英語像漢語一樣在不斷地發(fā)展與變化,外國(guó)人學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)代英語,非多看中國(guó)報(bào)刊、多聽中文廣播或多看中文電視不可。同樣,我們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)代英語時(shí),也要盡可能經(jīng)常接觸英語報(bào)刊、廣播。毫不夸張他說,當(dāng)今社會(huì)日新月異的發(fā)展成百倍地拓展了現(xiàn)代英語的涵蓋范疇,以至于有人戲言,倘若莎士比亞再生,恐怕也要淪為文盲。而英語世界里這一日千里的變遷和由此帶來的新生事物,除了報(bào)刊等英語新聞媒體外,幾乎找不到更好的手段予以詳細(xì)記錄?,F(xiàn)代英語已與我們的長(zhǎng)輩幾十年以前從課本上學(xué)到的英語有了區(qū)別。雖說是大同小異,但小異在哪兒?簡(jiǎn)便的方法就是從英語報(bào)刊等新聞媒介中尋找。可見,新聞?dòng)⒄Z無疑將有助于我們學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)代英語的各種實(shí)用文體與風(fēng)格,擴(kuò)大學(xué)習(xí)視野,豐富各方面的知識(shí)。
英語報(bào)刊集現(xiàn)代英語之大成,如總統(tǒng)莊嚴(yán)的聲明,民眾輕松的閑聊,各學(xué)科的術(shù)語,各領(lǐng)域的行話,風(fēng)土人情乃至市井俚語,英語報(bào)刊無所不包,從而有利于我們廣大英語愛好者根據(jù)自己的需要和愛好各取所需。不難理解,英語報(bào)刊是我們學(xué)習(xí)和掌握現(xiàn)代英語實(shí)用的途徑之一,其鮮明七實(shí)用的詞匯特色集中表現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面:
1.漢語新詞英譯俯拾即是現(xiàn)代社會(huì)發(fā)展迅猛,其結(jié)果之一便是新詞語不斷涌現(xiàn)。新中國(guó)成立以來,尤其是改革開放以來,現(xiàn)代漢語中出現(xiàn)了大量的新詞匯,包括舊詞新義、流行語、外來新詞語等;甚至不少己湮沒多年的舊詞語也頻頻亮相,給人們,尤其是年輕一代,以耳目一新之感。在改革開放的今天,由于詞典等工具書的編纂周期難以趕上現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中新詞語的產(chǎn)生速度,廣大英語學(xué)習(xí)者面臨的一大難題就是,如何把這些新詞語譯成地道的英語。而英語報(bào)刊正好起到了為一般雙語詞典“拾遺補(bǔ)缺”的作用,如“雙休日”、“拳頭產(chǎn)品”、“人才流動(dòng)”、“外向型經(jīng)濟(jì)”、“三資企業(yè)”、“掃黃運(yùn)動(dòng)”、“不正之風(fēng)”、“小康水平”、 “退居二線”、“有償新聞”,“與國(guó)際接軌”等詞語的英譯,首先都是見諸英語報(bào)端的。現(xiàn)列舉幾則摘自英語報(bào)刊含有這類新詞語英語表達(dá)的實(shí)例,以資佐證:
1) Taking advantage of the two-day dayoffs,he basked in the spring sunshine with his family.(他和家人一起沐浴在春天的陽光之下,享受雙休日所帶來的樂趣。)
2) The central government called on every region to develop its own export-oriented hit products according to its local advantages and characteristic.(中央政府號(hào)召各地利用本地優(yōu)勢(shì)和特點(diǎn)開發(fā)當(dāng)?shù)氐某隹谛腿^產(chǎn)品。)
3) In order to fully tap the human resources,the rational flow of trained personnel should not only be allowed but also be encouraged.(為了充分發(fā)掘人才潛力,不僅應(yīng)該允許人才合理流動(dòng),而且還要鼓勵(lì)人才流動(dòng)。)
4) To further develop the export一oriented economy, Shanghai is to make a number of preferential policies soon to encourage business people both at home and abroad to set up more enterprises in the the three forms of ventures,i.e. enterprises for Sino-foreign joint venture, for Sino-foreign co-production and enterprises with sole foreign capital.(為了進(jìn)一步發(fā)展外向型經(jīng)濟(jì),上海近將出臺(tái)一系列優(yōu)惠政策,以鼓勵(lì)國(guó)內(nèi)外經(jīng)營(yíng)者創(chuàng)建更多的三資企業(yè),即中外合資企業(yè)、中外合作企業(yè)和外商獨(dú)資企業(yè)。)
5) The disappearance of such materials as pornographic and obscene books, periodicals and tapes is proof that China's campaign against porns is making progress.(黃色書刊及音響制品現(xiàn)己難覓蹤跡,這證明了中國(guó)的掃黃運(yùn)動(dòng)正在取得進(jìn)展。)
