2021年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解長(zhǎng)難句解析

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不做“說(shuō)話的巨人,行動(dòng)的矮子”。說(shuō)再多的漂亮話,也不如做一件實(shí)實(shí)在在的漂亮事,行動(dòng)永遠(yuǎn)是邁向成功的第一步,想永遠(yuǎn)只會(huì)在原地踏步。對(duì)于考試而言亦是如此,每天進(jìn)步一點(diǎn)點(diǎn),基礎(chǔ)扎實(shí)一點(diǎn)點(diǎn),通過考試就會(huì)更容易一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。以下為“2021年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解長(zhǎng)難句解析”,歡迎閱讀參考!更多相關(guān)訊息請(qǐng)關(guān)注!
    
    【篇一】2021年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解長(zhǎng)難句解析
    一、 Researchers documented claims of environmental friendliness made by about 2,000 products and found many too vague or too misleading to meet ISO standards. (05.6 Passage 2)
    分析主干:Researchers documented claims and found...
    句子的謂語(yǔ)含and 連接的兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞。前一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞documented 接賓語(yǔ)claims,該賓語(yǔ)含兩個(gè)后置定語(yǔ):of 引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)以及過去分詞短語(yǔ)made by...。后一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是found,用了“find +賓語(yǔ)(many)+補(bǔ)語(yǔ)(too vague or too misleading)”結(jié)構(gòu)。too... to...“太......而不能”,短語(yǔ)不定式to meet...作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。
    譯文:研究者記錄下了約2000 種產(chǎn)品所做的環(huán)保聲明,并發(fā)現(xiàn)許多聲明要么太模糊,要么會(huì)引起誤導(dǎo)。結(jié)果都不符合ISO 的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
    二、When next year's crop of high-school graduates arrive at Oxford University in the fall of 2009, they'll be joined by a new face: Andrew Hamilton, the 55-year-old provost (教務(wù)長(zhǎng)) of Yale, who'll become Oxford's vice-chancellor—a position equivalent to university president in America. (09.12 Passage 2)
    分析主干:they'll be joined by a new face...
    when...是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句.主句是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),由by 引出動(dòng)詞join 的發(fā)出者a newface,其后的Andrew Hamilton 和the 55-year-old provost of Yale 都是a new face 的同位語(yǔ)。此外,這幾個(gè)同位語(yǔ)有一個(gè)who 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾,定語(yǔ)從句中的名詞短語(yǔ)a position equivalent...也是vice-chancellor 的同位語(yǔ)。
    譯文:2009 年秋,當(dāng)明年的新的一批高中畢業(yè)生前往牛津大學(xué)就讀時(shí),他們將迎來(lái)一張新面孔:安德魯.漢密爾頓。這位現(xiàn)年55 歲的耶魯大學(xué)教務(wù)長(zhǎng)即將出任牛津大學(xué)的副校長(zhǎng)—這個(gè)職位與美國(guó)的大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)相當(dāng)。
    三、The board ultimately picked Bruce Benson, a 69-year-old Colorado businessman and political activist (活動(dòng)家) who is likely to do well in the main task of modern university presidents: fund-raising. (09.12 Passage 2)
    分析主干:The board picked Bruce Benson...
    1.a 69-year-old Colorado businessman and political activist 是由連詞and 引導(dǎo)的并列成分。注意,and 后面沒有用不定冠詞,表示的是“一個(gè)商人兼政治活動(dòng)家”。該并列結(jié)構(gòu)作Bruce Benson 的同位語(yǔ),它后面還有一個(gè)who 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。
    2.冒號(hào)后的fund-raising 作the main task 的同位語(yǔ)。
    譯文:該董事會(huì)最終任命了69 歲的布魯斯窯本森,他是一位科羅拉多商人和政治活動(dòng)家,應(yīng)該能夠很好地承擔(dān)起現(xiàn)代大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)的主要職責(zé):籌集資金。
    四、Scientists have devised a way to determine roughly where a person has lived using a strand (縷) of hair, a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims. (09.6 Passage 2)
    分析主干:Scientists have devised a way to..., a technique that...
