賴世雄高級19課
Hello, everybody. Welcome again to Radio English on Sunday.
I'm Bruce,
/ This is Peter.
/ Unit nineteen today in your book. Today our lesson is about Asian Americans. We'll be telling you all about Asian Americans in the United States. Let's get ready for our reading. The first paragraph has a lot of statistics for you, so in case you are interested to know about how many Asians live in the US and who they are and where they live, we have all this information for you in today's lesson.
Please look at page one hundred fifty three with us and let's get ready to read and explain.
In the last census conducted by the US government in nineteen ninety, one fact caught many people by surprise: the percentage of Asian Americans had grown faster than any other segment of the population. European Americans had, as expected, continued their slow decline in percentage of the total US population, though they were still dominant at about seventy six percent. Black Americans had stabilized at about twelve percent of the population. Hispanics had continued their fast growth than were, at nine percent, aimed at toppling Black Americans at the country's largest minority group. The growth in Asian Americans, however, surged from only two percent of the total US population in the nineteen eighty census to three percent in nineteen ninety. By the year two thousand, at least four percent of Americans will be of Asian ancestry. This relatively huge increase has caught many demographers by surprise. Clearly a new force is developing in the US demography, but few people seem to appreciate its implications. The Asian Americans are here, and are here to stay, but exactly who are they? And what does their rapid increase mean for the country as a whole?
_______census, n,
n.
An official, usually periodic enumeration of a population, often including the collection of related demographic information.
人口普查一種官方的通常是階段性的人口統(tǒng)計詳表，通常包括大量相關的人口統(tǒng)計信息
_______demography, demographer,
n.
The study of the characteristics of human populations, such as size, growth, density, distribution, and vital statistics.
人口統(tǒng)計學對人口特征，例如數(shù)量、增長情況、密度、分布和人口動態(tài)統(tǒng)計等進行研究的學科
_______segment,
n.
Any of the parts into which something can be divided:
部分，片某些可被分割的任一片：
segments of the community; a segment of a television program.
社區(qū)的組成部分；電視節(jié)目的一個片斷
_______Hispanics,
adj.
Of or relating to Spain or Spanish-speaking Latin America.
西班牙的，西班牙語的屬于或關于西班牙的或拉丁美洲講的西班牙語的
Of or relating to a Spanish-speaking people or culture.
關于，屬于講西班牙語的民族或文化的
_______topple,
v.tr.
To push or throw over; overturn or overthrow.
使…跌倒通過推或扔的動作使…翻倒；翻倒或扔倒
See: overthrow
topple
v.intr.
To totter and fall.
跌倒
To lean over as if about to fall.
傾斜得好像要跌倒一樣
vi.,vt.
(高的東西)搖晃, 搖搖欲墜, 向前倒；*, *
topple down
(使)垮下來
topple over
推倒, 搖倒
（常與over, down連用）使傾覆；使倒塌；*；翻倒
The pile of books toppled onto the floor.
這堆書倒在了地板上。
_______surge,
v.intr.
To move in a billowing or swelling manner in or as if in waves.
洶涌象在波濤中顛簸或起伏地向前行動
See: rise
To roll or be tossed about on waves, as a boat.
顛簸，起伏象小船一樣地在波濤中顛簸或搖蕩
To move like advancing waves:
猛沖，蜂涌象波濤一樣地洶涌前進：
The fans surged forward to see the movie star.
影迷們洶涌地沖奔去看那個影星
To increase suddenly. Used of electric current or voltage.
猛增突然增加。用于電流或電壓
n.
巨浪, 波濤; 洶涌, 澎湃; 滾流, 起伏
一陣(怒氣, 疼痛等); 一批(涌來的人); 一股(電流等)
【電】電流急沖, 電涌
【航?！坷|繩滑脫; 急速松纜; (絞盤急速松纜的)錐形部;【機】波動, 湍振
the surge of the sea
海浪澎湃
a surge of pity
油然而生的憐憫之心
a surge of smoke
濃煙滾滾
The sea was rolling in immense surges.
大海上浪濤洶涌。
A surge of anger rushed over him .
他勃然大怒。
vi.
洶涌, 澎湃; 奔流, 滾滾流動, 起伏; (情緒)高漲, 激動; 蜂擁而來, 涌出
【電】電涌, 振蕩
【航海】纜繩滑脫; 松纜
(車輪)空轉打滑 -ging crowds 蜂擁的人群
A great wave surged over us.
巨浪打在我們身上。
A ship surges at anchor.
拋錨的船 隨波濤起伏。
Anger surged (up)within him.
他胸中怒氣洶涌。
Blood surged to his face.
血涌到他的臉上。
The crowd surged out of the stadium.
人群從體育場涌出。
The stock market surged today.
今天股票上漲。
The floods surged over the valley.
