Urban Warfare: The Underdog's First Battlefield Choice
巷戰(zhàn)：弱者作戰(zhàn)的首選
By ALAN COWELL
★urban warfare, “城市戰(zhàn)，巷戰(zhàn)”。此外，常見(jiàn)的還有g(shù)uerrilla warfare 游擊戰(zhàn)，nuclear warfare 核大戰(zhàn)， trench warfare 陣地戰(zhàn)，以及psychological warfare 心理戰(zhàn)。underdog, “可能會(huì)輸?shù)模蛱幱诹觿?shì)的人或隊(duì)伍”: In their football match with Brazil, Switzerland are the underdogs. 與巴西隊(duì)進(jìn)行足球比賽的瑞士隊(duì)是個(gè)弱隊(duì)。I'm going to campaign like the underdog, and I think that's the way to get elected. 我要以弱勢(shì)的身份參加競(jìng)選，并且我認(rèn)為（只有）這樣才能當(dāng)選。（戈?duì)栒Z(yǔ)）
LONDON, March 26 ：Each battered high-rise becomes a sniper's aerie, each deserted thoroughfare an ambush zone. In this kind of warfare, advances and retreats are measured in blocks or half-blocks, or even just houses. In the calculations of battle, the shield of technology gives way to human failings and human skills，speed and deception, close knowledge of streets and alleys.
倫敦，3月26日：每座殘破的建筑都成為狙擊手的藏身之所，每條廢棄的街道都是展開(kāi)伏擊的戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)。在這種戰(zhàn)斗中，攻守雙方的前進(jìn)、后撤是以一個(gè)或半個(gè)街區(qū)為計(jì)算單位的，乃至小到一所房子。在考量這種戰(zhàn)斗時(shí)，高技術(shù)的庇護(hù)將讓位于人性的弱點(diǎn)、技能、反應(yīng)速度和計(jì)謀，以及對(duì)街巷的熟悉程度。
★aerie=eyrie, “建在巖石高處的鷹或其他猛禽的巢”，其他表示“巢，穴，或窩”的還有nest, lair, den, burrow. thoroughfare, “大街，大道，通衢”：The strand is one of London's busiest thoroughfares. 斯特蘭德大街是倫敦最熱鬧的要道之一。calculation, “計(jì)謀，盤(pán)算，深思熟慮，慎重的計(jì)劃”：He lied with cold calculation. 他經(jīng)過(guò)冷靜的盤(pán)算后說(shuō)了謊。give way to, 此處意為“讓位”：Steam trains gave way to electric trains. 蒸汽火車(chē)讓位于電氣火車(chē)。它的意思還有：（1）“屈服，不再堅(jiān)持”：My new evidence forced him to give way. 我的新證據(jù)迫使他屈服；（2）“垮掉，崩潰”：The floor gave way under the heavy weight. 地板被重物壓塌了；（3）“讓路”：You must give way when you come to this junction. 你到了這個(gè)路口必須讓路；（4）“聽(tīng)任自己表現(xiàn)（某種情感）”：He gave way to tears. 他痛哭流涕。
Since Stalingrad and Berlin in the Second World War, to the American assault on Hue, Vietnam, in 1968 and on to the war zones of Beirut or Nablus, Belfast or Mogadishu, urban warfare has become a central part of the underdog's arsenal，a fight without scruples for the high ground of propaganda that exploits civilian losses and denies the intruder's superior might.
從第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中的斯大林格勒和柏林，到1968年美軍攻打的越南順化，直到貝魯特、納布盧斯、貝爾法斯特和摩加迪沙的戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)，巷戰(zhàn)已經(jīng)成為弱小者武備的核心部分，是一種罔顧大肆渲染平民傷亡的宣傳攻勢(shì)并蔑視入侵者優(yōu)勢(shì)武力的作戰(zhàn)樣式。
★arsenal, “兵工廠，軍火庫(kù)”，也指“一大批儲(chǔ)備的武器”：The country has agreed to reduce its nuclear arsenal. 該國(guó)同意削減其核武器數(shù)量。近義詞有depot, depository, repository, armory（武器庫(kù)），inventory（存貨清單）等。high ground, “a position of advantage or preeminence 有利的地位，或突出的地位”，在成語(yǔ) claim the moral high ground中就是這個(gè)意思，該成語(yǔ)的意思是“聲稱(chēng)在道德上比別人高貴”：Both the media and the politicians are trying to claim the moral high ground. 媒體和政客們都試圖表明自己在道德上的優(yōu)越。
And it is precisely that messy, manipulative and murderous kind of fighting between conventional forces and elusive defenders that could beckon Americans as they approach Baghdad.