    1.主干部分動(dòng)詞devised 的賓語(yǔ)是a way,其后有一個(gè)不定式短語(yǔ)to determine...作后置定語(yǔ);a technique 是對(duì)a way 的詳細(xì)說(shuō)明,是a way 的同位語(yǔ)(注意,這不是并列成分)。
    2.determine 帶了一個(gè)由where 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)using...修飾動(dòng)詞determine,是它的方式狀語(yǔ)。
    3.that 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾a technique;help track...中的track 是省略了to 的不定式,表示help 的目的。
    譯文:科學(xué)家發(fā)明了一種辦法,使用一縷頭發(fā)來(lái)大致判定一個(gè)人在哪里生活過,這種技術(shù)有助于追查犯罪嫌疑人的或者身份不明的謀殺案受害者生前的行蹤。
    五、Whoever it is, they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen-the 21st century equivalent of being caught naked. (08.6 Passage 2)
    分析主干:they will see you
    Whoever it is 是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,“不管那是誰(shuí)”。主句的方式狀語(yǔ)in a way 后有一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句省略了關(guān)系詞。破折號(hào)后的內(nèi)容the... equivalent...是對(duì)a way 的進(jìn)一步解釋和說(shuō)明,相當(dāng)于a way 的同位語(yǔ)。譯文無(wú)論是誰(shuí),他們都會(huì)以一種你始料未及的方式窺視你要-這在21 世紀(jì)就相當(dāng)于你* 體時(shí)被別人撞見。
    【篇二】2021年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解長(zhǎng)難句解析
    一、 Just five one-hundredths of an inch thick, light golden in color and with a perfect "saddle curl,"the Lay's potato chip seems an unlikely weapon for global domination. (06.1 Passage 1)
    分析主干:the (Lay's) potato chip seems an (unlikely) weapon
    a weapon for global domination"一種用來(lái)主宰全球的武器",指具有全球競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的食品。主語(yǔ)前是三個(gè)并列的短語(yǔ),中心詞分別是thick, golden 和with a... curl。這種形容詞或介詞短語(yǔ)一般用來(lái)作定語(yǔ),但是本句中,它們位于句首,表示主語(yǔ)的某種屬性,可
    以看做原因狀語(yǔ)。
    譯文:樂事薯片的厚度只有0.05 英寸,呈淺淺的金黃色,帶有完美的馬鞍形狀的弧度,它似乎不像是一種能夠主宰全球的食品。
    二、We're saying we want you to work in these places, we蒺re going to look the other way in terms of what our laws are, and then when it's convenient for us, or when we can try to make a point in terms of national security, especially after Sept. 11, then you're disposable. (06.6 Passage 2)
    分析主干:We're saying... and... you're disposable.
    句中含有多個(gè)分句,具有口語(yǔ)色彩。從大的結(jié)構(gòu)上來(lái)說(shuō),是and 連接兩個(gè)分句構(gòu)成的并列句。前一個(gè)分句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是are saying,它帶了兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句:we want you to...和we're going to look...。in terms of 后面的what 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。后一個(gè)分句含兩個(gè)when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
    譯文:我們一直在說(shuō)我們想讓你們?cè)谶@些地方工作,至于我們的法律是怎么規(guī)定的,我們會(huì)裝糊涂。然后,當(dāng)我們方便的時(shí)候,或者當(dāng)我們可以著力證明加強(qiáng)國(guó)防安全的必要的時(shí)候,尤其是在9.11 以后,這時(shí),你們就可以打發(fā)掉了。
    三、"Global"does not mean products that are consciously identified as American, but ones that consumers-especially young people-see as part of a modern, innovative (創(chuàng)新的) world in which people are linked across cultures by shared beliefs and tastes. (06.1 Passage 1)
    分析主干:"Global"does not mean products (that...) but ones (that...)
    謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞mean 帶了兩個(gè)由not... but 連接的名詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)。兩個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ)都有定語(yǔ)從句修飾。在修飾ones 的定語(yǔ)從句中,破折號(hào)內(nèi)的內(nèi)容起強(qiáng)調(diào)補(bǔ)充的作用;inwhich 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾world。
    譯文:“全球”并不意味著被認(rèn)為是美國(guó)的產(chǎn)品,而是指被消費(fèi)者,特別是年輕人看做是一個(gè)現(xiàn)代和富有創(chuàng)新的世界中的其中一部分產(chǎn)品,在這個(gè)世界里,來(lái)自不同文化的人們通過相同的信念和趣味而聯(lián)系在一起。
    四、Last year the influential trade show Designers & Agents stopped charging its participation fee for young green entrepreneurs (企業(yè)家) who attend its two springtime shows in Los Angeles and New York and gave special recognition to designers whose collections are at least 25% sustainable. (09.6 Passage 1)
    分析主干:the trade show Designers & Agents stopped charging... and gave recognition to designers...
    1.主句的主語(yǔ)部分是兩個(gè)同位的名詞詞組,the influential trade show 和Designers & Agents。主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是and 并列連接的stopped 和gave。
    2.第一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞stopped 用動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)charging...作賓語(yǔ)。該動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)是charge fee for 結(jié)構(gòu)。who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾entrepreneurs。
    3.第二個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是gave,用了give recognition to...結(jié)構(gòu)。whose 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾designers。
    譯文:去年,頗具影響力的貿(mào)易展Designers & Agents 向參加洛杉磯和紐約兩次春展的年輕的倡導(dǎo)綠色設(shè)計(jì)的企業(yè)家們免收參展費(fèi),并且向那些設(shè)計(jì)的服裝至少使用了25%的有機(jī)布料的設(shè)計(jì)師們給予了特別的贊譽(yù)。
    五、 Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store, but instead will alert their friends, relatives, co-workers, strangers and anyone who will listen. (08.12 Passage 2)
    分析主干:Shoppers (seldom) complain... but will alert their friends...
