獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的，模仿他人的
tenuous: a.1.細(xì)的，薄的 2.稀薄的，脆弱的
prosaic: a.1.散文的 2.平凡的，乏味的
inspired: a.受神靈啟示的，在靈感支配下的
literal: a.1.逐字的，照字面的，原義的 2.只講究實(shí)際的，缺乏想象力的，刻板的，如實(shí)的
enlightened: a.開明的，有知識的，文明的
她的首場音樂會演出令人失望地顯得敷衍了事，且有模仿他人之嫌，而不是我們所期待的那種靈感迸發(fā)的演出和令人耳目一新的風(fēng)格。
4、As is often the case with collections of lectures by ------ authors, the book as a whole is ------, although the individual contributions are outstanding in themselves.
A, different.. disconnected
B, incompetent.. abysmal
C, famous.. systematic
D, mediocre.. unexciting
E, various.. coherent
contribution: n.(投給報(bào)刊等的)稿件，文搞
incompetent: a.不稱職的不勝任的
abysmal: a.深不可測的，無底的，極度的
對于那些由不同的作者的演講錄編輯而成的集子來說，常有的情形是，整本書會顯得雜亂無章，盡管單獨(dú)的稿件就其本身而言可謂很出色。
5、Although some consider forcefulness and ------- to be two traits desirable to the same degree, I think that making a violent effort is much less useful than main-taining a steady one.
A, promptness
B, persistence
C, aggression
D, skillfulness
E, lucidity
trait: n.特征，特點(diǎn)，特性
promptness: n.快捷，迅速
aggression: n.侵犯(行為)，侵略(行為)，挑釁
lucidity: n.明晰易懂，清澈透明
雖然有人認(rèn)為強(qiáng)勁有力和堅(jiān)持不懈這兩種特征同等可取，但我認(rèn)為作一劇烈的努力遠(yuǎn)沒有維持一穩(wěn)定的努力來得有用。
6、The popularity of pseudoscience and quack medicines in the nineteenth century suggests that people were very----- but the gullibility of the public today makes citizens of yesterday look like hard-nosed ------.
A, cautious.. educators
B, sophisticated.. realists
C, rational.. pragmatists
D, naive.. idealists
E, credulous.. skeptics
pseudoscience: n.偽科學(xué)
quack: n.冒牌醫(yī)生，江湖騙子
hard-nosed: a.1.(獵犬)嗅覺不靈的 2.執(zhí)拗的，倔強(qiáng)的，頑強(qiáng)的，不屈不撓的 3.(美俚)精明而講究實(shí)際的
sophisticated: a.老于世故的，富于經(jīng)驗(yàn)的，精通的
rational: a.1.理性的，理智的，明事理的 2.合理的 3.神智健全的
pragmatist: 實(shí)用主義者
naive: a.1.天真的 2.幼稚的，輕信的 3.未有過經(jīng)驗(yàn)的
idealist: n.1.理想主義者，理想家，空想家 2.〔哲〕唯心主義者，唯心論者
credulous: a.輕信的，易受騙的，因輕信而引起的
sceptic: n.1.懷疑(論)者 2.懷疑宗教(尤指基督教)者
偽科學(xué)和江湖庸醫(yī)在十九世紀(jì)的風(fēng)靡一時(shí)，表明人們相當(dāng)輕信，但當(dāng)今公眾之如此易于受騙上當(dāng)，使得昨日的公民看上去猶若精明實(shí)際的懷疑者。
7、Though extremely ------ about his own plans, the man allowed his associates no such privacy and was constantly ------- information about what they intended to do next.
A, idiosyncratic .. altering
B, guarded.. eschewing
C, candid.. uncovering
D, reticent. . soliciting
E, fastidious.. ruining