3. Exports grew much faster than imports during this period not only because of the strong emphasis placed on exporting by China‘s economic planners， but also because a number of industrial projects were postponed in 1979. Official recognition that foreign technology could play a major role in modernizing the Chinese economy has caused imports to rise by more than 50 per cent in 1978， placing undue strain on the national economy.
在這個(gè)時(shí)期，出口增長要快于進(jìn)口增長不僅是由于中國經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)劃者著重強(qiáng)調(diào)出口，也是因?yàn)榇蠖喙I(yè)項(xiàng)目在1979年被推遲了。官方承認(rèn)外國技術(shù)能夠在中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的現(xiàn)代化化中起重大作用，這導(dǎo)致了1978年中國的進(jìn)口增加了50%以上，從而給國民經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來了重壓。
4. Chinese official stress the importance of introducing advanced technology to domestic industry， but the need is for technology of varying degrees of sophistication，not necessarily for advanced technology as that term is understood in the West.
中國官員強(qiáng)調(diào)為國內(nèi)工業(yè)引進(jìn)先進(jìn)技術(shù)的重要性，但是需要的是各種程度不同的精尖技術(shù)，而不是像西方國家理解的先進(jìn)技術(shù)。
5. There are no official statistics covering the invisible account of the balance of payments，but the size of the visible trade surplus during 1981-1983 and a pronounced increase in earnings from tourism suggest that the current account has been in surplus over the past few years. 沒有官方的統(tǒng)計(jì)資料涉及無形貿(mào)易收支，但在1981-1983年期間的有形貿(mào)易順差的大小和旅游贏利的顯著增長表明了經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目在過去幾年里有盈余。
6. Goods are produced according to a sample provided by the customer，while strong encouragement is given to compensation trade whereby a foreign seller supplies raw materials and equipment and receives manufactured goods， produced by the equipment provided，in return .Compensation trade differs from barter or counter-trade insofar as there is a direct link between the equipment supplied from abroad and the manufactured product. Assembly manufacturing began in 1978 and particular forms of foreign trade are eligible for exemption from customs duties and taxation.
根據(jù)顧客提供的樣品來生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品，同時(shí)強(qiáng)烈鼓勵(lì)補(bǔ)償貿(mào)易。由此國外的供應(yīng)商提供原材料和設(shè)備并收到由其提供的設(shè)備生產(chǎn)出來的制成品作為回報(bào)。補(bǔ)償貿(mào)易在某種程度上不同于易貨貿(mào)易和反向貿(mào)易，在國外提供的設(shè)備和制成品中有直接的聯(lián)系。來件組裝始于1978年，特殊的對(duì)外貿(mào)易形式有資格免除關(guān)稅和其他稅收。
7. The debt problems confronting a number of developing countries have reinforced China‘s determination to introduce foreign technology by means of direct investment and concessionary finance rather than by raising substantial sums of money on the international capital markets. The authorities do not consider it appropriate to incur large amounts of external debt until a number of practical bottlenecks in the economy， such as an inadequate transport network and energy constraints， have been tackled.
許多發(fā)展中國家面對(duì)的債務(wù)問題使中國在引進(jìn)外國技術(shù)時(shí)下了這樣的決心：采用直接投資和優(yōu)惠付款方式融資，而不是在國際資本市場(chǎng)籌集大額的資金。在經(jīng)濟(jì)中的許多實(shí)際瓶頸，如運(yùn)輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)的不足和能源缺乏被克服以前，官方認(rèn)為招來大筆外債的做法是不妥當(dāng)?shù)摹?BR> 第二章
一、術(shù)語：
1.The special Economic Zone 經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)
2.a well-placed source 一位高層消息靈通人士
3.infrastructure 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施
4.capital stock 實(shí)際資本
5.consumer goods 消費(fèi)品
6.preferential tax rate 優(yōu)惠稅率
7.cooperative enterprise 合作（經(jīng)營）企業(yè)
8.ETDZ （ Economic &Technical Development Zone ）經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)開發(fā)區(qū)
9.entrepreneurship 企業(yè)家精神
10.means of production 生產(chǎn)資料
11.stock-taking 評(píng)估
12.Allocation of resources 資源配置
13.macroregulation and control 宏觀調(diào)控
14.fiscal policies 財(cái)政政策
15.tight monetary policy 緊縮的貨幣政策
16.working capital 運(yùn)營資本
17.basic policy 基本國策
18.technical transformation 技術(shù)革新
二、詞語釋義：
1.in piecemeal form： piece by piece； gradually 逐漸的
2.showpiece： a prime or outstanding example 典范
在這個(gè)時(shí)期，出口增長要快于進(jìn)口增長不僅是由于中國經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)劃者著重強(qiáng)調(diào)出口，也是因?yàn)榇蠖喙I(yè)項(xiàng)目在1979年被推遲了。官方承認(rèn)外國技術(shù)能夠在中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的現(xiàn)代化化中起重大作用，這導(dǎo)致了1978年中國的進(jìn)口增加了50%以上，從而給國民經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來了重壓。
4. Chinese official stress the importance of introducing advanced technology to domestic industry， but the need is for technology of varying degrees of sophistication，not necessarily for advanced technology as that term is understood in the West.
