UNIT 20 OUR DISAPPEARING WILDLIFE
GLOSSARY
bounty n. money given （by government ） for reward （政府給的）獎勵金
carrion n. dead and decaying flesh 腐尸
decompose v. break up and separate into simple parts； decay 分解
departure n. leaving a place 離別
endanger v. put in danger； cause danger to 危害；危及
expansion n. making or becoming larger 擴(kuò)張，膨脹
exterminate v. make an end of ； destroy completely 根除，滅絕
fatal a. causing or ending in death or disaster 致命的
habitat n. the natural home of a plant or animal 動植物產(chǎn)地
hemisphere n. a half of the earth； half a sphere 半球
injurious a. causing harm 致傷的，有害的
millennium n. a period of 1000 years . pl. millennia 一千年
persecution n. cruel treatment 殘害，迫害
predator n. wild animal living by killing and eating other amimals 捕食其它動物的野生動物
preserve n. stretch of land or water where animals， birds and fish are kept safe from harm or danger. 禁獵地
prospect n. reasonable hope； sth. which is expected 前程；盼望的事物
refuge n. shelter or protection from danger 避難所
remnant n. a part that remains 剩余部分
roam wander with no clear aim 漫步，漫游
scavenger n. a bird or an animal that feeds on wastes or decaying flesh 食腐動物
splendid a. grand in appearance； glorious； very fine； excellent 優(yōu)異的，壯麗的
subtle a. delicate， hardly noticeable； difficult to perceive or describe 微妙的；難以捉摸的
superstition n. false belief not based on scientific knowledge 迷信
toll n. the cost in health， life， etc. from illness， an accident， etc. 重大的代價(jià)；傷亡人數(shù)
transition n. changing from one condition to another 變遷，轉(zhuǎn)變
unprecedented a. never done or known before 無前例的
unrelenting a. not becoming less in intensity 不松懈的
wilderness n. an area of land with little life 荒野
bobcat n. （北美東部最常見的一種）野貓
bighorn sheep 大角羊
boll weevil 棉鈴象蟲
buffalo n. 水牛；野牛
calcium n. 鈣
coyote n. （產(chǎn)于北美西部草原的）郊狼，小狼
Department of the Interior 內(nèi)務(wù)部
elk n. 麋
grizzly bear 灰熊
passenger pigeon 旅鴿
（一種已經(jīng)絕種的北美野鴿）
pelican n. 鵜鶘
potato beetle 馬鈴薯甲蟲
prairie dog 草原犬鼠（產(chǎn)于北美，鳴聲似狗的一種土撥鼠）
pronghorn antelope 叉角羚
subspecies 亞種
the Atlantic 大西洋
the Pacific 太平洋
timber wolf （北美北部產(chǎn)的）林狼
whooping crane 鳴鶴
UNIT 21
GLOSSARY
adjust v. change slightly in order to make suitable for a particular condition 調(diào)整；停頓
animate v. give lift to； enliven 使有生命；使活潑，激勵
animated a. active and lively 活躍的；生氣勃勃的
anxiety n. uneasiness or fear caused by uncertainty about sth. 憂慮；擔(dān)心；熱望
approval n. （official） agreement 批準(zhǔn)；同意
armor n. strong protective metal covering on fighting vehicles 盔甲；防護(hù)物
benevolent a. having the desire to do good 仁慈的；樂善好施的
bounce v. jump or spring up and down like a boll 跳躍；彈起
conduct v. direct； guide 引導(dǎo)；帶領(lǐng)
contract v. become smaller in size 縮小
convey v. make （idea， feeling， etc.） known 傳播；轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)
deflect v. turn from a straight course or fixed direction 轉(zhuǎn)向；偏斜
exhalation n. breathing out 呼氣
focus v. fix a point on， concentrate on 使聚集；集中
fright n. feeling or experience of fear 驚嚇；恐怖
grilling n. tough question 嚴(yán)厲盤問
hostility n. the state of being unfriendly， showing strong dislike 敵意；敵視
inhale v. breathe in 吸氣；吸入
inspiration n. an urge to produce good and beautiful things 鼓勵；鼓舞
inventory n. a list or a survey 清單；概覽
lunge v. make a sudden forceful forward movement 沖刺；猛向前沖
nervous a. excited and anxious， worried 緊張不安的；膽怯的
polish v. make as perfect as possible 磨光；使精煉；使優(yōu)美
positive a. active and certain 積極的；肯定的；確定的
