Lesson Thirteen Work 1. exceedingly irksome a. exceeding：extraordinary or exceptional exceedingly ：extremely 極其?！. irksome irk： to annoy ， esp . in a provoking or tedious way 令人討厭。 如： It irks ane to do such tedious work. 做這樣無聊的工作讓我相一致感到厭煩 。 irksome； tending to irk 令人厭倦的，厭煩的。?。璼ome .加在名詞、動(dòng)詞或形容詞上構(gòu)成形容詞。另如： lonesome 孤獨(dú)的，冷落的； guarrelsome受吵架的； troublesome 麻煩的； wearisome使人疲勞的，令人厭煩的。
2. an excess of work… excess ： more than or above what is necessary 超過部分，過多。如： You should pay for the excess. 你應(yīng)該支付超過部分?！xcess of sorrow laughs ， excess of joy weeps. 悲極而笑，喜極而泣。 an excess of anger / an excess of enthasiasm極其憤怒/熱情。carry something to excess 把事情做得過火?！n excess of超過。如： He spent in excess of his income . 他過度奢侈，入不敷出。
3. provided （that）：conj . if and only if ； on condition that .如果，只要。如：
Provided（that） there is no opposition ， we shall proceed to carry out the plan.如果沒有反對(duì)，我們就開始執(zhí)行計(jì)劃。 Provided you pay him he will take the work.如果你給他錢，他會(huì)干那活。
4. mere relief of tedium relief ： feeling of comfort at the ending of anxiety， fear or pain 放松。如：What a relief ！ 心里多么放松??！ relief of pain /anxiety 緩解痛楚/ 緊張。
5. at a loss： bewildered or uncertain 不知所措。如： For a moment I was at a loss.有一陣子我不知所措。He was at a loss for an explanation of the affair.他不知道該如何解釋那件事。We are at a loss to understand his motive.我們對(duì)于他的動(dòng)機(jī)一點(diǎn)也不能理解。
6. drudgery ：苦工 drudge：a person who does menial， dull or hard work. 勤苦地做單調(diào)乏味的苦工的人。
7.sensation （s ）： widespread excitement or interest.轟動(dòng)。
8. first and foremost ：首先，最主要的。如：Though he has written many books， he‘s first and foremost a poet.盡管他寫過幾本書，他首先是個(gè)詩人?！irst and foremost， we must have freedom. 最重要的是同我們必須有自由。
9. impair ： to make worse； damage 損害。如：His reputation was impaired by his mistakes.他的聲譽(yù)受到他的錯(cuò)誤的損害。His excessive work impaired his health. 他過度的工作損害了他的健康。
10.procure：obtain sth. by careful attention or effort獲得。如： He procured me employment.他為我謀得一份工作。
11.at large （放在名詞后面）：as a whole整個(gè)的，一般的。如： Boys at large like sports.男孩一般喜愛運(yùn)動(dòng)。 the public at large 社會(huì)大眾。
12.in the long run： in the end.從長遠(yuǎn)來說，最后。如： lu the long run， you have to pay the price for your follies.你最終要為你的愚蠢付出代價(jià)?！ou will benefit in the long run.你最終會(huì)受益。
13.has acquired his maximum skill maximum ：（being ） the highest amount ， value，or degree that can be reached 限度。如： My maximum is 240. 我記錄是240 分。 He smokes a maximum of 30 cigarettes a day. 他最多一天抽30根香煙。 My salary is not at its maximum yet.我的工資還未到水平。 It requires your maximum effort.這件事要求你做出努力。
maximize：化?！∪纾?maximize one‘s potential / profits 限度發(fā)揮潛力/ 獲得利益。
反義詞： minimum最少。 如：It requires a minimum of five day‘s work. 這最少需要五天工作。
a minimum of temperature / wage / height最低氣溫/ 工資/ 身高。 minimize the consequences / the risks. / the formalities將后果/ 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)/ 手續(xù)減到最少。
14.at any rate：in any event； in any case不管怎樣。如：I will leave him alone at any rate. 無論如何，我不會(huì)理他。
15.apt：likely， having a tendency常會(huì)，容易（有某種傾向）。如：A careless person is apt to make mistakes.粗心的人容易犯錯(cuò)誤。Lesson Fourteen I would Like to Tell You Something 1.testify to： give or provide evidence about something 證明。I‘ll testify to his exceptional ability. How can you testify to the reliability of the wit ness ？ vt. His words testify his reluctance to help me. His tears testificd his grief. vi. state or declare under oath ， usually in court作證?！. testimony： bear （be） testimony of 表明?！inning the scholarship is testimony of intelligence. 2.be tantamount t adj. equivalent in effect or meaning （實(shí)質(zhì)上）