正是這開(kāi)展于正規(guī)軍隊(duì)與來(lái)去無(wú)蹤的守衛(wèi)者之間混亂的、機(jī)動(dòng)靈活的、血腥的戰(zhàn)斗在等待著向巴格達(dá)挺進(jìn)的美軍。
★beckon, “示意，召喚”，這里用作比喻意，又如：I'd like to stay – but work beckons, you know! 我愿意多呆一會(huì)兒 – 但是，你知道，工作在召喚我呀！
巷戰(zhàn)：弱者作戰(zhàn)的首選
By ALAN COWELL
★urban warfare, “城市戰(zhàn)，巷戰(zhàn)”。此外，常見(jiàn)的還有g(shù)uerrilla warfare 游擊戰(zhàn)，nuclear warfare 核大戰(zhàn)， trench warfare 陣地戰(zhàn)，以及psychological warfare 心理戰(zhàn)。underdog, “可能會(huì)輸?shù)模蛱幱诹觿?shì)的人或隊(duì)伍”: In their football match with Brazil, Switzerland are the underdogs. 與巴西隊(duì)進(jìn)行足球比賽的瑞士隊(duì)是個(gè)弱隊(duì)。I'm going to campaign like the underdog, and I think that's the way to get elected. 我要以弱勢(shì)的身份參加競(jìng)選，并且我認(rèn)為（只有）這樣才能當(dāng)選。（戈?duì)栒Z(yǔ)）
LONDON, March 26 ：Each battered high-rise becomes a sniper's aerie, each deserted thoroughfare an ambush zone. In this kind of warfare, advances and retreats are measured in blocks or half-blocks, or even just houses. In the calculations of battle, the shield of technology gives way to human failings and human skills，speed and deception, close knowledge of streets and alleys.
倫敦，3月26日：每座殘破的建筑都成為狙擊手的藏身之所，每條廢棄的街道都是展開(kāi)伏擊的戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)。在這種戰(zhàn)斗中，攻守雙方的前進(jìn)、后撤是以一個(gè)或半個(gè)街區(qū)為計(jì)算單位的，乃至小到一所房子。在考量這種戰(zhàn)斗時(shí)，高技術(shù)的庇護(hù)將讓位于人性的弱點(diǎn)、技能、反應(yīng)速度和計(jì)謀，以及對(duì)街巷的熟悉程度。
★aerie=eyrie, “建在巖石高處的鷹或其他猛禽的巢”，其他表示“巢，穴，或窩”的還有nest, lair, den, burrow. thoroughfare, “大街，大道，通衢”：The strand is one of London's busiest thoroughfares. 斯特蘭德大街是倫敦最熱鬧的要道之一。calculation, “計(jì)謀，盤(pán)算，深思熟慮，慎重的計(jì)劃”：He lied with cold calculation. 他經(jīng)過(guò)冷靜的盤(pán)算后說(shuō)了謊。give way to, 此處意為“讓位”：Steam trains gave way to electric trains. 蒸汽火車(chē)讓位于電氣火車(chē)。它的意思還有：（1）“屈服，不再堅(jiān)持”：My new evidence forced him to give way. 我的新證據(jù)迫使他屈服；（2）“垮掉，崩潰”：The floor gave way under the heavy weight. 地板被重物壓塌了；（3）“讓路”：You must give way when you come to this junction. 你到了這個(gè)路口必須讓路；（4）“聽(tīng)任自己表現(xiàn)（某種情感）”：He gave way to tears. 他痛哭流涕。
Since Stalingrad and Berlin in the Second World War, to the American assault on Hue, Vietnam, in 1968 and on to the war zones of Beirut or Nablus, Belfast or Mogadishu, urban warfare has become a central part of the underdog's arsenal，a fight without scruples for the high ground of propaganda that exploits civilian losses and denies the intruder's superior might.
從第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中的斯大林格勒和柏林，到1968年美軍攻打的越南順化，直到貝魯特、納布盧斯、貝爾法斯特和摩加迪沙的戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)，巷戰(zhàn)已經(jīng)成為弱小者武備的核心部分，是一種罔顧大肆渲染平民傷亡的宣傳攻勢(shì)并蔑視入侵者優(yōu)勢(shì)武力的作戰(zhàn)樣式。
★arsenal, “兵工廠，軍火庫(kù)”，也指“一大批儲(chǔ)備的武器”：The country has agreed to reduce its nuclear arsenal. 該國(guó)同意削減其核武器數(shù)量。近義詞有depot, depository, repository, armory（武器庫(kù)），inventory（存貨清單）等。high ground, “a position of advantage or preeminence 有利的地位，或突出的地位”，在成語(yǔ) claim the moral high ground中就是這個(gè)意思，該成語(yǔ)的意思是“聲稱(chēng)在道德上比別人高貴”：Both the media and the politicians are trying to claim the moral high ground. 媒體和政客們都試圖表明自己在道德上的優(yōu)越。
And it is precisely that messy, manipulative and murderous kind of fighting between conventional forces and elusive defenders that could beckon Americans as they approach Baghdad.
正是這開(kāi)展于正規(guī)軍隊(duì)與來(lái)去無(wú)蹤的守衛(wèi)者之間混亂的、機(jī)動(dòng)靈活的、血腥的戰(zhàn)斗在等待著向巴格達(dá)挺進(jìn)的美軍。
★beckon, “示意，召喚”，這里用作比喻意，又如：I'd like to stay – but work beckons, you know! 我愿意多呆一會(huì)兒 – 但是，你知道，工作在召喚我呀！