presentation n. the act in which sth. is offered， shown or explained 呈現(xiàn)；展示；提出；描述
quiver v. slightly tremble 顫抖；抖動
resonance n. deep， full， clear and continuous sounding 回聲；共鳴
scan v. look at quickly 瀏覽；粗略地看
screech v. make a very high， sharp sound 發(fā)出尖銳刺耳的叫聲
seduce v. cause or persuade sb. to do sth. by making it seem attractive 誘惑；勾引
splay v. spread out， become large at one end 展開；向外張開
survey n. a general view 概觀；調(diào)查
tack n. course of action 行動步驟；方針
vibes n. slight continuous shaky movement 搖擺；激動
wrestle v. fight by holding and throwing body； （with） try one‘s best to do 搏斗；全力以赴；深思
momentum n. 動量；勢力；推進(jìn)力
UNIT 22 FUTURE DIRECTIONS
GLOSSARY
advocate n. a person who speaks for or supports an idea， way of life， etc. 擁護(hù)者
boundary n. the limiting or dividing line of surfaces or spaces 分界線，邊界
compassionate a. sympathetic 有同情心的
devastate v. destroy completely 摧毀；破壞
disruption n. bringing or throwing into disorder 擾亂
dramatically ad. excitingly 驚人地；顯著地
epidemic a. very common in one place for a time 流行性的；傳染的 n. a large number of cases of the same infectious disease during a single period of time 流行病，時疫
evaluate v. calculate the value or degree of 估…價(jià)，評價(jià)
explore v. examine thoroughly in order to test or learn 探究；考查
heed v. give attention to 注意，留意
impact n. influence 影響
implement n. a tool or instrument 工具，器具v. carry out or put into practice 貫徹；履行
infectious a. （of a disease ） which can be spread by infection 傳染的；傳染性的
intervene v. interrupt sth.， esp. to prevent a bad result 干涉；干預(yù)
jeopardize v. endanger 使受危險(xiǎn)；危害
mitigate v. lessen the seriousness of （ wrong or harmful action ） 減輕
mortality n. the number of deaths from a certain cause 死亡數(shù)
multilateral a. concerning or including more that 2 groups of people esp. who have different interests and needs but come together in an agreement 多邊的；涉及多方的
pledge v. make a solemn promise or agreement 發(fā)誓；保證
prevalence n. existing commonly， generally， or widely 流行，盛行；普遍
promote v. support； help in the growth of 促進(jìn)；
soar v. fly； go fast or high 高飛；猛增，劇增
sustain v. bear （difficulty） 忍受；經(jīng)受住
transmit v. send or pass from one person， place， or thing to another 傳送；傳達(dá)
virus n. a living thing even smaller than bacteria which causes infections disease in the body， in plants， etc. 病毒
vulnerable a. weak； not well protected； easily attacked 脆弱的；易受傷害的
AIDS n. 獲得性免疫缺損綜合癥，艾滋病
HIV 人類免疫缺乏病毒
microbicide n. 殺菌劑
USAID美國國際發(fā)展機(jī)構(gòu)
vaccine n. 疫苗 痘苗
UNIT 23
GLOSSARY
absolute a. complete， perfect 完全的，純粹的
accelerate v. （cause to） move faster， increase speed 加速，增加速度
ambitious a. having a strong desire for success， power， riches， etc. 有雄心的
balmy a. （of air） soft and warm， mild 溫和的，柔和的
benign a. not dangerous to life 有益于健康的
bionic a. having powers that are greater than those of ordinary human beings 有超人力量的
brittle a. easily damaged， or destroyed 易破碎的，易損壞的
candidate n. a person or thing who wants， or whom others want， to be chosen for position 侯選人，被選擇的東西
ceramic a. of a connected with the art or practice of making bricks， pots， etc. by shaping bits of clay and baking until hard 制陶的，陶器的
crumbly a. easy to break into very small pieces 易碎的
dexterous a. skillful， having or showing the quality of ability， cleverness， and skill， esp. in the use of the hands （身，手）靈巧的
explode v. blow up or burst 爆炸
extraction n. the act of pulling or taking out often with difficulty 抽出，榨取
far-fetched a. improbable or forced 未必確定的，牽強(qiáng)的
