外銷員外貿(mào)外語輔導(dǎo):藥品英文說明書的寫法4

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第四節(jié) 適應(yīng)癥
    “適應(yīng)癥”最常用的有以下幾種表示方法
    Indications適應(yīng)癥
    Indications and Usage 適應(yīng)癥與用途
    Major(Principal)Indications 主要適應(yīng)癥
    Uses用途
    Action and Use作用與用途
    偶爾也會見到其他的表示方法。
    本項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)頻率的是疾病名稱以及微生物(尤其是致病菌)的名稱,如:
    angina pectoris 心絞痛
    cancer癌
    diabetes(mellitus)糖尿病
    hypertension 高血壓
    gram-positive microorganisms(bacteria)革蘭氏陽性菌
    virus 病毒
    gram-negative mcroorgansms(bacteria)革蘭氏陰性菌
    E.coli 大腸桿菌
    這些詞匯可借助英漢醫(yī)學(xué)詞典進(jìn)行閱讀和翻譯,只要掌握了這些詞意,即可了解本項(xiàng)基本內(nèi)容。
    一、常見句型
    本項(xiàng)是說明書的重點(diǎn),從句子結(jié)構(gòu)來分析,大致有以下幾種類型。
    1、不完全句結(jié)構(gòu).僅列出疾病或微生物的名稱.例如:
    例1、Angina pectoris, Prinzmetal's angina,hypertension
    心絞痛,變異性心絞痛,高血壓。
    例 2 The following diseases caused by bacteria including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria such as Staphylococcus,Streptcoccus, Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae……
    用于治療由革蘭氏陽性和革蘭氏陰性細(xì)菌,如葡萄球菌、鏈球菌。大腸桿菌、肺炎桿菌……引起的下列疾病……
    2 由For(或In等)引出的短語,例如:
    例3 For prevention of the advance of cataract.
    用于預(yù)防白內(nèi)障進(jìn)展。
    例 4 In the treatment of all forms of pulmonary tubercuosis in association with other antitubercular drugs.
    與其他抗結(jié)核藥配伍,治療各種類型肺結(jié)核。
    3.To+動詞原形構(gòu)成的短語,如:
    例 5 To prevent the formation of urinary calculi,especially in cases where they tend to recur.
    用于預(yù)防尿路,特別是易發(fā)部位的結(jié)石的形成。
    例6 To protect the liver cell during administration of drugs hazardous to the liver.
    在服用對肝臟有危害的藥物期間,用以保護(hù)肝細(xì)胞。
    4,完整的句子結(jié)構(gòu)或段落,有時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)很復(fù)雜;
    例 7 Amikacin is useful in the treatment of infections from Gram-negative sensitive species,there included the Pseudomonas species;it may also be useful to treat infections caused by sensitive staphylococci,
    阿米卡星可用于治療革蘭氏陽性敏感菌(其中包括假單孢菌)引起的感染,也可用于治療敏感葡萄球菌引起的感染。
    例 8 Nebcin is indicated for the treatment of the following infections caused by susceptible microorganisms:
    乃柏欣適用于治療下列由敏感細(xì)菌引起的感染:
    例 9 Octinum D has proved effective in the prophylaxis and therapy of disorders arising from spasm of the smooth musculature.
    新握克了已證實(shí)對平滑肌痙攣引起的病癥有預(yù)防和治療作用。
    例10 Fungizone intravenous is especially intended to treat cryptococcosis……
    注射用凡疾送特別適用于治療隱球菌病?!?BR>    例11 Kanamycin is active both in vitro and vivo against Gram-possitive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as acid-fast bacteria
    卡那霉素在體外及體內(nèi)對革蘭氏陽性和革蘭氏陰性菌以及耐酸菌都有效。
    例12 Benemid is recommended for the treatmemt of gout and gouty arthritis, and to increase and prolong the plasma concentration of penicillins and cephalosporins during anti-infective therapy.
    丙磺舒被推薦用于治療痛風(fēng)及痛風(fēng)關(guān)節(jié)炎,及在強(qiáng)化抗感染治療時(shí)增加并延長青霉素類及頭孢菌素類的血漿濃度。
    例 13 Information available at present suggests that Oncovin may be useful either alone or in conjunction with other oncolytic drugs for the treatment of acute leukaemias ……
    據(jù)現(xiàn)有資料表明,硫酸長春新堿可單獨(dú)使用,亦可與其他溶瘤細(xì)胞藥物合用,以治療急性白血病……
    例14 Adriamycin is frequenly used in combination chemotherapy regiments with other cytotoxyc drugs.
    阿霉素常與其他細(xì)胞毒藥物合用于化療方案。
    例 15 Concomitant therapy with other calcium antagonists, antihypertensives and alcohol may potentiate the hypotensive action of the drug.
    與其他的鈣桔抗劑、抗高血壓藥物及酒精飲料同時(shí)使用,會增強(qiáng)本品的降低血壓的作用。
    二、本項(xiàng)中的常用詞及短語舉例
    許多常用詞及疾病名、微生物名詞等與“藥理作用”項(xiàng)類同,此外還有以下詞組與短語(例句參見前文)。
    be active against對……有效
    be intended to…適用于……
    be administared in …適用于…
    be of value of … 適用于……
    be effective in (for,against)…對…有效
    be recommended for 推薦用于……
    be employed to …用于……
    be used to(for,as)…用于……
    be helpful in … 用于……
    be useful in … 用于……
    be indicated in(for)…適用于…
    for(in) the treatment(management)of… 用于治療(控制)
    表示與“其他藥物合用”的結(jié)構(gòu)有:
    be associated with
    in association with
    be combined with
    in combination with
    be compatible with
    in connjunction with
    concomitant with
    together with