洪水在山谷中洶涌流過。
（感情）起伏，高漲
Wow, this is a mouthful.
/ Yeah, this is a mouthful. 本來是“滿口的東西”,在這里是什么意思呢？
/ This means that we have a lot of information or a lot of important things in a short time or in a small place. So we are talking about a lot of statistics here; it's quite a bit of information in the first paragraph. Well, you think you might not know is that the US government has a census or a counting of its people every ten years since seventeen ninety, this has been going on. And we find from nineteen eighty, through the year two thousand, we are now recalling this in the year two thousand, the number of Asians has doubled from two percent to four percent of the American population. Its relative population has doubled in just twenty years. And this has surprised a lot of people who study population, we call them demographers. We have far four large groups within the US; this is the way demographers talk about the people who live in the US. European Americans, often called White or Caucasians 白種人, are about three quaters of the population; Black Americans twelve percent; Hispanics, this refers to people who come from either Spanish, or Portuguese speaking cultures or backgrounds. Because the US is in the New World, and is next to Latin America, many of its people were already in the US even before the other Europeans got there. Today Hispanics make up, or constitute, nine percent of the population, but they are increasing very rapidly. Some demographers think within ten or twenty years, their percent of the population will be higher than that of Black Americans, and then they will become the largest minority group in the country.
/ Mmm. Also American Indians count for a very small fraction.
/ Less than one percent.
/ Ok. In (Alosca 地名，阿拉斯加什么的), the place that I've been to, I saw a lot of American Indians over there,
/ Yeah?
/ uhh, to my surprise, in terms of their flash, you know, ..their ..appearance you know, they remind me of those Mongols, very very you know, very much like Chinese.
/ Yeah. They come from Northeastern Asia, which is northern China and (Sigbiria 地名), maybe Korea, and areas like that, maybe Mongolia. Ten thousand twenty thousand years ago, this was all one people one area. But remember the ..Ice, after the Ice Age, people could no longer go from North America to Asia, so, the, what we call American Indians are all from Asia. They are all Asians. They are Asian Americans and that's our topic for today.
Let's continue taking a look, now especially not at the whole US, but particularly at Asian Americans.
0608
As a multi-ethnic nation, it should not be surprising that Asian Americans are becoming an increasingly large and important sector of the "rainbow nation" some Americans prefer to think of their country as. Indeed, the only surprise about the segment growing so fast is why it has not occurred sooner. After all, Asia is home to sixty percent of all the people in the world. However, Asia is also a vast land, encompassing East, Southeast, South and West Asia, each region significantly different from its neighbors. Further, there is no sense of unity within Asia, as there is, say, among European or Latin American countries. Indeed, the term "Asian Americans" is more a fiction of the European mind, since people from this area unfailingly refer to themselves as Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, etc. rather than as Asian Americans.
______encompass, ---> compass, ---> include,
v.tr.
en.com.passed; en.com.pass.ing; en.com.pass.es;
To form a circle or ring around; surround.
圍繞組成一圈或成環(huán)行；包圍
See: surround
To enclose; envelop.
包圍；包裝
To constitute or include:
構成，包括：
a survey that encompassed a wide range of participants.
一份包括了廣泛參與人的評論
To accomplish; achieve.
完成；獲得
vt
包括，包含
The course will encompass physics, chemistry and biology.
課程將包括物理、化學和生物學。
包圍；圍繞
a reservoir encompassed by mountains
群山環(huán)繞的水庫
(= compass)
完工，促使
He encompassed the ruin of his enemies.
他使他的對手破產了。
______Filipino, [fili'pi:no]
So here we find out more about Asian Americans. It shouldn't be surprising that the numbers are increasing because there are more Asians than anybody else in the world. However, Asia, not only has a large population, it has very different large and important areas. East Asia is very different from, say, South Asia, or West Asia. And Asians usually don't think of themselves as Asians first; they think of themselves as Japanese or Indians or Israelite first before they think of themselves as Asians.
/ That's quite interesting. I think this also has to do with the (colons), I think.
/ You think so?
/ Oh, yeah. Because Indians, for example, do not look very much like Chinese.
/ Some of the Indians, especially in the North, look more like Europeans.
/ Right. And also Indonesians.
/ Yes.
/ You can very easily tell the difference between Indonesians and Chinese.
/ Oh, absolutely, yeah. There are different subraces or varieties of people throughout the Asia. When you go to West Asia, most of them are caucasian.
/ But I still remember a very famous saying by an astronaut. Did I tell you this before?
/ Tell me again.
/ Yeah, when he was in the space, look down into the earth, ...he was thinking that it was quite stupid of us to say that we would divide ourselves into so many countries. We actually are one family.