中國官員強(qiáng)調(diào)為國內(nèi)工業(yè)引進(jìn)先進(jìn)技術(shù)的重要性，但是需要的是各種程度不同的精尖技術(shù)，而不是像西方國家理解的先進(jìn)技術(shù)。
5. There are no official statistics covering the invisible account of the balance of payments，but the size of the visible trade surplus during 1981-1983 and a pronounced increase in earnings from tourism suggest that the current account has been in surplus over the past few years. 沒有官方的統(tǒng)計(jì)資料涉及無形貿(mào)易收支，但在1981-1983年期間的有形貿(mào)易順差的大小和旅游贏利的顯著增長表明了經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目在過去幾年里有盈余。
6. Goods are produced according to a sample provided by the customer，while strong encouragement is given to compensation trade whereby a foreign seller supplies raw materials and equipment and receives manufactured goods， produced by the equipment provided，in return .Compensation trade differs from barter or counter-trade insofar as there is a direct link between the equipment supplied from abroad and the manufactured product. Assembly manufacturing began in 1978 and particular forms of foreign trade are eligible for exemption from customs duties and taxation.
根據(jù)顧客提供的樣品來生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品，同時(shí)強(qiáng)烈鼓勵(lì)補(bǔ)償貿(mào)易。由此國外的供應(yīng)商提供原材料和設(shè)備并收到由其提供的設(shè)備生產(chǎn)出來的制成品作為回報(bào)。補(bǔ)償貿(mào)易在某種程度上不同于易貨貿(mào)易和反向貿(mào)易，在國外提供的設(shè)備和制成品中有直接的聯(lián)系。來件組裝始于1978年，特殊的對(duì)外貿(mào)易形式有資格免除關(guān)稅和其他稅收。
7. The debt problems confronting a number of developing countries have reinforced China‘s determination to introduce foreign technology by means of direct investment and concessionary finance rather than by raising substantial sums of money on the international capital markets. The authorities do not consider it appropriate to incur large amounts of external debt until a number of practical bottlenecks in the economy， such as an inadequate transport network and energy constraints， have been tackled.
許多發(fā)展中國家面對(duì)的債務(wù)問題使中國在引進(jìn)外國技術(shù)時(shí)下了這樣的決心：采用直接投資和優(yōu)惠付款方式融資，而不是在國際資本市場(chǎng)籌集大額的資金。在經(jīng)濟(jì)中的許多實(shí)際瓶頸，如運(yùn)輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)的不足和能源缺乏被克服以前，官方認(rèn)為招來大筆外債的做法是不妥當(dāng)?shù)摹?BR> 第二章
一、術(shù)語：
1.The special Economic Zone 經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)
2.a well-placed source 一位高層消息靈通人士
3.infrastructure 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施
4.capital stock 實(shí)際資本
5.consumer goods 消費(fèi)品
6.preferential tax rate 優(yōu)惠稅率
7.cooperative enterprise 合作（經(jīng)營）企業(yè)
8.ETDZ （ Economic &Technical Development Zone ）經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)開發(fā)區(qū)
9.entrepreneurship 企業(yè)家精神
10.means of production 生產(chǎn)資料
11.stock-taking 評(píng)估
12.Allocation of resources 資源配置
13.macroregulation and control 宏觀調(diào)控
14.fiscal policies 財(cái)政政策
15.tight monetary policy 緊縮的貨幣政策
16.working capital 運(yùn)營資本
17.basic policy 基本國策
18.technical transformation 技術(shù)革新
二、詞語釋義：
1.in piecemeal form： piece by piece； gradually 逐漸的
2.showpiece： a prime or outstanding example 典范