UNIT 24 CALL FOR ATOM PLANT PROBE
GLOSSARY
accident-prone a. likely to have accidents 特別易出事故的
build-up n. increase or development； forming steadily 增大；逐步建立
considerable a. fairly large or great in amount， size or degree 很大的，可觀的
controversial a. likely to cause or causing much argument or disagreement引起爭(zhēng)論的
crack down take disciplinary action against 對(duì)……采取嚴(yán)厲措施，對(duì)……進(jìn)行制裁
defective n. a. faulty； imperfect 有缺陷的
deficiency n. state of having none or not enough缺乏，不足
deteriorate v. become worse in quality 變質(zhì)，惡化
discharge v. send， pour or let out （gas， liquid， etc.） 排出；n. the action of discharging； sth. discharged 排出；排出物
disturbing n. causing anxiety 擾亂，打擾
disused a. no longer used 不用的，廢棄的
exclusive a. published by only one newspaper at first； not shared with others 報(bào)到的；獨(dú)占的，專(zhuān)有的
inadequate a. not good enough in quality， ability， size， etc. 不適當(dāng)?shù)?，不充足?BR> initiative n. the first movement or act which starts sth. happening 首創(chuàng)，發(fā)端
inspectorate n. a group of inspectors 視察團(tuán)
inspection n. official visit to judge the quality of sth. or to see that rules are obeyed 視察
maintenance n. keeping sth. in good condition， by making repairs to it and taking care of it 保養(yǎng)，維修
mitigate v. make less severe 使緩和
munitions n. large arms for war， such as bombs， guns， etc. 軍火
obsolete a. no longer used； out of date 已廢棄的；過(guò)時(shí)的
probe n. careful and thorough inquiry or examination 探究radiation n. sending out light， heat， etc. 放射，輻射
renew v. give new life and freshness to； repeat 使更新；重復(fù)
restore v. give back or bring back； make well or normal again 使恢復(fù)，使回復(fù)
robust a. vigorous 強(qiáng)健的
scrutiny n. careful and thorough examination； close study or look. 仔細(xì)檢查，詳盡研究
Silo n. a tall cylindric tower or pit 筒倉(cāng)
sprawl v. spread； stretch out 伸展開(kāi)；蔓延
urgent a. very important， esp. which must be done or dealt with quickly or first 緊要的
ventilation n. the passing into and around a room， building， etc. of fresh air （空氣等的）流通
caesium n. 銫
complex n. 綜合企業(yè)
oxy-acetylene 氧乙炔的
radioactive a. 放射性的
strontium n. 鍶
UNIT 25
GLOSSARY
absurd a. against reason or common sense， clearly false or foolish 不合理，荒謬的，可笑的，愚蠢的
abundant a. more than enough 豐富的，充裕的
ban v. forbid esp. by law 禁止
breeding n. the producing of young by animals， birds， etc. 生育，繁殖
disregard v. pay no attention to， ignore 不理，不顧，漠視，無(wú)視
diverse a. different， various 不一樣的，多種多樣的
drastic a. strong， sudden， and often violent or severe 激烈的，猛烈的
durable a. long-lasting 耐用的，持久的
encroach v. take more than what is right， usual or natural； invade 侵犯，侵占，吞食
enforce v. cause rules or laws to be carried out effectively； make （sth.） happen by force 實(shí)施，執(zhí)行，強(qiáng)制，強(qiáng)迫
eradicate v. destroy complete 根除，消滅，殲滅
eradication n. extinction， putting an end to （a species） 滅絕，消滅
exploitation n. the act of using fully so as to get profit 開(kāi)發(fā)利用
floe n. large mass of ice floating on the surface of the sea 大塊浮冰
gigantic a. usually large in amount or size 巨大的，龐大的
impose v. establish officially 正式確立
indiscriminately ad. unselectively； randomly； not chosen carefully 無(wú)選擇地，不加選擇地，不分青紅皂白的
invade v. enter into and spoil； attack and spread into so as to take control of （a country， city， etc.） 侵入，侵略
lull n. pause； a period in which activity is less 暫停，間歇，停滯期
migrate v. travel regularly from one part to another according to the season； change one‘s place of living， esp. for a limited period 定期移棲，遷移
proceed v. continue 繼續(xù)
profitable a. resulting in money gain； money making 有益的，有利可圖的，有錢(qián)賺的