/ That's right. One family. Yeah, I heard the same thing. A group of astronauts from different countries, as they went around the world, on the first day, they proudly pointed to their own countries. On the second day, they pointed to their continents. And on the third day, they stopped pointing.
/ ...
/That's why Peter and I can get along.
/ Even though you are a miser. :D (....有時候真是有些過份。一個并不好笑的玩笑他可以講TMD n遍。：( _____Pan. )
/ Okok, next paragraph.
0944
For more than one hundred years, three primary groups of Asians emigrated to the US, Japanese, Chinese, and Filipino. However, since the end of the Vietnam War, other groups from Asia have become increasingly prominent, especially those from Vietnam, Korea, and India. In addition, Iranians and Israelis from Southwestern Asia have also entered the US in large numbers.
Here we take a look at the history of Asian Americans in this paragraph, also in the next paragraph. But here we learn that the Japanese, Chinese and Filipino were the largest Asian American groups for the past one hundred years. But since nineteen seventy five, at the end of Vietnam War, other countries have sent large numbers of their peoples to the US to live. Vietnam, Korea and India, as well as Iran and Israel have also sent large numbers of people to settle in the US.
/ emigrate, immigrate, 一個是移出，一個是移入，
If I were in America, I would've written this way: three primary groups of Asians immigrated to the US.
/ Right.
/ But I am not in America, so it is correct to say: ..emigrate to ...
/ Don't ask me why, but that's right. I always have to look at the dictionary; I forget the difference between them myself.
Ok, let's go ahead to the next paragraph.
The patterns of Asian immigration have changed greatly over the past thirty years. In nineteen seventy, ninety six percent of Asian Americans were Chinese, Japanese or Filipino. As of nineteen ninety seven, this percentage had dropped to fifty five percent. In that year, twenty four percent of Asian Americans claim Chinese ancestry, twenty one percent Filipino, and ten percent Japanese. The new comers among Asian Americans include the Indians, at thirteen percent, Vietnamese, at eleven percent, and Koreans also at eleven percent.
倒數(shù)第二行，--the second to the last line? ---the word "Indians", here we are referring to people from India. Otherwise we were referring to 美國Indians, today we usually say native Americans.
/ Line three, "...as of nineteen ninety seven, " ----> 到...為止，up to nineteen ninety seven. 但是這個as of有兩個含義，它也可以表示 from 的意思。___as of today, 從今天起，
As of tomorrow, 從明天起，from tomorrow on, you are supposed to report to me five times a day.
/ Oh, thank you, thank you, that's so much better than five times per hour that we have to do now.
/ 具體的情況要看上下文才能決定它的含義。
Line two, "...over the past thirty years...", 凡是有 over, through, during + the past, last, + 數(shù)字時間，five days, five hours, 前面的時態(tài)一般用現(xiàn)在完成時，或者是完成進行時，
He has been working hard over the past five years.
Ok, now let's go on.
What real numbers are we talking about? There were estimated to be nearly nine million six hundred thousand Asian Americans in the US in nineteen ninety seven. With such a high growth rate, there would be more than ten million of them this year, and perhaps thirty two million in twenty fifty, (2050), about eight percent of the total US population at that time. Where do Asian Americans live? Currently an astounding fourty percent of this regional group lives in California. Other states with relatively large Asian American populations include New York, Hawaii, Texas, New Jersey, Washington, the state, and Illinois, which contains Chicago. Overall, the West is home to fifty four percent of all Asian Americans, the Northeast nineteen percent, the South sixteen percent, and the Midwest eleven percent.
Well, here we have more statistics and facts with about ten million Asian Americans about four million live in California, and a million or more in Nor York, Hawaii, Texas, and large numbers also in New Jersey, the state of Washington, 在美國西北，and Illinois, which contains the third largest city in the US, Chicago. The West has more Asian Americans than any other group by far with the Northeast second.
/ ...Hawaii 的發(fā)音。
/ Yeah, if you go there, they are happy to hear you say that.
/ Right. ..Illinois, 發(fā)音。Chicago, 發(fā)音，
...the West is home to... home 前面沒有 the 的時候，后面跟 to,
如果前面有個 the, 后面跟 of, ...the home of...
/ America, the home of the brave.
/ 記?。?be home to, be the home of, 這都是固定的用法。
China is home to the panda, one of the world's most interesting animals.
/ Ok, let's finish up with our concluding paragraph.
_______astound, ---> amaze, astonish, surprise,
To astonish and bewilder.
震驚極為驚訝和迷惑不解
See: surprise
v
使大吃一驚
He was astounded when he heard his son had taken drugs.
他聽說他兒子吸毒,不禁大為驚訝。
What about future trends? As Asian nations continue to prosper, it is likely that they will contribute more to US immigration, especially from Southeast Asia and India. All of these groups continue to have above-average birth rates. On the other hand, Chinese and Japanese Americans have very low birth rates. Consequently, the percentage of these ethnic groups among the total will continue to fall. All in all, America can look forward to an increasingly large number of Asians enriching their new home with their diligence, investment and diverse cultural contributions.
