高效的學(xué)習(xí)，要學(xué)會(huì)給自己定定目標(biāo)（大、小、長(zhǎng)、短），這樣學(xué)習(xí)會(huì)有一個(gè)方向；然后要學(xué)會(huì)梳理自身學(xué)習(xí)情況，以課本為基礎(chǔ)，結(jié)合自己做的筆記、試卷、掌握的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)、存在的問題等，合理的分配時(shí)間，有針對(duì)性、具體的去一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)的攻克、落實(shí)。本篇文章是為您整理的《初三上冊(cè)期末英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)》，供大家借鑒。
1.初三上冊(cè)期末英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)
固定搭配:
only a few (=few)not a few (=many)quite a few (=many)
many a (=many)
Many books were sold.
Many a book was sold.
賣出了許多書.
9many, much的用法
Many,much都意為"許多",many +可數(shù)名詞,much +不可數(shù)名詞.
How many people are there at the meeting
How much time has we left
Many of the workers were at the meeting.
Much of the time was spent on learning.
2.初三上冊(cè)期末英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)
介詞的固定搭配
介詞往往同其他詞類形成了固定搭配關(guān)系。記住這種固定搭配關(guān)系，才能正確使用介詞。
(1)介詞與動(dòng)詞的搭配
listen to , laugh at, get to, look for wait for, hear from, turn on, turn off, worry about, think of, look after, spend…on…， 等。
(2)介詞與名詞的搭配
on time, in time, by bus, on foot, with pleasure, on one’s way to, in trouble, at breakfast, at the end of, in the end等。
(3)介詞與形容詞的搭配
be late for, be afraid of, be good at, be interested in, be angry with, be full of, be sorry for等。
短語動(dòng)詞的分類
(1)動(dòng)詞+介詞
常見的有l(wèi)ook for, look after, ask for, laugh at, hear of 等。這類短語動(dòng)詞的`賓語只能放在介詞后。如：
Don’t laugh at others.
Tom asked his parents for a bike.
(2)動(dòng)詞+副詞
常見的有g(shù)ive up, pick up, think over, find out, hand in,等。這類短語動(dòng)詞的賓語如果是名詞，既可放在副詞前邊，又可放在副詞后邊;賓語如果是人稱代詞或反身代詞，則要放在副詞前邊。如：
You’ll hand in your homework tomorrow.
Please don’t forget to hand it in.
(3)動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞
常見的有 go on with, catch up with等。這類短語動(dòng)詞的賓語只能放在介詞后邊。如：
Go on and I’ll catch up with you in five minutes.
After a short rest, he went on with his research work.
(4)動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞
常見的有take care of, make use of, pay attention to, make fun of 等。這類短語動(dòng)詞的賓語只能放在介詞后邊。如：
You should pay attention to your handwriting.
We should make full use of our time.
(5)動(dòng)詞+形容詞
常見的有l(wèi)eave open, set free, cut open等。這類短語動(dòng)詞的賓語如果是名詞，則賓語可放在形容詞的前邊，也可放在后邊;賓語如果是人稱代詞或反身代詞，則必須放在形容詞前邊。如：
The prisoners were set free.
He cut it open.
(6)動(dòng)詞+名詞
常見的有take place, make friends等。這類短語動(dòng)詞用作不及物動(dòng)詞。如：
This story took place three years ago.
I make friends with a lot of people.
3.初三上冊(cè)期末英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)
1.介詞的功能
介詞是一種虛詞，用來表示名詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的其它詞語句中其它詞的關(guān)系，不能單獨(dú)使用。介詞可與名詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的其它詞構(gòu)成介詞短語。介詞短語可在句中作定語，狀語，表語和賓語補(bǔ)足語。例如：
The boy over there is John’s brother. (定語)
The girl will be back in two hours. (狀語)
Our English teacher is from Australia. (表語)
Help yourself to some fish. (賓語補(bǔ)足語)
2.常用介詞的用法辨析
(1)表時(shí)間的介詞
at, in on
表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)用at。例如：at six o’clock, at noon, at midnight。表示在某個(gè)世紀(jì)，某年，某月，某個(gè)季節(jié)以及早晨，上午，下午，晚上時(shí)，用in。例如：in the ninettenth century, in 2002, in may, in winter, in the morning, in the afternoon等。表示具體的某一天和某一天的上午，下午，晚上時(shí)，用on。例如：on Monday, on July 1st, on Sunday morning等。
since, after
由since和after 引導(dǎo)的詞組都可表示從過去某一點(diǎn)開始的時(shí)段，但since詞組表示的時(shí)段一直延續(xù)到說話的時(shí)刻，因而往往要與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。而after詞組所表示的時(shí)段純系過去，因而要與一般過去時(shí)連用。例如：
I haven’t heard from him since last summer.