    1.這是個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句,but 引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)并列的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,語(yǔ)義上是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。
    2.complain的賓語(yǔ)是or 引導(dǎo)的兩個(gè)并列的名詞,而alert 的賓語(yǔ)是and 連接的5 個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ),在語(yǔ)言形式上突出了語(yǔ)義上的對(duì)比關(guān)系。句末的who 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾anyone。
    譯文:顧客很少直接向零售店的經(jīng)理或店主投訴,而是會(huì)將他們不愉快的購(gòu)物經(jīng)歷告訴他們的朋友、親戚、同事、陌生人--以及任何愿意聽他們抱怨的人。
    【篇三】2021年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解長(zhǎng)難句解析
    一、 Because few mainstream publications have done in-depth features on regular African-American women, little is known about who we are, what we think and what we face on a regular basis. (09.12 Passage 1)
    分析主干:little is known (about...)
    1.Because 引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
    2.主句中的介詞about 帶有三個(gè)并列的賓語(yǔ)從句,分別由who, what 和what 引導(dǎo)。
    3.句中的features 在媒體中指“專題介紹、特寫報(bào)道”。
    譯文:因?yàn)閹缀鯖]有主流刊物對(duì)一般的非裔美國(guó)婦女進(jìn)行過深入的專題報(bào)道,人們幾乎不了解我們的性情、我們的思想和我們通常所面臨的問題。
    二、 Many African-American blogs have written about what they‘d like to see Michelle bring to the White House—mainly showing the world that a black woman can support her man and raise a strong black family. (09.12 Passage 1)
    分析主干:Many blogs have written (about...)
    1.what 引導(dǎo)的從句作介詞about 的賓語(yǔ)。
    2.該賓語(yǔ)從句用了see sb. do 的結(jié)構(gòu)。bring(what) to...“給......帶來(lái)什么東西”是省略to 的不定式作賓語(yǔ)Michelle 的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。
    3.破折號(hào)后的動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作what 的同位語(yǔ),也就是Michelle 帶到白宮的東西的內(nèi)容。raise a family 中的family 指“孩子”,整個(gè)詞組的意思是“養(yǎng)家糊口”。
    譯文:很多非裔美國(guó)人在他們的博客中寫到,他們想看到米歇爾會(huì)給白宮帶來(lái)些什么要—主要是向世界展示,一個(gè)黑人婦女有能力支持她的丈夫,并操持一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的黑人家庭。
    三、The method relies on measuring how chemical variations in drinking water showup in people‘s hair. (09.6 Passage 2)
    分析主干:The method relies on...
    本句難點(diǎn)在理解measuring 的賓語(yǔ),它就是how 引導(dǎo)的從句。從句的主干是:how variations... show up...。
    譯文:這種方法的依據(jù)是測(cè)量飲用水中的化學(xué)物質(zhì)在人的頭發(fā)中的變化。
    四、Global warming may or may not be the great environmental crisis of the 21st century, but—regardless of whether it is or isn‘t—we won’t do much about it. (08.6 Passage 1)
    分析主干:Global warming may or may not be the crisis... but we won‘t do much...
    句子主干是個(gè)并列句,由but 連接的兩個(gè)分句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。前一個(gè)分句用了復(fù)合謂語(yǔ),是肯定形式和否定形式并列的結(jié)構(gòu),利用了情態(tài)動(dòng)詞來(lái)省略。后一個(gè)分句包含一個(gè)復(fù)雜介詞regardless of 引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ),表示“不管”,of 后面接了一個(gè)whether 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。
    譯文:全球變暖有可能是21 世紀(jì)巨大的環(huán)境危機(jī),也有可能不是,但是—無(wú)論它是或不是—我們都對(duì)此無(wú)能為力。
    五、A survey found an overwhelming pessimism about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is “slipping away, and that bothers me.”(08.6 Passage 2)
    分析主干:A survey found an (overwhelming) pessimism...
    句中with 引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ),其后帶了復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)(即賓語(yǔ)+補(bǔ)語(yǔ))。該復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)用現(xiàn)在分詞saying 作補(bǔ)語(yǔ),saying 還帶了一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句they feel...,而feel 也帶有賓語(yǔ)從句,由and 連接兩個(gè)分句their privacy is slipping away 和that bothers me 構(gòu)成。
    譯文:一次調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)人們對(duì)于隱私普遍持悲觀態(tài)度,60%的受訪者說(shuō)他們覺得隱私正在“離自己遠(yuǎn)去,而這讓我很憂心?!?BR>