自考“英語(二)”完整講義(55)

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Para.3
    4.Robots, already taking over human tasks in the automotive field, are beginning to be seen, although to a lesser degree, in other industries as well.
    本句中, “already taking over human tasks in the automotive field” 是現(xiàn)在分詞詞組作非限定性定語,相當于一個非限制性定語從句。其中 “ although to a lesser degree” 是狀語。 “ to … degree” 表示“在某種程度上”。
    翻譯:“除了在汽車生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域替代工人勞動外,機器人也開始在別的工業(yè)部門應(yīng)用,雖然應(yīng)用的程度上低一些。”
    5.There they build electric motors, small appliances, pocket calculators, and even watches.
    在其它領(lǐng)域機器人用來做電機,小的用具,袖珍計算器,甚至是手表。
    6.The robots used in nuclear power plants handle the radioactive materials, preventing human personnel from being exposed to radiation.
    句中“ nuclear power ” :核電站
    “used in nuclear power plants” 是過去分詞短語作定語修飾“the robots”此句話謂語是“ handle”意思是搬運,處理。
    prevent from : 阻止做…。
    eg. The medicine will prevent you from getting cold.
    “preventing human personnel from being exposed to radiation” 是分詞作狀語?!皃revent … from doing sth.”是固定搭配表示“阻止… 做…”
    These are the robots responsible for the reduction in job-related injuries in this new industry.
    be responsible for : 對…。負責(zé)任
    在新的工業(yè)領(lǐng)域中機器人用來減少所有與工作有關(guān)的事故的發(fā)生。
    第二部分 Para.4
    7.What makes a robot a robot and not just another kind of automatic machine?
    make 可帶有雙賓語
    譯文:是什么使得一個機器人是機器人而不是一個自動化機器呢?
    例如: All work and no play made Jack a dull boy. 只工作不玩使杰克成了傻孩子。
    (只工作不玩耍,聰明孩子也變傻。 只會工作不會玩兒,杰克變成小傻孩兒。)
    8.Robots differ from automatic machines in that after completion of one specific task, they can be reprogrammed by a computer to do another one.
    在此句中, “ in that” 是復(fù)合連詞。表示:“原因是…,因為,在于……” 可以看作是引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。
    與“in that” 相類似的復(fù)合連詞還有:but that (若不是) now that (既然)等。
    (參看教材P.145的注釋4中的例句)
    9.As an example, a robot doing spot welding one month can be reprogrammed and switched to spray painting the next .
    句中doing spot welding one month 是分詞短語作定語修飾robot;
    the next相當于 the next month 與前邊的one month 相呼應(yīng)。
    本句意思是:“例如,一個機器人這個月做點焊工作,下個月可以重新編程去做噴漆工作?!?BR>    10.Automatic machines, on the other hand, are not capable of many different uses; they are built to perform only one task.
    自動化機床,沒有能力去做許多不同用途,它們被制造出來只是做一件事情。
    第三部分 Paras.5-7
    Para.5
    39.The next generation of robots will be able to see objects, will have a sense of touch, and will make critical decisions.
    下一代機器人將會有視覺、觸覺并且能夠做關(guān)鍵性的決策。
    40. Engineers skilled in microelectronics and computer technology are developing artificial vision for robots.
    skilled是過去分詞短語作定語
    artificial : 人工的
    在微電子學(xué)和計算機技術(shù)上有專長的工程技術(shù)人員正研制機器人的人工視覺。
    3.With the ability to “see”, robots can identify and inspect one specific class of objects out of
    a stack of different kinds of materials .
    identify: 識別
    inspect: 檢查