Taking a look at the future and not just numbers, we can see that Chinese and Japanese Americans, although they have large numbers in the US, their relative percentage will continue to fall as even more numbers of other Asians go into the US. Also, we can expect that, the United States, as a country, will continue to be enriched, because of all these new cultures moving in, new kinds of food, new kinds of styles and fashions and ways to do things, new ideas. America has always been a collection of different people with different ideas, trying to work together. So we should have an even richer country, culturally and socially speaking in the future.
/ I have to confess that I noticed one big difference in terms of banking business. Before the, for some time, the banks in the area where my parents live in California, they actually, the, these banks usually close on Saturday, on Saturday morning. But now, ..open.
/ I think US society is moving to the twenty four hour society for everything in the future; that's probably what will happen.
/ If I feel hungry, I can go down the street and eat something anytime.
/ Yeah. It's so convenient now to live in the States.
Ok, let's go back and review unit nineteen; I'll be rereading the whole article through for you. You can either listen carefully to help your listening comprehension, or read through the dialog...rather than...I am sorry, article too as I read it for you aloud. 2031
/ ..diverse, 兩種念法，[i], [ai],
midwest, 美國中西部，可不能說成 the middle west, 而 middle east 則是指的中東。
/ Ok, that's it for this program and of course we invite you to join us next week as always. Till then, bye-bye.
____________Pan. 2003. 9. 28
****************************************************************************************************************
Lesson 19, Asian Americans.
In the last census conducted by the U.S. government in 1990, one fact caught manypeople by surprise: the percentage of Asian Americans had grown faster than any other segment of the population. European Americans had, as expected, continued their slow decline in percentage of the total US population, though they were still dominant at about 76%. Black Americans had stabilized at about 12% of the population. Hispanics had continued their fast growth and were, at 9%, aimed at toppling Black Americans as the country's largest minority group. The growth in Asian Americans, however, surged from only 2% of the total US population in the 1980 census to 3% in 1990. By the year 2000 at least 4% of Americans will be of Asian ancestry.
This relatively huge increase has caught many demographers by surprise. Clearly a new force is developing in US demography, but few people seem to appreciate its implications. The Asian Americans are here and are here to stay, but exactly who are they, and what does their rapid increase mean for the country as a whole?
As a multi-ethnic nation, it should not be surprising that Asian Americans are becoming an increasingly large and important sector of the "rainbow nation" some Americans prefer to think of their country as. Indeed, the only surprise about this segment growing so fast is why it has not occurred sooner. After all, Asia is home to 60% of all the people in the world. However, Asia is also a vast land, encompassing East, Southeast, South, and West Asia, each region significantly different from its neighbors. Further, there is no sense of unity within Asia, as there is, say, among European or Latin American countries. Indeed, the term "Asian Americans" is more a fiction of the European mind, since people from this area unfailingly refer to themselves as Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, etc, rather than as Asian-Americans.
For more than 100 years, three primary groups of Asians emigrated to the United States: Japanese, Chinese, and Filipino. However, since the end of the Vietnam War, other groups from Asia have become increasingly prominent, especially those from Vietnam, Korea, and India. In addition, Iranians and Israelis from Southwestern Asia have also entered the US in large numbers.
The patterns of Asian immigration have changed greatly over the past 30 years. In 1970, 96% of Asian Americans were Chinese, Japanese, or Filipino; as of 1997, this percentage had dropped to 55%! In that year, 24% of Asian Americans claimed Chinese ancestry, 21% Filipino, and 10% Japanese. The "newcomers" among Asian Americans include the Indians at 13%, Vietnamese at 11%, and Koreans also at 11%.
What real numbers are we talking about? There were estimated to be nearly 9600000 Asian Americans in the US in 1997. With such a high growth rate, there will be more than 10 million of them this year and perhaps 32 million in 2050 (about 8% of the total US population at that time). Where do Asian Americans live? Currently, an astounding 40% of this regional group lives in California. Other states with relatively large Asian American populations include New York, Hawaii, Texas, New Jersey, Washington (the state), and Illinois (which contains Chicago). Overall, the West is home to 54% of all Asian Americans, the Northest 19%, the South 16%, and the Midwest 11%.
What about future trends? As Asian nations continue to prosper, it is likely that they will contribute more to US immigration, especially from Southeast Asia and India. All of these groups continue to have above-average birth rates. On the other hand, Chinese and Japanese Americans have very low birth rates; consequently, the percentage of these ethnic groups among the total will continue to fall. All in all, America can look forward to an increasingly large number of Asians enriching their new home with their diligence, investment, and diverse cultural contributions.