6)Some austere measures should be taken to check the unhealthy tendencies which,according to the press exposures , were rampant in some localities.(從新聞媒介所暴露的情況來看,不正之風(fēng)在一些地區(qū)已非常嚴(yán)重,必須采取嚴(yán)格措施剎住這股歪風(fēng)。)
7) The next ojective for the Chinese people to strive for is to reach the well-to-do level.(中國(guó)人民的下一個(gè)奮斗目標(biāo)是在本世紀(jì)末達(dá)到小康水平。)
8) He works enthusiastically as ever even though he has retired from the leading post.(盡管己退居二線,他的工作熱情絲毫不減。)
9) Journalists should firmly object to the payoffs-aimed fournalism which deviates from press ethics.(新聞?dòng)浾邞?yīng)堅(jiān)決反對(duì)有償新聞,因?yàn)樗`背了新聞?dòng)浾叩穆殬I(yè)道德。)
10) Many large companies in Shanghai have geared themselves to the international conventions and set up aftersales services accepting repairs and dealing with customers, complaints.(上海的許多大公司都專門設(shè)有售后服務(wù)中心,接受維修業(yè)務(wù)和處理客戶投訴,目的在于與國(guó)際接軌。)
以上諸例顯示,閱讀英語報(bào)刊不失為接觸現(xiàn)代英語脈搏的一條事半功倍的捷徑,這是傳統(tǒng)教科書和一般雙語詞典所望塵莫及的。這一特點(diǎn)無疑有助于英語學(xué)習(xí)者緊緊跟上現(xiàn)代英語的發(fā)展步伐和提高英語的表達(dá)能力。類似的新詞英譯在英語報(bào)刊中俯拾即是,再舉數(shù)例,以饗讀者:
China's actual conditions 中國(guó)國(guó)情bonded area 保稅區(qū)be honest in performing one's official duties 廉潔奉公build a clean and honest government; construction of a clean government 廉政建設(shè)abuse of power for personal gain; misuse of power for private interest 以權(quán)謀私corruption reporting centre 舉報(bào)中心be responsible for one's own profit and loss 自負(fù)盈虧jack up price 哄抬物價(jià)with the inflation factors deducted; inflation adjusted 扣除物價(jià)上漲因素bureaucrat profiteering; bureaucrat racketeering 官倒single youth above the normal matrimonial age 大齡青年agricultural people to be given non-agricultural status 農(nóng)轉(zhuǎn)非
英語報(bào)刊集現(xiàn)代英語之大成,如總統(tǒng)莊嚴(yán)的聲明,民眾輕松的閑聊,各學(xué)科的術(shù)語,各領(lǐng)域的行話,風(fēng)土人情乃至市井俚語,英語報(bào)刊無所不包,從而有利于我們廣大英語愛好者根據(jù)自己的需要和愛好各取所需。不難理解,英語報(bào)刊是我們學(xué)習(xí)和掌握現(xiàn)代英語實(shí)用的途徑之一,其鮮明七實(shí)用的詞匯特色集中表現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面:
1.漢語新詞英譯俯拾即是現(xiàn)代社會(huì)發(fā)展迅猛,其結(jié)果之一便是新詞語不斷涌現(xiàn)。新中國(guó)成立以來,尤其是改革開放以來,現(xiàn)代漢語中出現(xiàn)了大量的新詞匯,包括舊詞新義、流行語、外來新詞語等;甚至不少己湮沒多年的舊詞語也頻頻亮相,給人們,尤其是年輕一代,以耳目一新之感。在改革開放的今天,由于詞典等工具書的編纂周期難以趕上現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中新詞語的產(chǎn)生速度,廣大英語學(xué)習(xí)者面臨的一大難題就是,如何把這些新詞語譯成地道的英語。而英語報(bào)刊正好起到了為一般雙語詞典“拾遺補(bǔ)缺”的作用,如“雙休日”、“拳頭產(chǎn)品”、“人才流動(dòng)”、“外向型經(jīng)濟(jì)”、“三資企業(yè)”、“掃黃運(yùn)動(dòng)”、“不正之風(fēng)”、“小康水平”、 “退居二線”、“有償新聞”,“與國(guó)際接軌”等詞語的英譯,首先都是見諸英語報(bào)端的。現(xiàn)列舉幾則摘自英語報(bào)刊含有這類新詞語英語表達(dá)的實(shí)例,以資佐證:
1) Taking advantage of the two-day dayoffs,he basked in the spring sunshine with his family.(他和家人一起沐浴在春天的陽光之下,享受雙休日所帶來的樂趣。)
2) The central government called on every region to develop its own export-oriented hit products according to its local advantages and characteristic.(中央政府號(hào)召各地利用本地優(yōu)勢(shì)和特點(diǎn)開發(fā)當(dāng)?shù)氐某隹谛腿^產(chǎn)品。)