等于，相當(dāng)于。如：His answer is tantamount to a refusal. 3.rampant： growing or spreading steadily and without stopping ； widespread ； a rampant rumor（disease ）
4.take…lying down甘心接受（不愉快情況）。如： He took the defeat lying down. I cannot take that insult lying down. 5.not give a damn：一點(diǎn)不在乎?！ dow‘t give a damn what they say. 我一點(diǎn)也不在乎他們說什么。
6.what if …假使……又怎樣？What will happen if … What if he fails to help us？ What if they should be in love ？
7.in terms of ： with regard to ， concerning 就……。來說，從……角度。如：In terms of salary ， the job is guite good. In terms of natural resources ， it is one of the richest countries in the world. 8.want n. ：lack， absence， or need； often in the phr. for/from want of 由于缺乏。如：The plants died for/from want of water. 9.spuander： spend foolishly； use up waste fully. Lesson Fifteen The Beauty Inaustry 1. substantially： to a large degree大體上，基本上。如：Their opinions are substantially the same. His criticism is substantially correct. 2. prodigious： a. extraordinary in size ， amount ， etc. 巨大的，莫大的。prodigal a . 浪費(fèi)的，揮霍的，放蕩的。
3. cult of beauty 對(duì)美的崇拜 the cult of surfing 沖浪狂 the personality cult個(gè)人崇拜4. retrench ： to reduce or diminish， esp. so as to economize減少，節(jié)省。如：The company began to retrench its work force. 5. be preoccupied with：專注于，有心事，如：When he is preoccupied with his hobby， he is oblivious of what is going on around him. They were preoccupied with their thoughts. 6. intrinsically -inftrinsic： belonging to or being part of a thing by its value 本來具有的，固有的。如：intrinsic value 內(nèi)在價(jià)值 intrinsic energy內(nèi)能。
2. an excess of work… excess ： more than or above what is necessary 超過部分，過多。如： You should pay for the excess. 你應(yīng)該支付超過部分?！xcess of sorrow laughs ， excess of joy weeps. 悲極而笑，喜極而泣。 an excess of anger / an excess of enthasiasm極其憤怒/熱情。carry something to excess 把事情做得過火?！n excess of超過。如： He spent in excess of his income . 他過度奢侈，入不敷出。
3. provided （that）：conj . if and only if ； on condition that .如果，只要。如：
Provided（that） there is no opposition ， we shall proceed to carry out the plan.如果沒有反對(duì)，我們就開始執(zhí)行計(jì)劃。 Provided you pay him he will take the work.如果你給他錢，他會(huì)干那活。
4. mere relief of tedium relief ： feeling of comfort at the ending of anxiety， fear or pain 放松。如：What a relief ！ 心里多么放松??！ relief of pain /anxiety 緩解痛楚/ 緊張。
5. at a loss： bewildered or uncertain 不知所措。如： For a moment I was at a loss.有一陣子我不知所措。He was at a loss for an explanation of the affair.他不知道該如何解釋那件事。We are at a loss to understand his motive.我們對(duì)于他的動(dòng)機(jī)一點(diǎn)也不能理解。
6. drudgery ：苦工 drudge：a person who does menial， dull or hard work. 勤苦地做單調(diào)乏味的苦工的人。
7.sensation （s ）： widespread excitement or interest.轟動(dòng)。
8. first and foremost ：首先，最主要的。如：Though he has written many books， he‘s first and foremost a poet.盡管他寫過幾本書，他首先是個(gè)詩人?！irst and foremost， we must have freedom. 最重要的是同我們必須有自由。
9. impair ： to make worse； damage 損害。如：His reputation was impaired by his mistakes.他的聲譽(yù)受到他的錯(cuò)誤的損害。His excessive work impaired his health. 他過度的工作損害了他的健康。