Hello, everybody. Welcome again to Radio English on Sunday.
I'm Bruce,
/ This is Peter.
/ Unit nineteen today in your book. Today our lesson is about Asian Americans. We'll be telling you all about Asian Americans in the United States. Let's get ready for our reading. The first paragraph has a lot of statistics for you, so in case you are interested to know about how many Asians live in the US and who they are and where they live, we have all this information for you in today's lesson.
Please look at page one hundred fifty three with us and let's get ready to read and explain.
In the last census conducted by the US government in nineteen ninety, one fact caught many people by surprise: the percentage of Asian Americans had grown faster than any other segment of the population. European Americans had, as expected, continued their slow decline in percentage of the total US population, though they were still dominant at about seventy six percent. Black Americans had stabilized at about twelve percent of the population. Hispanics had continued their fast growth than were, at nine percent, aimed at toppling Black Americans at the country's largest minority group. The growth in Asian Americans, however, surged from only two percent of the total US population in the nineteen eighty census to three percent in nineteen ninety. By the year two thousand, at least four percent of Americans will be of Asian ancestry. This relatively huge increase has caught many demographers by surprise. Clearly a new force is developing in the US demography, but few people seem to appreciate its implications. The Asian Americans are here, and are here to stay, but exactly who are they? And what does their rapid increase mean for the country as a whole?
_______census, n,
n.
An official, usually periodic enumeration of a population, often including the collection of related demographic information.
人口普查一種官方的通常是階段性的人口統(tǒng)計詳表，通常包括大量相關的人口統(tǒng)計信息
_______demography, demographer,
n.
The study of the characteristics of human populations, such as size, growth, density, distribution, and vital statistics.
人口統(tǒng)計學對人口特征，例如數(shù)量、增長情況、密度、分布和人口動態(tài)統(tǒng)計等進行研究的學科
_______segment,
n.
Any of the parts into which something can be divided:
部分，片某些可被分割的任一片：
segments of the community; a segment of a television program.
社區(qū)的組成部分；電視節(jié)目的一個片斷
_______Hispanics,
adj.
Of or relating to Spain or Spanish-speaking Latin America.
西班牙的，西班牙語的屬于或關于西班牙的或拉丁美洲講的西班牙語的
Of or relating to a Spanish-speaking people or culture.
關于，屬于講西班牙語的民族或文化的
_______topple,
v.tr.
To push or throw over; overturn or overthrow.
使…跌倒通過推或扔的動作使…翻倒；翻倒或扔倒
See: overthrow
topple
v.intr.
To totter and fall.
跌倒
To lean over as if about to fall.
傾斜得好像要跌倒一樣
vi.,vt.
(高的東西)搖晃, 搖搖欲墜, 向前倒；*, *
topple down
(使)垮下來
topple over
推倒, 搖倒
（常與over, down連用）使傾覆；使倒塌；*；翻倒
The pile of books toppled onto the floor.
這堆書倒在了地板上。
_______surge,
v.intr.
To move in a billowing or swelling manner in or as if in waves.
洶涌象在波濤中顛簸或起伏地向前行動
See: rise
To roll or be tossed about on waves, as a boat.
顛簸，起伏象小船一樣地在波濤中顛簸或搖蕩
To move like advancing waves:
猛沖，蜂涌象波濤一樣地洶涌前進：
The fans surged forward to see the movie star.
影迷們洶涌地沖奔去看那個影星
To increase suddenly. Used of electric current or voltage.
猛增突然增加。用于電流或電壓
n.
巨浪, 波濤; 洶涌, 澎湃; 滾流, 起伏
一陣(怒氣, 疼痛等); 一批(涌來的人); 一股(電流等)
【電】電流急沖, 電涌
【航?！坷|繩滑脫; 急速松纜; (絞盤急速松纜的)錐形部;【機】波動, 湍振
the surge of the sea
海浪澎湃
a surge of pity
油然而生的憐憫之心
a surge of smoke
濃煙滾滾
The sea was rolling in immense surges.
大海上浪濤洶涌。
A surge of anger rushed over him .
他勃然大怒。
vi.
洶涌, 澎湃; 奔流, 滾滾流動, 起伏; (情緒)高漲, 激動; 蜂擁而來, 涌出
【電】電涌, 振蕩
【航海】纜繩滑脫; 松纜
(車輪)空轉打滑 -ging crowds 蜂擁的人群
A great wave surged over us.
巨浪打在我們身上。
A ship surges at anchor.
拋錨的船 隨波濤起伏。
Anger surged (up)within him.
他胸中怒氣洶涌。
Blood surged to his face.
血涌到他的臉上。
The crowd surged out of the stadium.
人群從體育場涌出。
The stock market surged today.
今天股票上漲。
The floods surged over the valley.