protest n. （statement of） disapproval or objection *，反對(duì)
quota n. a limit on numbers 定額，限額
recommend v. prescribe； speak in favor of 建議，推薦
revival n. rebirth or renewal 再生，新生，恢復(fù)
revive v. come back into use or existence 兩次利用，再生
roam v. walk or travel without any definite aim or destination over or through （a country ） 漫步，漫游
sanctuary n.（ a place of） protection or safety from harm 避難所，庇護(hù)所
shift v. move from one place to another； change in position or direction 轉(zhuǎn)移，移動(dòng)，轉(zhuǎn)變，轉(zhuǎn)向
slaughter n. killing of animals 屠宰
sleek a. （ of hair or fur） smooth and shining （毛發(fā)等）油光發(fā)亮的
suntan n. browning of the skin from exposure to sunlight 曬黑
temporary a. lasting only for a limited time 暫時(shí)的，臨時(shí)的
transform v. change completely in form， appearance or nature 徹底改變，改造，改革
crayon n.彩色蠟筆
lotion n. 護(hù)膚液
UNIT 26 ARE THESE THE BEST YEARS OF YOUR LIFE？
GLOSSARY
adolescence n. young teenager of about 13~16歲青春期；青春（通常指13~16歲少年）
ailment n. illness ??；精神不安
apparently ad. clearly， obviously 明顯地
blissful a. extremely happy 非常幸福；極樂(lè)的
bonus n. anything pleasant in addition to what is expected 意想不到的收獲
cope v. handle； deal successfully with sth. 處理
decline v. decrease； move from a better to worse position 減少；下降
deny v. refuse to accept as true 否定；不接受
divorce v. end a marriage between husband and wife 離婚
efficient a. working well and without waste 效率高的
expectancy n. the state of expecting 期待，期望
foster v. help to grow and develop 培養(yǎng)；促進(jìn)
guarantee v. give a promise of quality， payment or fulfilment 保證；擔(dān)保
incidence n. the rate of happening 發(fā)生率
infection n. the state or result of disease being put into body 傳染；感染
ingenuity n. skill and cleverness in making and arranging things 機(jī)靈；獨(dú)創(chuàng)性
intact a. whole， uninjured； healthy 未受損的；完整的
internist n. a doctor who specializes in internal medicine 內(nèi)科醫(yī)生
maturity n. the state of being fully grown and developed 成熟
measure n. degree or amount 程度；分量；測(cè)量
neurotic a. affected with nervous disorder 神經(jīng)病的；神經(jīng)過(guò)敏的
outlive v. live longer than 活過(guò)…，比…經(jīng)久
pessimism n. tendency to look at the worst aspect of things 悲觀
predictable a. that can be seen or told in advance 可預(yù)言的
prime n. the time of greatest perfection， strength or activity 全盛時(shí)期
reassure v. comfort and make free from anxiety 使放心
resistance n. opposition， standing against 抵抗，反抗
share v. have in common 分享；分擔(dān)
smart a. vigorous， quick in thinking， clever 精明的，靈巧的
statistical a. of collected numbers which represent facts or measurement 統(tǒng)計(jì)的
suicide n. an act of killing oneself 自殺
veteran n. a person who has had long experience 老手；有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人
anabolism n. 細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)
arthritis n. 關(guān)節(jié)炎
catabolism n. 細(xì)胞死亡
nutrient n. 營(yíng)養(yǎng)素
psychologist n. 心理學(xué)家
rheumatism n. 風(fēng)濕病
sonata n. （音樂(lè)）奏鳴曲
UNIT 27
GLOSSARY
abscond v. go away suddenly and secretly because one has done sth. wrong or against the law （為躲避罪責(zé)，債務(wù)等而）潛逃
assault n. unlawful attack with blows against another person 攻擊，襲擊
bastard n. ruthless， insensitive person， illegitimate child 壞種，討厭鬼，私生子
bumble v. speak without making much sense， or so that the words are hard to hear clearly 語(yǔ)無(wú)倫次，說(shuō)話含糊
burglary n. the crime of entering a building by force with the intention of stealing 入室盜竊，夜盜行為
butchery the trade of killing， cutting and selling animals for food 屠宰業(yè)
cash n. money in coin or notes 現(xiàn)金
conviction n. finding （someone） guilty for a crime 發(fā)現(xiàn)有罪，證明有罪