feasible a. able to be carried out or done possible 行得通的
flexible a. that can change or be changed to be suitable for new needs， changed conditions etc. 可變通的，靈活的
focus n. the central point， place of greatest activity 中心點(diǎn)，焦點(diǎn)
foul v. become dirty， impure， or blocked with waste matter 弄臟，使壅塞
genius n. a person with great and special ability 天才
glimmer n. a small sign， a faint unsteady light 模糊的感覺，微光
immune a. unable to be harmed because of special powers in oneself， free from 有免疫力的，免除的
incredible a. too strange to be believed， unbelievable 難以置信的
ingenuity n. skill and cleverness in making or arranging things 獨(dú)出心裁；獨(dú)創(chuàng)性
manipulate vt. handle or control （esp. a machine） skillfully 熟練地操作
membrane n. soft thin skin in the body， covering or connecting parts of it （生物體）薄膜
millennium n. a period of 1，000 years 一千周年
option n. the freedom to choose 選擇自由
orbit n. the path of one heavenly body round another 行星軌道
v. move in an orbit 沿軌道運(yùn)行
phenomenon n. a fact or event in nature as it appears or experiences by the senses， esp. one that is unusual and/or of scientific interest 現(xiàn)象；有科學(xué)意義的；可感知的自然現(xiàn)象
potential a. existing in possibility 潛在的
predict v. see or describe （a future happening） in advance as a result of knowledge， experience， reason， etc 預(yù)言；預(yù)告
semipermeable a. that can not be completely spread or passed through or into every part of 半滲透的
soar v. fly， go fast or high （as） on wings 高飛，翱翔
trumpet v. declare or shout loudly 鼓吹
verge n. the edge or border 邊沿，界限
cochlea n.（醫(yī)）耳蝸
camcorder n. 攝像放像機(jī)
formula n. （賽車）級（方程式）
helium n. 氦
hydrogen n. 氫
impulse n. 脈沖
nitrogen n. 氮
space shuttle 航天飛機(jī)
superconductor n. 超導(dǎo)體
zeppelin 齊柏林飛船，飛艇
GLOSSARY
bounty n. money given （by government ） for reward （政府給的）獎勵金
carrion n. dead and decaying flesh 腐尸
decompose v. break up and separate into simple parts； decay 分解
departure n. leaving a place 離別
endanger v. put in danger； cause danger to 危害；危及
expansion n. making or becoming larger 擴(kuò)張，膨脹
exterminate v. make an end of ； destroy completely 根除，滅絕
fatal a. causing or ending in death or disaster 致命的
habitat n. the natural home of a plant or animal 動植物產(chǎn)地
hemisphere n. a half of the earth； half a sphere 半球
injurious a. causing harm 致傷的，有害的
millennium n. a period of 1000 years . pl. millennia 一千年
persecution n. cruel treatment 殘害，迫害
predator n. wild animal living by killing and eating other amimals 捕食其它動物的野生動物
preserve n. stretch of land or water where animals， birds and fish are kept safe from harm or danger. 禁獵地
prospect n. reasonable hope； sth. which is expected 前程；盼望的事物
refuge n. shelter or protection from danger 避難所
remnant n. a part that remains 剩余部分
roam wander with no clear aim 漫步，漫游
scavenger n. a bird or an animal that feeds on wastes or decaying flesh 食腐動物
splendid a. grand in appearance； glorious； very fine； excellent 優(yōu)異的，壯麗的
subtle a. delicate， hardly noticeable； difficult to perceive or describe 微妙的；難以捉摸的
superstition n. false belief not based on scientific knowledge 迷信
toll n. the cost in health， life， etc. from illness， an accident， etc. 重大的代價(jià)；傷亡人數(shù)
transition n. changing from one condition to another 變遷，轉(zhuǎn)變
unprecedented a. never done or known before 無前例的
unrelenting a. not becoming less in intensity 不松懈的
wilderness n. an area of land with little life 荒野
bobcat n. （北美東部最常見的一種）野貓
bighorn sheep 大角羊
boll weevil 棉鈴象蟲