洪水在山谷中洶涌流過。
（感情）起伏，高漲
Wow, this is a mouthful.
/ Yeah, this is a mouthful. 本來是“滿口的東西”,在這里是什么意思呢？
/ This means that we have a lot of information or a lot of important things in a short time or in a small place. So we are talking about a lot of statistics here; it's quite a bit of information in the first paragraph. Well, you think you might not know is that the US government has a census or a counting of its people every ten years since seventeen ninety, this has been going on. And we find from nineteen eighty, through the year two thousand, we are now recalling this in the year two thousand, the number of Asians has doubled from two percent to four percent of the American population. Its relative population has doubled in just twenty years. And this has surprised a lot of people who study population, we call them demographers. We have far four large groups within the US; this is the way demographers talk about the people who live in the US. European Americans, often called White or Caucasians 白種人, are about three quaters of the population; Black Americans twelve percent; Hispanics, this refers to people who come from either Spanish, or Portuguese speaking cultures or backgrounds. Because the US is in the New World, and is next to Latin America, many of its people were already in the US even before the other Europeans got there. Today Hispanics make up, or constitute, nine percent of the population, but they are increasing very rapidly. Some demographers think within ten or twenty years, their percent of the population will be higher than that of Black Americans, and then they will become the largest minority group in the country.
/ Mmm. Also American Indians count for a very small fraction.
/ Less than one percent.
/ Ok. In (Alosca 地名，阿拉斯加什么的), the place that I've been to, I saw a lot of American Indians over there,
/ Yeah?
/ uhh, to my surprise, in terms of their flash, you know, ..their ..appearance you know, they remind me of those Mongols, very very you know, very much like Chinese.
/ Yeah. They come from Northeastern Asia, which is northern China and (Sigbiria 地名), maybe Korea, and areas like that, maybe Mongolia. Ten thousand twenty thousand years ago, this was all one people one area. But remember the ..Ice, after the Ice Age, people could no longer go from North America to Asia, so, the, what we call American Indians are all from Asia. They are all Asians. They are Asian Americans and that's our topic for today.
Let's continue taking a look, now especially not at the whole US, but particularly at Asian Americans.
0608
As a multi-ethnic nation, it should not be surprising that Asian Americans are becoming an increasingly large and important sector of the "rainbow nation" some Americans prefer to think of their country as. Indeed, the only surprise about the segment growing so fast is why it has not occurred sooner. After all, Asia is home to sixty percent of all the people in the world. However, Asia is also a vast land, encompassing East, Southeast, South and West Asia, each region significantly different from its neighbors. Further, there is no sense of unity within Asia, as there is, say, among European or Latin American countries. Indeed, the term "Asian Americans" is more a fiction of the European mind, since people from this area unfailingly refer to themselves as Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, etc. rather than as Asian Americans.
______encompass, ---> compass, ---> include,
v.tr.
en.com.passed; en.com.pass.ing; en.com.pass.es;
To form a circle or ring around; surround.
圍繞組成一圈或成環(huán)行；包圍
See: surround
To enclose; envelop.
包圍；包裝
To constitute or include:
構成，包括：
a survey that encompassed a wide range of participants.
一份包括了廣泛參與人的評論
To accomplish; achieve.
完成；獲得
vt
包括，包含
The course will encompass physics, chemistry and biology.
課程將包括物理、化學和生物學。
包圍；圍繞
a reservoir encompassed by mountains
群山環(huán)繞的水庫
(= compass)
完工，促使
He encompassed the ruin of his enemies.
他使他的對手破產了。
______Filipino, [fili'pi:no]
So here we find out more about Asian Americans. It shouldn't be surprising that the numbers are increasing because there are more Asians than anybody else in the world. However, Asia, not only has a large population, it has very different large and important areas. East Asia is very different from, say, South Asia, or West Asia. And Asians usually don't think of themselves as Asians first; they think of themselves as Japanese or Indians or Israelite first before they think of themselves as Asians.
/ That's quite interesting. I think this also has to do with the (colons), I think.
/ You think so?
/ Oh, yeah. Because Indians, for example, do not look very much like Chinese.
/ Some of the Indians, especially in the North, look more like Europeans.
/ Right. And also Indonesians.
/ Yes.
/ You can very easily tell the difference between Indonesians and Chinese.
/ Oh, absolutely, yeah. There are different subraces or varieties of people throughout the Asia. When you go to West Asia, most of them are caucasian.
/ But I still remember a very famous saying by an astronaut. Did I tell you this before?
/ Tell me again.
/ Yeah, when he was in the space, look down into the earth, ...he was thinking that it was quite stupid of us to say that we would divide ourselves into so many countries. We actually are one family.
/ That's right. One family. Yeah, I heard the same thing. A group of astronauts from different countries, as they went around the world, on the first day, they proudly pointed to their own countries. On the second day, they pointed to their continents. And on the third day, they stopped pointing.