credit n. belief of others that a person， business company can pay debt， or will keep a promise to pay 信用
dismember v. cut or tear （a body） apart， limb from limb 割下（動(dòng)物的）肢，肢節(jié)
distressed a. suffering great pain， discomfort or sorrow 痛苦的，不舒服的，難受的，悲情的
dump v. drop carelessly 傾倒，把…砰地一扔
elope v. run away from home 私奔，出走
embark v. go on board a ship 上船
environ n. surrounding 周?chē)?，附近地區(qū)
epitaph n. words commemorating a dead person 紀(jì)念死者的詩(shī)文，墓志銘
indecent assault an attack with blows and some from of sexual violence 強(qiáng)迫猥褻，非禮
milk v. get money by clever of dishonest means 以巧妙或虛假方式取得金錢(qián)
monitor v. observe and watch by means of an electronic receiver （camera） 監(jiān)視，監(jiān)控
pose v. set oneself up as； claim to be 擺出，使自己成為，自稱
schedule n. plan for a certain future time 計(jì)劃表，程序表
scrap n. a small piece； bit 小塊，少許，一點(diǎn)
scrawl n. sth. written awkwardly or fast or carelessly 潦草模糊的字跡
semi-literate a. partly able to read and write 半文盲的，能讀而不能寫(xiě)的
serial a. of or forming a series （set） 連續(xù)的，一系列的
sinner n. one who has disobeyed God； wrongdoer （宗教，道德上的）罪人
squad n. small group of persons working or being trained together 小組，小隊(duì)
traffic v. trade 交易，買(mǎi)賣(mài)
victim n. a person （or animal or thing） that suffers death （pain， harm， etc.） as a result of other people‘s actions 受害者，犧牲者，受騙者
vigil n. staying awake； remaining watchful for some purpose 徹底清醒，守夜，值夜
heroin n. 海洛因
quarry n. 采石場(chǎng)
UNIT 28 THE WORLD OF MICROBES
GLOSSARY
annoy v. cause trouble； make a little angry 打攪；使生氣
arithmetic n. calculation by numbers； the science of numbers 算術(shù)，代數(shù)
bacteria n. very small living things， some of which cause diease 細(xì)菌
brook n. a small stream 小溪
complicated a. made up of many parts ；complex 復(fù)合的，復(fù)雜的
conquer v. defeat； be victorious over 征服
constant a. continuous； without break 持續(xù)不斷的
convenient a. suited to one‘s needs 方便的
crumb n. small piece of bread 面包屑
destroy v. tear down or apart； ruin 摧毀，毀壞
disease n. （an） illness or disorder caused by infection or unnatural growth， not by an accident 疾病
favourite n. sth. or sb. loved above all others 特別喜愛(ài)的人或物
fertile a. （of land） which produces or can produce good crops 肥沃的
foil n. metal beaten or rolled into very thin paper like sheets 金屬薄片，箔
harmful a. damaging 有害的
jelly n. a sweet soft food substance that shakes when moved， made with gelatin 果凍，肉凍，凍
lava n. rock in a very hot liquid state flowing from an ex ploding mountain （volcano） 熔巖
magnify v. make （sth.） appear larger than in reality 放大
microbe n. a living creature that is so small that it can not be seen without a microscope， and that may cause disease 微生物
moisture n. water， or other liquids， in small quantities in the form of steam or mist 潮氣
moldy a. covered with soft woolly growth on bread or cheese， etc. 發(fā)霉的
multiply v. breed 繁殖
pickle n. vegetable in a type of liquid （esp. vinegar or salt water ） 泡菜
pinch n. an amount that can be picked up between the thumb and a finger （一）捏，微量
quantity n. a measurable property of something 量，數(shù)量
settle v. come to rest， esp. from above 著落，停留
split v. divide into separate parts 分開(kāi)，劈開(kāi)，切開(kāi)
spoil v. （cause to）decay or lose goodness 糟塌，使變壞
stack v. make into or form a neat pile 堆起
surround v. be all around on every side 包圍
volcano n. mountain with a large opening at the top through which melting rock， steam， gases etc. escape from time to time 火山
aluminum n. 鋁
corkscrewshape n. 螺旋體
marble n. 兒童游戲用的一種彈珠
mildew n. 霉
penicillin n. 青霉素
sauerkraut n. 泡菜
streptomycin n. 鏈霉素