buffalo n. 水牛；野牛
calcium n. 鈣
coyote n. （產(chǎn)于北美西部草原的）郊狼，小狼
Department of the Interior 內(nèi)務(wù)部
elk n. 麋
grizzly bear 灰熊
passenger pigeon 旅鴿
（一種已經(jīng)絕種的北美野鴿）
pelican n. 鵜鶘
potato beetle 馬鈴薯甲蟲
prairie dog 草原犬鼠（產(chǎn)于北美，鳴聲似狗的一種土撥鼠）
pronghorn antelope 叉角羚
subspecies 亞種
the Atlantic 大西洋
the Pacific 太平洋
timber wolf （北美北部產(chǎn)的）林狼
whooping crane 鳴鶴
UNIT 21
GLOSSARY
adjust v. change slightly in order to make suitable for a particular condition 調(diào)整；停頓
animate v. give lift to； enliven 使有生命；使活潑，激勵
animated a. active and lively 活躍的；生氣勃勃的
anxiety n. uneasiness or fear caused by uncertainty about sth. 憂慮；擔(dān)心；熱望
approval n. （official） agreement 批準(zhǔn)；同意
armor n. strong protective metal covering on fighting vehicles 盔甲；防護(hù)物
benevolent a. having the desire to do good 仁慈的；樂善好施的
bounce v. jump or spring up and down like a boll 跳躍；彈起
conduct v. direct； guide 引導(dǎo)；帶領(lǐng)
contract v. become smaller in size 縮小
convey v. make （idea， feeling， etc.） known 傳播；轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)
deflect v. turn from a straight course or fixed direction 轉(zhuǎn)向；偏斜
exhalation n. breathing out 呼氣
focus v. fix a point on， concentrate on 使聚集；集中
fright n. feeling or experience of fear 驚嚇；恐怖
grilling n. tough question 嚴(yán)厲盤問
hostility n. the state of being unfriendly， showing strong dislike 敵意；敵視
inhale v. breathe in 吸氣；吸入
inspiration n. an urge to produce good and beautiful things 鼓勵；鼓舞
inventory n. a list or a survey 清單；概覽
lunge v. make a sudden forceful forward movement 沖刺；猛向前沖
nervous a. excited and anxious， worried 緊張不安的；膽怯的
polish v. make as perfect as possible 磨光；使精煉；使優(yōu)美
positive a. active and certain 積極的；肯定的；確定的
presentation n. the act in which sth. is offered， shown or explained 呈現(xiàn)；展示；提出；描述
quiver v. slightly tremble 顫抖；抖動
resonance n. deep， full， clear and continuous sounding 回聲；共鳴
scan v. look at quickly 瀏覽；粗略地看
screech v. make a very high， sharp sound 發(fā)出尖銳刺耳的叫聲
seduce v. cause or persuade sb. to do sth. by making it seem attractive 誘惑；勾引
splay v. spread out， become large at one end 展開；向外張開
survey n. a general view 概觀；調(diào)查
tack n. course of action 行動步驟；方針
vibes n. slight continuous shaky movement 搖擺；激動
wrestle v. fight by holding and throwing body； （with） try one‘s best to do 搏斗；全力以赴；深思
momentum n. 動量；勢力；推進(jìn)力
UNIT 22 FUTURE DIRECTIONS
GLOSSARY
advocate n. a person who speaks for or supports an idea， way of life， etc. 擁護(hù)者
boundary n. the limiting or dividing line of surfaces or spaces 分界線，邊界
compassionate a. sympathetic 有同情心的
devastate v. destroy completely 摧毀；破壞
disruption n. bringing or throwing into disorder 擾亂
dramatically ad. excitingly 驚人地；顯著地
epidemic a. very common in one place for a time 流行性的；傳染的 n. a large number of cases of the same infectious disease during a single period of time 流行病，時疫
evaluate v. calculate the value or degree of 估…價(jià)，評價(jià)
explore v. examine thoroughly in order to test or learn 探究；考查
heed v. give attention to 注意，留意
impact n. influence 影響
implement n. a tool or instrument 工具，器具v. carry out or put into practice 貫徹；履行
infectious a. （of a disease ） which can be spread by infection 傳染的；傳染性的
intervene v. interrupt sth.， esp. to prevent a bad result 干涉；干預(yù)
jeopardize v. endanger 使受危險(xiǎn)；危害
mitigate v. lessen the seriousness of （ wrong or harmful action ） 減輕
mortality n. the number of deaths from a certain cause 死亡數(shù)
