一篇：英語(yǔ)寫作概說(shuō)（一）認(rèn)真審閱題目，弄清任務(wù)要求
審題是寫作過(guò)程中的第一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)，但是往往也最容易被忽略，尤其是在水平考試中，絕大多數(shù)考生通過(guò)考前強(qiáng)化和突擊，通過(guò)實(shí)戰(zhàn)模擬對(duì)寫作題目和類型都已經(jīng)深度了解，所以審題環(huán)節(jié)往往在潛意識(shí)中完成，不被考生重視。
英語(yǔ)寫作的審題環(huán)節(jié)，一般應(yīng)當(dāng)完成兩個(gè)主要任務(wù)。（1） 題目給定的體裁要求是什么？讓你寫議論文、說(shuō)明文還是應(yīng)用文。（2） 題目給定的題材是什么？換句話說(shuō)就是作文談?wù)摰闹饕掝}是什么—關(guān)于飯菜質(zhì)量的投訴、關(guān)于英語(yǔ)考試的利弊、關(guān)于家庭轎車帶來(lái)的麻煩、關(guān)于網(wǎng)戀給人的傷害等生活中的熱點(diǎn)話題和校園學(xué)習(xí)的焦點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。
寫作過(guò)程中忌諱不審題，更忌諱審錯(cuò)題。好多考生擔(dān)心自己立場(chǎng)錯(cuò)誤，故意揣測(cè)考官并迎合考官心理，其實(shí)沒(méi)有必要。但是如果考生誤撞，把要求中的議論文，寫成了散文故事，那肯定是個(gè)大失誤；還有如果考生把三段論提綱的任何一點(diǎn)漏寫，則一定要遭到扣分。由此可見，審題不怕觀點(diǎn)偏差，最怕中心話題走樣，文章體裁弄錯(cuò)。
下面以2000年6月份的大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試寫作題目為例，給大家示范審題過(guò)程的具體流程：
1．反復(fù)閱讀題目，確保理解完整：
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary? The first sentence has already been written for you. You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:
（1） 很多人認(rèn)為有必要舉行英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)考試，理由是 ……
（2） 也有人持不同意見, ……
（3） 我的看法和打算
2． 分解題目要點(diǎn)，力求任務(wù)明確：
（1） 題目是英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)考試的必要性
（2） 結(jié)構(gòu)要求是漢語(yǔ)給定的提綱（三段論）
（3） 長(zhǎng)度要求是不少于100個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞
（4） 文章的體裁是議論文，重心應(yīng)當(dāng)在作者的看法和打算
3． 辨析給定提綱，確定寫作重心
（1）正方觀點(diǎn)是支持，重心是理由
（2）反方觀點(diǎn)是不同意見，重心依然是理由
（3）作者自己的看法和打算，是全文的寫作重心
Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary?
A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test（CET）. Is it necessary to include such a test?
Many people who favor such a test contend that the oral competence of a candidate, in itself, is an indispensable part of his/her integrated language proficiency. A fair oral score will undoubtedly make his/her overall CET-4 scores more convincing and reliable. These people also maintain that an oral test, if properly administered, will certainly boost the ongoing reform of EFL in China. Additionally, they are quite optimistic about the prospect of introducing an oral test to the ever-booming CET-4 exam as both the financial and human resources have improved in recent years.
However, there are still many others who hold the opposite opinion on the grounds that an oral test may add to the candidate’s burden of preparation on the one hand, and provide a new route to wealth for many test-oriented training organizations on the other. They further their opposition with the argument that an oral test on a large scale is simply impractical, besides mentioning the subjective scores of various examiners.
As far as I am concerned, an oral test as a complement to the present CET-4 is necessary, even if we can only administer it as optional at the moment. Should I pass CET-4 with an excellent score, I would prepare for the challenge of an oral test.
審題是寫作過(guò)程中的第一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)，但是往往也最容易被忽略，尤其是在水平考試中，絕大多數(shù)考生通過(guò)考前強(qiáng)化和突擊，通過(guò)實(shí)戰(zhàn)模擬對(duì)寫作題目和類型都已經(jīng)深度了解，所以審題環(huán)節(jié)往往在潛意識(shí)中完成，不被考生重視。
英語(yǔ)寫作的審題環(huán)節(jié)，一般應(yīng)當(dāng)完成兩個(gè)主要任務(wù)。（1） 題目給定的體裁要求是什么？讓你寫議論文、說(shuō)明文還是應(yīng)用文。（2） 題目給定的題材是什么？換句話說(shuō)就是作文談?wù)摰闹饕掝}是什么—關(guān)于飯菜質(zhì)量的投訴、關(guān)于英語(yǔ)考試的利弊、關(guān)于家庭轎車帶來(lái)的麻煩、關(guān)于網(wǎng)戀給人的傷害等生活中的熱點(diǎn)話題和校園學(xué)習(xí)的焦點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。
寫作過(guò)程中忌諱不審題，更忌諱審錯(cuò)題。好多考生擔(dān)心自己立場(chǎng)錯(cuò)誤，故意揣測(cè)考官并迎合考官心理，其實(shí)沒(méi)有必要。但是如果考生誤撞，把要求中的議論文，寫成了散文故事，那肯定是個(gè)大失誤；還有如果考生把三段論提綱的任何一點(diǎn)漏寫，則一定要遭到扣分。由此可見，審題不怕觀點(diǎn)偏差，最怕中心話題走樣，文章體裁弄錯(cuò)。
下面以2000年6月份的大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試寫作題目為例，給大家示范審題過(guò)程的具體流程：
1．反復(fù)閱讀題目，確保理解完整：
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary? The first sentence has already been written for you. You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:
（1） 很多人認(rèn)為有必要舉行英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)考試，理由是 ……
（2） 也有人持不同意見, ……
（3） 我的看法和打算
2． 分解題目要點(diǎn)，力求任務(wù)明確：
（1） 題目是英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)考試的必要性
（2） 結(jié)構(gòu)要求是漢語(yǔ)給定的提綱（三段論）
（3） 長(zhǎng)度要求是不少于100個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞
（4） 文章的體裁是議論文，重心應(yīng)當(dāng)在作者的看法和打算
3． 辨析給定提綱，確定寫作重心
（1）正方觀點(diǎn)是支持，重心是理由
（2）反方觀點(diǎn)是不同意見，重心依然是理由
（3）作者自己的看法和打算，是全文的寫作重心
Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary?
A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test（CET）. Is it necessary to include such a test?
Many people who favor such a test contend that the oral competence of a candidate, in itself, is an indispensable part of his/her integrated language proficiency. A fair oral score will undoubtedly make his/her overall CET-4 scores more convincing and reliable. These people also maintain that an oral test, if properly administered, will certainly boost the ongoing reform of EFL in China. Additionally, they are quite optimistic about the prospect of introducing an oral test to the ever-booming CET-4 exam as both the financial and human resources have improved in recent years.
However, there are still many others who hold the opposite opinion on the grounds that an oral test may add to the candidate’s burden of preparation on the one hand, and provide a new route to wealth for many test-oriented training organizations on the other. They further their opposition with the argument that an oral test on a large scale is simply impractical, besides mentioning the subjective scores of various examiners.
As far as I am concerned, an oral test as a complement to the present CET-4 is necessary, even if we can only administer it as optional at the moment. Should I pass CET-4 with an excellent score, I would prepare for the challenge of an oral test.