vinegar 醋
GLOSSARY
accident-prone a. likely to have accidents 特別易出事故的
build-up n. increase or development； forming steadily 增大；逐步建立
considerable a. fairly large or great in amount， size or degree 很大的，可觀的
controversial a. likely to cause or causing much argument or disagreement引起爭(zhēng)論的
crack down take disciplinary action against 對(duì)……采取嚴(yán)厲措施，對(duì)……進(jìn)行制裁
defective n. a. faulty； imperfect 有缺陷的
deficiency n. state of having none or not enough缺乏，不足
deteriorate v. become worse in quality 變質(zhì)，惡化
discharge v. send， pour or let out （gas， liquid， etc.） 排出；n. the action of discharging； sth. discharged 排出；排出物
disturbing n. causing anxiety 擾亂，打擾
disused a. no longer used 不用的，廢棄的
exclusive a. published by only one newspaper at first； not shared with others 報(bào)到的；獨(dú)占的，專(zhuān)有的
inadequate a. not good enough in quality， ability， size， etc. 不適當(dāng)?shù)?，不充足?BR> initiative n. the first movement or act which starts sth. happening 首創(chuàng)，發(fā)端
inspectorate n. a group of inspectors 視察團(tuán)
inspection n. official visit to judge the quality of sth. or to see that rules are obeyed 視察
maintenance n. keeping sth. in good condition， by making repairs to it and taking care of it 保養(yǎng)，維修
mitigate v. make less severe 使緩和
munitions n. large arms for war， such as bombs， guns， etc. 軍火
obsolete a. no longer used； out of date 已廢棄的；過(guò)時(shí)的
probe n. careful and thorough inquiry or examination 探究radiation n. sending out light， heat， etc. 放射，輻射
renew v. give new life and freshness to； repeat 使更新；重復(fù)
restore v. give back or bring back； make well or normal again 使恢復(fù)，使回復(fù)
robust a. vigorous 強(qiáng)健的
scrutiny n. careful and thorough examination； close study or look. 仔細(xì)檢查，詳盡研究
Silo n. a tall cylindric tower or pit 筒倉(cāng)
sprawl v. spread； stretch out 伸展開(kāi)；蔓延
urgent a. very important， esp. which must be done or dealt with quickly or first 緊要的
ventilation n. the passing into and around a room， building， etc. of fresh air （空氣等的）流通
caesium n. 銫
complex n. 綜合企業(yè)
oxy-acetylene 氧乙炔的
radioactive a. 放射性的
strontium n. 鍶
UNIT 25
GLOSSARY
absurd a. against reason or common sense， clearly false or foolish 不合理，荒謬的，可笑的，愚蠢的
abundant a. more than enough 豐富的，充裕的
ban v. forbid esp. by law 禁止
breeding n. the producing of young by animals， birds， etc. 生育，繁殖
disregard v. pay no attention to， ignore 不理，不顧，漠視，無(wú)視
diverse a. different， various 不一樣的，多種多樣的
drastic a. strong， sudden， and often violent or severe 激烈的，猛烈的
durable a. long-lasting 耐用的，持久的
encroach v. take more than what is right， usual or natural； invade 侵犯，侵占，吞食
enforce v. cause rules or laws to be carried out effectively； make （sth.） happen by force 實(shí)施，執(zhí)行，強(qiáng)制，強(qiáng)迫
eradicate v. destroy complete 根除，消滅，殲滅
eradication n. extinction， putting an end to （a species） 滅絕，消滅
exploitation n. the act of using fully so as to get profit 開(kāi)發(fā)利用
floe n. large mass of ice floating on the surface of the sea 大塊浮冰
gigantic a. usually large in amount or size 巨大的，龐大的
impose v. establish officially 正式確立
indiscriminately ad. unselectively； randomly； not chosen carefully 無(wú)選擇地，不加選擇地，不分青紅皂白的
invade v. enter into and spoil； attack and spread into so as to take control of （a country， city， etc.） 侵入，侵略
lull n. pause； a period in which activity is less 暫停，間歇，停滯期
migrate v. travel regularly from one part to another according to the season； change one‘s place of living， esp. for a limited period 定期移棲，遷移
proceed v. continue 繼續(xù)
profitable a. resulting in money gain； money making 有益的，有利可圖的，有錢(qián)賺的