10.procure：obtain sth. by careful attention or effort獲得。如： He procured me employment.他為我謀得一份工作。
11.at large （放在名詞后面）：as a whole整個(gè)的，一般的。如： Boys at large like sports.男孩一般喜愛運(yùn)動(dòng)。 the public at large 社會(huì)大眾。
12.in the long run： in the end.從長遠(yuǎn)來說，最后。如： lu the long run， you have to pay the price for your follies.你最終要為你的愚蠢付出代價(jià)?！ou will benefit in the long run.你最終會(huì)受益。
13.has acquired his maximum skill maximum ：（being ） the highest amount ， value，or degree that can be reached 限度。如： My maximum is 240. 我記錄是240 分。 He smokes a maximum of 30 cigarettes a day. 他最多一天抽30根香煙。 My salary is not at its maximum yet.我的工資還未到水平。 It requires your maximum effort.這件事要求你做出努力。
maximize：化?！∪纾?maximize one‘s potential / profits 限度發(fā)揮潛力/ 獲得利益。
反義詞： minimum最少。 如：It requires a minimum of five day‘s work. 這最少需要五天工作。
a minimum of temperature / wage / height最低氣溫/ 工資/ 身高。 minimize the consequences / the risks. / the formalities將后果/ 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)/ 手續(xù)減到最少。
14.at any rate：in any event； in any case不管怎樣。如：I will leave him alone at any rate. 無論如何，我不會(huì)理他。
15.apt：likely， having a tendency常會(huì)，容易（有某種傾向）。如：A careless person is apt to make mistakes.粗心的人容易犯錯(cuò)誤。Lesson Fourteen I would Like to Tell You Something 1.testify to： give or provide evidence about something 證明。I‘ll testify to his exceptional ability. How can you testify to the reliability of the wit ness ？ vt. His words testify his reluctance to help me. His tears testificd his grief. vi. state or declare under oath ， usually in court作證?！. testimony： bear （be） testimony of 表明?！inning the scholarship is testimony of intelligence. 2.be tantamount t adj. equivalent in effect or meaning （實(shí)質(zhì)上）
等于，相當(dāng)于。如：His answer is tantamount to a refusal. 3.rampant： growing or spreading steadily and without stopping ； widespread ； a rampant rumor（disease ）
4.take…lying down甘心接受（不愉快情況）。如： He took the defeat lying down. I cannot take that insult lying down. 5.not give a damn：一點(diǎn)不在乎?！ dow‘t give a damn what they say. 我一點(diǎn)也不在乎他們說什么。
6.what if …假使……又怎樣？What will happen if … What if he fails to help us？ What if they should be in love ？
7.in terms of ： with regard to ， concerning 就……。來說，從……角度。如：In terms of salary ， the job is guite good. In terms of natural resources ， it is one of the richest countries in the world. 8.want n. ：lack， absence， or need； often in the phr. for/from want of 由于缺乏。如：The plants died for/from want of water. 9.spuander： spend foolishly； use up waste fully. Lesson Fifteen The Beauty Inaustry 1. substantially： to a large degree大體上，基本上。如：Their opinions are substantially the same. His criticism is substantially correct. 2. prodigious： a. extraordinary in size ， amount ， etc. 巨大的，莫大的。prodigal a . 浪費(fèi)的，揮霍的，放蕩的。
3. cult of beauty 對(duì)美的崇拜 the cult of surfing 沖浪狂 the personality cult個(gè)人崇拜4. retrench ： to reduce or diminish， esp. so as to economize減少，節(jié)省。如：The company began to retrench its work force. 5. be preoccupied with：專注于，有心事，如：When he is preoccupied with his hobby， he is oblivious of what is going on around him. They were preoccupied with their thoughts. 6. intrinsically -inftrinsic： belonging to or being part of a thing by its value 本來具有的，固有的。如：intrinsic value 內(nèi)在價(jià)值 intrinsic energy內(nèi)能。