3) In order to fully tap the human resources,the rational flow of trained personnel should not only be allowed but also be encouraged.(為了充分發(fā)掘人才潛力,不僅應(yīng)該允許人才合理流動(dòng),而且還要鼓勵(lì)人才流動(dòng)。)
4) To further develop the export一oriented economy, Shanghai is to make a number of preferential policies soon to encourage business people both at home and abroad to set up more enterprises in the the three forms of ventures,i.e. enterprises for Sino-foreign joint venture, for Sino-foreign co-production and enterprises with sole foreign capital.(為了進(jìn)一步發(fā)展外向型經(jīng)濟(jì),上海近將出臺(tái)一系列優(yōu)惠政策,以鼓勵(lì)國(guó)內(nèi)外經(jīng)營(yíng)者創(chuàng)建更多的三資企業(yè),即中外合資企業(yè)、中外合作企業(yè)和外商獨(dú)資企業(yè)。)
5) The disappearance of such materials as pornographic and obscene books, periodicals and tapes is proof that China's campaign against porns is making progress.(黃色書刊及音響制品現(xiàn)己難覓蹤跡,這證明了中國(guó)的掃黃運(yùn)動(dòng)正在取得進(jìn)展。)
6)Some austere measures should be taken to check the unhealthy tendencies which,according to the press exposures , were rampant in some localities.(從新聞媒介所暴露的情況來看,不正之風(fēng)在一些地區(qū)已非常嚴(yán)重,必須采取嚴(yán)格措施剎住這股歪風(fēng)。)
7) The next ojective for the Chinese people to strive for is to reach the well-to-do level.(中國(guó)人民的下一個(gè)奮斗目標(biāo)是在本世紀(jì)末達(dá)到小康水平。)
8) He works enthusiastically as ever even though he has retired from the leading post.(盡管己退居二線,他的工作熱情絲毫不減。)
9) Journalists should firmly object to the payoffs-aimed fournalism which deviates from press ethics.(新聞?dòng)浾邞?yīng)堅(jiān)決反對(duì)有償新聞,因?yàn)樗`背了新聞?dòng)浾叩穆殬I(yè)道德。)
10) Many large companies in Shanghai have geared themselves to the international conventions and set up aftersales services accepting repairs and dealing with customers, complaints.(上海的許多大公司都專門設(shè)有售后服務(wù)中心,接受維修業(yè)務(wù)和處理客戶投訴,目的在于與國(guó)際接軌。)
以上諸例顯示,閱讀英語報(bào)刊不失為接觸現(xiàn)代英語脈搏的一條事半功倍的捷徑,這是傳統(tǒng)教科書和一般雙語詞典所望塵莫及的。這一特點(diǎn)無疑有助于英語學(xué)習(xí)者緊緊跟上現(xiàn)代英語的發(fā)展步伐和提高英語的表達(dá)能力。類似的新詞英譯在英語報(bào)刊中俯拾即是,再舉數(shù)例,以饗讀者:
China's actual conditions 中國(guó)國(guó)情bonded area 保稅區(qū)be honest in performing one's official duties 廉潔奉公build a clean and honest government; construction of a clean government 廉政建設(shè)abuse of power for personal gain; misuse of power for private interest 以權(quán)謀私corruption reporting centre 舉報(bào)中心be responsible for one's own profit and loss 自負(fù)盈虧jack up price 哄抬物價(jià)with the inflation factors deducted; inflation adjusted 扣除物價(jià)上漲因素bureaucrat profiteering; bureaucrat racketeering 官倒single youth above the normal matrimonial age 大齡青年agricultural people to be given non-agricultural status 農(nóng)轉(zhuǎn)非