protest n. （statement of） disapproval or objection *，反對(duì)
quota n. a limit on numbers 定額，限額
recommend v. prescribe； speak in favor of 建議，推薦
revival n. rebirth or renewal 再生，新生，恢復(fù)
revive v. come back into use or existence 兩次利用，再生
roam v. walk or travel without any definite aim or destination over or through （a country ） 漫步，漫游
sanctuary n.（ a place of） protection or safety from harm 避難所，庇護(hù)所
shift v. move from one place to another； change in position or direction 轉(zhuǎn)移，移動(dòng)，轉(zhuǎn)變，轉(zhuǎn)向
slaughter n. killing of animals 屠宰
sleek a. （ of hair or fur） smooth and shining （毛發(fā)等）油光發(fā)亮的
suntan n. browning of the skin from exposure to sunlight 曬黑
temporary a. lasting only for a limited time 暫時(shí)的，臨時(shí)的
transform v. change completely in form， appearance or nature 徹底改變，改造，改革
crayon n.彩色蠟筆
lotion n. 護(hù)膚液
UNIT 26 ARE THESE THE BEST YEARS OF YOUR LIFE？
GLOSSARY
adolescence n. young teenager of about 13~16歲青春期；青春（通常指13~16歲少年）
ailment n. illness ??；精神不安
apparently ad. clearly， obviously 明顯地
blissful a. extremely happy 非常幸福；極樂(lè)的
bonus n. anything pleasant in addition to what is expected 意想不到的收獲
cope v. handle； deal successfully with sth. 處理
decline v. decrease； move from a better to worse position 減少；下降
deny v. refuse to accept as true 否定；不接受
divorce v. end a marriage between husband and wife 離婚
efficient a. working well and without waste 效率高的
expectancy n. the state of expecting 期待，期望
foster v. help to grow and develop 培養(yǎng)；促進(jìn)
guarantee v. give a promise of quality， payment or fulfilment 保證；擔(dān)保
incidence n. the rate of happening 發(fā)生率
infection n. the state or result of disease being put into body 傳染；感染
ingenuity n. skill and cleverness in making and arranging things 機(jī)靈；獨(dú)創(chuàng)性
intact a. whole， uninjured； healthy 未受損的；完整的
internist n. a doctor who specializes in internal medicine 內(nèi)科醫(yī)生
maturity n. the state of being fully grown and developed 成熟
measure n. degree or amount 程度；分量；測(cè)量
neurotic a. affected with nervous disorder 神經(jīng)病的；神經(jīng)過(guò)敏的
outlive v. live longer than 活過(guò)…，比…經(jīng)久
pessimism n. tendency to look at the worst aspect of things 悲觀
predictable a. that can be seen or told in advance 可預(yù)言的
prime n. the time of greatest perfection， strength or activity 全盛時(shí)期
reassure v. comfort and make free from anxiety 使放心
resistance n. opposition， standing against 抵抗，反抗
share v. have in common 分享；分擔(dān)
smart a. vigorous， quick in thinking， clever 精明的，靈巧的
statistical a. of collected numbers which represent facts or measurement 統(tǒng)計(jì)的
suicide n. an act of killing oneself 自殺
veteran n. a person who has had long experience 老手；有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人
anabolism n. 細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)
arthritis n. 關(guān)節(jié)炎
catabolism n. 細(xì)胞死亡
nutrient n. 營(yíng)養(yǎng)素
psychologist n. 心理學(xué)家
rheumatism n. 風(fēng)濕病
sonata n. （音樂(lè)）奏鳴曲
UNIT 27
GLOSSARY
abscond v. go away suddenly and secretly because one has done sth. wrong or against the law （為躲避罪責(zé)，債務(wù)等而）潛逃
assault n. unlawful attack with blows against another person 攻擊，襲擊
bastard n. ruthless， insensitive person， illegitimate child 壞種，討厭鬼，私生子
bumble v. speak without making much sense， or so that the words are hard to hear clearly 語(yǔ)無(wú)倫次，說(shuō)話含糊
burglary n. the crime of entering a building by force with the intention of stealing 入室盜竊，夜盜行為
butchery the trade of killing， cutting and selling animals for food 屠宰業(yè)
cash n. money in coin or notes 現(xiàn)金
conviction n. finding （someone） guilty for a crime 發(fā)現(xiàn)有罪，證明有罪