/ ...
/That's why Peter and I can get along.
/ Even though you are a miser. :D (....有時候真是有些過份。一個并不好笑的玩笑他可以講TMD n遍。：( _____Pan. )
/ Okok, next paragraph.
0944
For more than one hundred years, three primary groups of Asians emigrated to the US, Japanese, Chinese, and Filipino. However, since the end of the Vietnam War, other groups from Asia have become increasingly prominent, especially those from Vietnam, Korea, and India. In addition, Iranians and Israelis from Southwestern Asia have also entered the US in large numbers.
Here we take a look at the history of Asian Americans in this paragraph, also in the next paragraph. But here we learn that the Japanese, Chinese and Filipino were the largest Asian American groups for the past one hundred years. But since nineteen seventy five, at the end of Vietnam War, other countries have sent large numbers of their peoples to the US to live. Vietnam, Korea and India, as well as Iran and Israel have also sent large numbers of people to settle in the US.
/ emigrate, immigrate, 一個是移出，一個是移入，
If I were in America, I would've written this way: three primary groups of Asians immigrated to the US.
/ Right.
/ But I am not in America, so it is correct to say: ..emigrate to ...
/ Don't ask me why, but that's right. I always have to look at the dictionary; I forget the difference between them myself.
Ok, let's go ahead to the next paragraph.
The patterns of Asian immigration have changed greatly over the past thirty years. In nineteen seventy, ninety six percent of Asian Americans were Chinese, Japanese or Filipino. As of nineteen ninety seven, this percentage had dropped to fifty five percent. In that year, twenty four percent of Asian Americans claim Chinese ancestry, twenty one percent Filipino, and ten percent Japanese. The new comers among Asian Americans include the Indians, at thirteen percent, Vietnamese, at eleven percent, and Koreans also at eleven percent.
倒數(shù)第二行，--the second to the last line? ---the word "Indians", here we are referring to people from India. Otherwise we were referring to 美國Indians, today we usually say native Americans.
/ Line three, "...as of nineteen ninety seven, " ----> 到...為止，up to nineteen ninety seven. 但是這個as of有兩個含義，它也可以表示 from 的意思。___as of today, 從今天起，
As of tomorrow, 從明天起，from tomorrow on, you are supposed to report to me five times a day.
/ Oh, thank you, thank you, that's so much better than five times per hour that we have to do now.
/ 具體的情況要看上下文才能決定它的含義。
Line two, "...over the past thirty years...", 凡是有 over, through, during + the past, last, + 數(shù)字時間，five days, five hours, 前面的時態(tài)一般用現(xiàn)在完成時，或者是完成進行時，
He has been working hard over the past five years.
Ok, now let's go on.
What real numbers are we talking about? There were estimated to be nearly nine million six hundred thousand Asian Americans in the US in nineteen ninety seven. With such a high growth rate, there would be more than ten million of them this year, and perhaps thirty two million in twenty fifty, (2050), about eight percent of the total US population at that time. Where do Asian Americans live? Currently an astounding fourty percent of this regional group lives in California. Other states with relatively large Asian American populations include New York, Hawaii, Texas, New Jersey, Washington, the state, and Illinois, which contains Chicago. Overall, the West is home to fifty four percent of all Asian Americans, the Northeast nineteen percent, the South sixteen percent, and the Midwest eleven percent.
Well, here we have more statistics and facts with about ten million Asian Americans about four million live in California, and a million or more in Nor York, Hawaii, Texas, and large numbers also in New Jersey, the state of Washington, 在美國西北，and Illinois, which contains the third largest city in the US, Chicago. The West has more Asian Americans than any other group by far with the Northeast second.
/ ...Hawaii 的發(fā)音。
/ Yeah, if you go there, they are happy to hear you say that.
/ Right. ..Illinois, 發(fā)音。Chicago, 發(fā)音，
...the West is home to... home 前面沒有 the 的時候，后面跟 to,
如果前面有個 the, 后面跟 of, ...the home of...
/ America, the home of the brave.
/ 記?。?be home to, be the home of, 這都是固定的用法。
China is home to the panda, one of the world's most interesting animals.
/ Ok, let's finish up with our concluding paragraph.
_______astound, ---> amaze, astonish, surprise,
To astonish and bewilder.
震驚極為驚訝和迷惑不解
See: surprise
v
使大吃一驚
He was astounded when he heard his son had taken drugs.
他聽說他兒子吸毒,不禁大為驚訝。
What about future trends? As Asian nations continue to prosper, it is likely that they will contribute more to US immigration, especially from Southeast Asia and India. All of these groups continue to have above-average birth rates. On the other hand, Chinese and Japanese Americans have very low birth rates. Consequently, the percentage of these ethnic groups among the total will continue to fall. All in all, America can look forward to an increasingly large number of Asians enriching their new home with their diligence, investment and diverse cultural contributions.