multilateral a. concerning or including more that 2 groups of people esp. who have different interests and needs but come together in an agreement 多邊的；涉及多方的
pledge v. make a solemn promise or agreement 發(fā)誓；保證
prevalence n. existing commonly， generally， or widely 流行，盛行；普遍
promote v. support； help in the growth of 促進(jìn)；
soar v. fly； go fast or high 高飛；猛增，劇增
sustain v. bear （difficulty） 忍受；經(jīng)受住
transmit v. send or pass from one person， place， or thing to another 傳送；傳達(dá)
virus n. a living thing even smaller than bacteria which causes infections disease in the body， in plants， etc. 病毒
vulnerable a. weak； not well protected； easily attacked 脆弱的；易受傷害的
AIDS n. 獲得性免疫缺損綜合癥，艾滋病
HIV 人類免疫缺乏病毒
microbicide n. 殺菌劑
USAID美國國際發(fā)展機(jī)構(gòu)
vaccine n. 疫苗 痘苗
UNIT 23
GLOSSARY
absolute a. complete， perfect 完全的，純粹的
accelerate v. （cause to） move faster， increase speed 加速，增加速度
ambitious a. having a strong desire for success， power， riches， etc. 有雄心的
balmy a. （of air） soft and warm， mild 溫和的，柔和的
benign a. not dangerous to life 有益于健康的
bionic a. having powers that are greater than those of ordinary human beings 有超人力量的
brittle a. easily damaged， or destroyed 易破碎的，易損壞的
candidate n. a person or thing who wants， or whom others want， to be chosen for position 侯選人，被選擇的東西
ceramic a. of a connected with the art or practice of making bricks， pots， etc. by shaping bits of clay and baking until hard 制陶的，陶器的
crumbly a. easy to break into very small pieces 易碎的
dexterous a. skillful， having or showing the quality of ability， cleverness， and skill， esp. in the use of the hands （身，手）靈巧的
explode v. blow up or burst 爆炸
extraction n. the act of pulling or taking out often with difficulty 抽出，榨取
far-fetched a. improbable or forced 未必確定的，牽強(qiáng)的
feasible a. able to be carried out or done possible 行得通的
flexible a. that can change or be changed to be suitable for new needs， changed conditions etc. 可變通的，靈活的
focus n. the central point， place of greatest activity 中心點(diǎn)，焦點(diǎn)
foul v. become dirty， impure， or blocked with waste matter 弄臟，使壅塞
genius n. a person with great and special ability 天才
glimmer n. a small sign， a faint unsteady light 模糊的感覺，微光
immune a. unable to be harmed because of special powers in oneself， free from 有免疫力的，免除的
incredible a. too strange to be believed， unbelievable 難以置信的
ingenuity n. skill and cleverness in making or arranging things 獨(dú)出心裁；獨(dú)創(chuàng)性
manipulate vt. handle or control （esp. a machine） skillfully 熟練地操作
membrane n. soft thin skin in the body， covering or connecting parts of it （生物體）薄膜
millennium n. a period of 1，000 years 一千周年
option n. the freedom to choose 選擇自由
orbit n. the path of one heavenly body round another 行星軌道
v. move in an orbit 沿軌道運(yùn)行
phenomenon n. a fact or event in nature as it appears or experiences by the senses， esp. one that is unusual and/or of scientific interest 現(xiàn)象；有科學(xué)意義的；可感知的自然現(xiàn)象
potential a. existing in possibility 潛在的
predict v. see or describe （a future happening） in advance as a result of knowledge， experience， reason， etc 預(yù)言；預(yù)告
semipermeable a. that can not be completely spread or passed through or into every part of 半滲透的
soar v. fly， go fast or high （as） on wings 高飛，翱翔
trumpet v. declare or shout loudly 鼓吹
verge n. the edge or border 邊沿，界限
cochlea n.（醫(yī)）耳蝸
camcorder n. 攝像放像機(jī)
formula n. （賽車）級（方程式）
helium n. 氦
hydrogen n. 氫
impulse n. 脈沖
nitrogen n. 氮
space shuttle 航天飛機(jī)
superconductor n. 超導(dǎo)體
zeppelin 齊柏林飛船，飛艇