credit n. belief of others that a person， business company can pay debt， or will keep a promise to pay 信用
dismember v. cut or tear （a body） apart， limb from limb 割下（動(dòng)物的）肢，肢節(jié)
distressed a. suffering great pain， discomfort or sorrow 痛苦的，不舒服的，難受的，悲情的
dump v. drop carelessly 傾倒，把…砰地一扔
elope v. run away from home 私奔，出走
embark v. go on board a ship 上船
environ n. surrounding 周?chē)?，附近地區(qū)
epitaph n. words commemorating a dead person 紀(jì)念死者的詩(shī)文，墓志銘
indecent assault an attack with blows and some from of sexual violence 強(qiáng)迫猥褻，非禮
milk v. get money by clever of dishonest means 以巧妙或虛假方式取得金錢(qián)
monitor v. observe and watch by means of an electronic receiver （camera） 監(jiān)視，監(jiān)控
pose v. set oneself up as； claim to be 擺出，使自己成為，自稱
schedule n. plan for a certain future time 計(jì)劃表，程序表
scrap n. a small piece； bit 小塊，少許，一點(diǎn)
scrawl n. sth. written awkwardly or fast or carelessly 潦草模糊的字跡
semi-literate a. partly able to read and write 半文盲的，能讀而不能寫(xiě)的
serial a. of or forming a series （set） 連續(xù)的，一系列的
sinner n. one who has disobeyed God； wrongdoer （宗教，道德上的）罪人
squad n. small group of persons working or being trained together 小組，小隊(duì)
traffic v. trade 交易，買(mǎi)賣(mài)
victim n. a person （or animal or thing） that suffers death （pain， harm， etc.） as a result of other people‘s actions 受害者，犧牲者，受騙者
vigil n. staying awake； remaining watchful for some purpose 徹底清醒，守夜，值夜
heroin n. 海洛因
quarry n. 采石場(chǎng)
UNIT 28 THE WORLD OF MICROBES
GLOSSARY
annoy v. cause trouble； make a little angry 打攪；使生氣
arithmetic n. calculation by numbers； the science of numbers 算術(shù)，代數(shù)
bacteria n. very small living things， some of which cause diease 細(xì)菌
brook n. a small stream 小溪
complicated a. made up of many parts ；complex 復(fù)合的，復(fù)雜的
conquer v. defeat； be victorious over 征服
constant a. continuous； without break 持續(xù)不斷的
convenient a. suited to one‘s needs 方便的
crumb n. small piece of bread 面包屑
destroy v. tear down or apart； ruin 摧毀，毀壞
disease n. （an） illness or disorder caused by infection or unnatural growth， not by an accident 疾病
favourite n. sth. or sb. loved above all others 特別喜愛(ài)的人或物
fertile a. （of land） which produces or can produce good crops 肥沃的
foil n. metal beaten or rolled into very thin paper like sheets 金屬薄片，箔
harmful a. damaging 有害的
jelly n. a sweet soft food substance that shakes when moved， made with gelatin 果凍，肉凍，凍
lava n. rock in a very hot liquid state flowing from an ex ploding mountain （volcano） 熔巖
magnify v. make （sth.） appear larger than in reality 放大
microbe n. a living creature that is so small that it can not be seen without a microscope， and that may cause disease 微生物
moisture n. water， or other liquids， in small quantities in the form of steam or mist 潮氣
moldy a. covered with soft woolly growth on bread or cheese， etc. 發(fā)霉的
multiply v. breed 繁殖
pickle n. vegetable in a type of liquid （esp. vinegar or salt water ） 泡菜
pinch n. an amount that can be picked up between the thumb and a finger （一）捏，微量
quantity n. a measurable property of something 量，數(shù)量
settle v. come to rest， esp. from above 著落，停留
split v. divide into separate parts 分開(kāi)，劈開(kāi)，切開(kāi)
spoil v. （cause to）decay or lose goodness 糟塌，使變壞
stack v. make into or form a neat pile 堆起
surround v. be all around on every side 包圍
volcano n. mountain with a large opening at the top through which melting rock， steam， gases etc. escape from time to time 火山
aluminum n. 鋁
corkscrewshape n. 螺旋體
marble n. 兒童游戲用的一種彈珠
mildew n. 霉
penicillin n. 青霉素
sauerkraut n. 泡菜
streptomycin n. 鏈霉素
vinegar 醋