After five days the boy came back.
in, after
in與將來時(shí)態(tài)連用時(shí)，表示“過多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間以后”的意思，后面跟表示一段時(shí)間的詞語。After與將來時(shí)態(tài)連用時(shí)，后面只能跟表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)的詞語。After與過去時(shí)態(tài)連用時(shí)，后面才能跟表示一段時(shí)間的詞語。例如：
He will be back in two months.
He will arrive after four o’clock.
He returned after a month.
(2)表示地點(diǎn)的介詞
at, in, on
at一般指小地方;in一般指大地方或某個(gè)范圍之內(nèi);on往往表示“在某個(gè)物體的表面”。例如：
He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.
They arrived at a small village before dark.
There is a big hole in the wall.
The teacher put up a picture on the wall.
over, above, on
over, on和above都可表示“在……上面”，但具體含義不同。Over表示位置高于某物，在某物的正上方，其反義詞是under。 above也表示位置高于某物，但不一定在正上方，其反義詞是below。On指兩個(gè)物體表面接觸，一個(gè)在另一的上面。例如：
There is a bridge over the river.
We flew above the clouds.
They put some flowers on the teacher’s desk.
across, through
across和through均可表示“從這一邊到另一邊”，但用法不同。Across的含義與on有關(guān)，表示動(dòng)作在某一物體的表面進(jìn)行。Throgh的含義與in有關(guān)，表示動(dòng)作是在三維空間進(jìn)行。例如：
The dog ran across the grass.
The boy swam across the river.
They walked through the forest.
I pushed through the crowds.
in front of, in the front of
in front of 表示“在某人或某物的前面”，在某個(gè)范圍以外;in the front of 表示“在……的前部”，在某個(gè)范圍以內(nèi)。例如：
There are some tall trees in front of the building.
The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom.
4.初三上冊(cè)期末英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)
可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的幾種形式
1.單數(shù)名詞加s: students, apples, bags, trees, books, brothers.
2.以s、x、sh、ch結(jié)尾的名詞加es: glasses, boxes, brushes, matches.
3.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，變y為i加es: cities, babies, enemies.
4.以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞，多數(shù)變f為v加es: wives, knives.但有些詞只加s: roofs,proofs, chiefs.
5.以o結(jié)尾的名詞，有些加es: Negroes, heroes, tomatoes, potatoes. 其它加s: radio s, zoos, pianos, photos.
6.不規(guī)則名詞：foot→feet, goose→geese, tooth→teeth, child→children, man→men, woman→women, mouse→mice.
7.單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞：sheep，fish，dee.
5.初三上冊(cè)期末英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)
主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)
主動(dòng)語態(tài)(The Active Voice)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。
被動(dòng)語態(tài)(The Passive Voice)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。
構(gòu)成：承受者+助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+by+執(zhí)行者
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：承受者+助動(dòng)詞am / is/are +及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+by+執(zhí)行者
一般過去時(shí)：承受者+助動(dòng)詞was / were +及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+by+執(zhí)行者
承受者+助動(dòng)詞shall / will be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+by+執(zhí)行者
承受者+助動(dòng)詞 have/ has been+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+by+執(zhí)行者
承受者+ can /may/must/should +be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+by+執(zhí)行者
從句
1.賓語從句
在復(fù)合句中，由一個(gè)句子充當(dāng)賓語，這個(gè)句子叫做賓語從句。賓語從句主要有三種類型，分別是that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句、if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓從、連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。 常見的賓語從句引導(dǎo)詞：that、if、whether、what、who、where、why和how。
Eg. I am sad that you refused me. 我很難過你拒絕了我。
2.定語從句
定語從句在中考和高考中出現(xiàn)的頻率都非常高。在復(fù)合句中，修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。定語從句一般放在先行詞的后面。常見的關(guān)系代詞包括that,which,who（賓格whom，所有格whose）,as 等，關(guān)系副詞包括where,when,why等。
Eg. Lily likes music that is quiet and gentle. 瑪麗喜歡輕柔的音樂。
3.狀語從句
狀語從句就是由一個(gè)句子在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)狀語。所以狀語從句又可以分為時(shí)間狀語從句、地點(diǎn)狀語從句、原因狀語從句、目的狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句等等。每種狀語從句都有特定的引導(dǎo)詞：
（1）地點(diǎn)狀語從句：where,wherever
（2）時(shí)間狀語從句：when, while, as, before, until, till, since
（3）原因狀語從句：because, since,as, now that, not that…, but that…, seeing that,
considering that, in that
（4）目的狀語從句：so, so that, in order that, that, to the end that, in case,for fear that,lest
（5）結(jié)果狀語從句：so...that, such that, so that, with the result that
（6）條件狀語從句：if,unless,if only,only if,in case,suppose/supposing
(that),provided/providing(that),on condition that,so/as long as
（7）方式狀語從句：as, as if, as though
（8）讓步狀語從句：though, although, as, even if, even though, whether, no matter
whether...or, no matter with