詞組：
1.to break up： 打碎，結(jié)束
The ship broke up on the rocks. 輪船觸礁撞毀了。
The party didn‘t break up until midnight. 宴會到午夜才結(jié)束。
相關(guān)詞匯：to break down 損壞，（精神、健康）垮下來
to break into 強行闖入
to break out 爆發(fā)，突然出現(xiàn)
2.in favour of ： 贊成，支持；有利于
Most people are in favour of the newly-elected president. 大多數(shù)人支持新當選的總統(tǒng)。
The council has voted in favour of a $200 million housing development. 參議會投票通過了一項兩億美元的住宅開發(fā)計劃。
3.to carry on： 經(jīng)營，進行；繼續(xù)
He began to carry on the leather business last year. 他去年開始經(jīng)營皮革生意。
You just have to carry on as if nothing‘s happened. 你們接著干吧，就當什么事也沒發(fā)生。
They decided to carry on in spite of the weather. 他們決定不管天氣好壞都繼續(xù)下去。
II.課文分析
The American Tow-party System
No one now living in the United Sates can remember when the contest began between the Democratic and the Republican parties.① It has been going on for more than a century， making it one of the oldest political rivalries in the world.②
1.No one now living in the United States can remember when the contest began between the Democratic and the Republican parties. （para.1）
living in the United States是現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，修飾one.
when 引導賓語從句
2.It has been going on for more than a century， making it one of the oldest political rivalries in the world. （para.1）
1） has been going on 用的是現(xiàn)在完成進行時。2） making 是現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，其中oldest 是形容詞高級的形式
The American political system is a classical example of the two-party system. When we say that we have a tow-party system in the United States we do not mean that we have only two parties. Usually about a dozen parties nominate presidential candidates. We call it a two-party system because we have two large parties and a number of small parties， and the large parties are so large that we often forget about the rest. Usually the small parties collectively poll less than 5per cent of the vote cast in national elections.
The Democratic and Republican parties are the largest and most competitive organizations in the American community. They organize the electorate very simply by maintaining the two-parry system…… Americans almost inevitably become Democrats or Republicans because there is usually no other place for them to go. Moreover， because the rivalry of these parties is very old， most Americans know where they belong in the system…… As a consequence of the dominance of the Democrats. Attempts to break up this old system have been made in every presidential election in the past one hundred years， but the system has survived all assaults.③
3.Attempts to break up this old system have been made in every presidential election in the past one hundred years， but the system has survived all assaults. （para.3）
Attempt 后面的 “to break up this old system” 是動詞不定式作定語，修飾attempt.此句謂語動詞用的是現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。make attempt to do sth. 表示“企圖，打算做某事”。
How does it happen that the two-party system is so strongly rooted in American politics？ ④The explanation is probably to be found in the way elections are conducted. In the United States， unlike countries with a parliamentary system of government， we elect not only the President， but a large number of other officials， about 800，000 of them. We also elect 435 members of the House of Representatives from 435 districts （there are a few exceptions ）， one member for each district. Statistically， this kind of election favors the major parties. The system of elections makes it easy for the major parties to maintain their dominant position， because they are likely to win more than their share of the offices.⑤
4.How does it happen that the two-party system is so strongly rooted in American politics？
句中it 是形式主語，實際主語是that引導的主語從句。（para.4）
rooted是過去分詞在本句中用于被動語態(tài)。root 作動詞表示“（使）扎根，（使）生根”
e.g. The story is firmly rooted in reality.這個故事深深扎根于現(xiàn)實。
1.to break up： 打碎，結(jié)束
The ship broke up on the rocks. 輪船觸礁撞毀了。
The party didn‘t break up until midnight. 宴會到午夜才結(jié)束。
相關(guān)詞匯：to break down 損壞，（精神、健康）垮下來
to break into 強行闖入
to break out 爆發(fā)，突然出現(xiàn)
2.in favour of ： 贊成，支持；有利于
Most people are in favour of the newly-elected president. 大多數(shù)人支持新當選的總統(tǒng)。
The council has voted in favour of a $200 million housing development. 參議會投票通過了一項兩億美元的住宅開發(fā)計劃。
3.to carry on： 經(jīng)營，進行；繼續(xù)
He began to carry on the leather business last year. 他去年開始經(jīng)營皮革生意。
You just have to carry on as if nothing‘s happened. 你們接著干吧，就當什么事也沒發(fā)生。
They decided to carry on in spite of the weather. 他們決定不管天氣好壞都繼續(xù)下去。
II.課文分析
The American Tow-party System
No one now living in the United Sates can remember when the contest began between the Democratic and the Republican parties.① It has been going on for more than a century， making it one of the oldest political rivalries in the world.②
1.No one now living in the United States can remember when the contest began between the Democratic and the Republican parties. （para.1）
living in the United States是現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，修飾one.
when 引導賓語從句
2.It has been going on for more than a century， making it one of the oldest political rivalries in the world. （para.1）
1） has been going on 用的是現(xiàn)在完成進行時。2） making 是現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，其中oldest 是形容詞高級的形式
The American political system is a classical example of the two-party system. When we say that we have a tow-party system in the United States we do not mean that we have only two parties. Usually about a dozen parties nominate presidential candidates. We call it a two-party system because we have two large parties and a number of small parties， and the large parties are so large that we often forget about the rest. Usually the small parties collectively poll less than 5per cent of the vote cast in national elections.
The Democratic and Republican parties are the largest and most competitive organizations in the American community. They organize the electorate very simply by maintaining the two-parry system…… Americans almost inevitably become Democrats or Republicans because there is usually no other place for them to go. Moreover， because the rivalry of these parties is very old， most Americans know where they belong in the system…… As a consequence of the dominance of the Democrats. Attempts to break up this old system have been made in every presidential election in the past one hundred years， but the system has survived all assaults.③
3.Attempts to break up this old system have been made in every presidential election in the past one hundred years， but the system has survived all assaults. （para.3）
Attempt 后面的 “to break up this old system” 是動詞不定式作定語，修飾attempt.此句謂語動詞用的是現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。make attempt to do sth. 表示“企圖，打算做某事”。
How does it happen that the two-party system is so strongly rooted in American politics？ ④The explanation is probably to be found in the way elections are conducted. In the United States， unlike countries with a parliamentary system of government， we elect not only the President， but a large number of other officials， about 800，000 of them. We also elect 435 members of the House of Representatives from 435 districts （there are a few exceptions ）， one member for each district. Statistically， this kind of election favors the major parties. The system of elections makes it easy for the major parties to maintain their dominant position， because they are likely to win more than their share of the offices.⑤
4.How does it happen that the two-party system is so strongly rooted in American politics？
句中it 是形式主語，實際主語是that引導的主語從句。（para.4）
rooted是過去分詞在本句中用于被動語態(tài)。root 作動詞表示“（使）扎根，（使）生根”
e.g. The story is firmly rooted in reality.這個故事深深扎根于現(xiàn)實。