Taking a look at the future and not just numbers, we can see that Chinese and Japanese Americans, although they have large numbers in the US, their relative percentage will continue to fall as even more numbers of other Asians go into the US. Also, we can expect that, the United States, as a country, will continue to be enriched, because of all these new cultures moving in, new kinds of food, new kinds of styles and fashions and ways to do things, new ideas. America has always been a collection of different people with different ideas, trying to work together. So we should have an even richer country, culturally and socially speaking in the future.
/ I have to confess that I noticed one big difference in terms of banking business. Before the, for some time, the banks in the area where my parents live in California, they actually, the, these banks usually close on Saturday, on Saturday morning. But now, ..open.
/ I think US society is moving to the twenty four hour society for everything in the future; that's probably what will happen.
/ If I feel hungry, I can go down the street and eat something anytime.
/ Yeah. It's so convenient now to live in the States.
Ok, let's go back and review unit nineteen; I'll be rereading the whole article through for you. You can either listen carefully to help your listening comprehension, or read through the dialog...rather than...I am sorry, article too as I read it for you aloud. 2031
/ ..diverse, 兩種念法，[i], [ai],
midwest, 美國中西部，可不能說成 the middle west, 而 middle east 則是指的中東。
/ Ok, that's it for this program and of course we invite you to join us next week as always. Till then, bye-bye.
____________Pan. 2003. 9. 28
****************************************************************************************************************
Lesson 19, Asian Americans.
In the last census conducted by the U.S. government in 1990, one fact caught manypeople by surprise: the percentage of Asian Americans had grown faster than any other segment of the population. European Americans had, as expected, continued their slow decline in percentage of the total US population, though they were still dominant at about 76%. Black Americans had stabilized at about 12% of the population. Hispanics had continued their fast growth and were, at 9%, aimed at toppling Black Americans as the country's largest minority group. The growth in Asian Americans, however, surged from only 2% of the total US population in the 1980 census to 3% in 1990. By the year 2000 at least 4% of Americans will be of Asian ancestry.
This relatively huge increase has caught many demographers by surprise. Clearly a new force is developing in US demography, but few people seem to appreciate its implications. The Asian Americans are here and are here to stay, but exactly who are they, and what does their rapid increase mean for the country as a whole?
As a multi-ethnic nation, it should not be surprising that Asian Americans are becoming an increasingly large and important sector of the "rainbow nation" some Americans prefer to think of their country as. Indeed, the only surprise about this segment growing so fast is why it has not occurred sooner. After all, Asia is home to 60% of all the people in the world. However, Asia is also a vast land, encompassing East, Southeast, South, and West Asia, each region significantly different from its neighbors. Further, there is no sense of unity within Asia, as there is, say, among European or Latin American countries. Indeed, the term "Asian Americans" is more a fiction of the European mind, since people from this area unfailingly refer to themselves as Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, etc, rather than as Asian-Americans.
For more than 100 years, three primary groups of Asians emigrated to the United States: Japanese, Chinese, and Filipino. However, since the end of the Vietnam War, other groups from Asia have become increasingly prominent, especially those from Vietnam, Korea, and India. In addition, Iranians and Israelis from Southwestern Asia have also entered the US in large numbers.
The patterns of Asian immigration have changed greatly over the past 30 years. In 1970, 96% of Asian Americans were Chinese, Japanese, or Filipino; as of 1997, this percentage had dropped to 55%! In that year, 24% of Asian Americans claimed Chinese ancestry, 21% Filipino, and 10% Japanese. The "newcomers" among Asian Americans include the Indians at 13%, Vietnamese at 11%, and Koreans also at 11%.
What real numbers are we talking about? There were estimated to be nearly 9600000 Asian Americans in the US in 1997. With such a high growth rate, there will be more than 10 million of them this year and perhaps 32 million in 2050 (about 8% of the total US population at that time). Where do Asian Americans live? Currently, an astounding 40% of this regional group lives in California. Other states with relatively large Asian American populations include New York, Hawaii, Texas, New Jersey, Washington (the state), and Illinois (which contains Chicago). Overall, the West is home to 54% of all Asian Americans, the Northest 19%, the South 16%, and the Midwest 11%.
What about future trends? As Asian nations continue to prosper, it is likely that they will contribute more to US immigration, especially from Southeast Asia and India. All of these groups continue to have above-average birth rates. On the other hand, Chinese and Japanese Americans have very low birth rates; consequently, the percentage of these ethnic groups among the total will continue to fall. All in all, America can look forward to an increasingly large number of Asians enriching their new home with their diligence, investment, and diverse cultural contributions.