自考“英語(yǔ)(二)”完整講義(59)

字號(hào):

Ⅱ 重點(diǎn)句子講解:
    1.They hope to develop an early warning system that can be used to forecast earthquakes so that lives
    can be saved . 他們希望研究出一種能夠用來(lái)預(yù)報(bào)地震的早期預(yù)警系統(tǒng),以拯救生命。
    該句中that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾an early warning system .
    so that 引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明前邊的復(fù)合句。
    2.The nations that are actively involved in earthquake prediction programs include Japan, China, Russia, and the United States.
    定語(yǔ)從句中短語(yǔ) be involved in … “參加,參與”
    Eg :All the children were involved in the school play. 所有的孩子都參加了學(xué)校排練的劇。
    The four men were all involved in organizing and carrying out the murders. 這四個(gè)人都參與組織和實(shí)施了這些謀殺案。
    3.These networks are on the alert for warning signs that show the weakening of rock layers that can precede an earthquake.
    這些網(wǎng)絡(luò)始終處于戒備狀態(tài),搜索地震前巖石可能松動(dòng)的警告跡象。
    第一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句修飾warning signs
    第二個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句修飾the weakening of rock layers
    4.Scientists speculate that the amount of radon increases in the ground when rocks layers shift, exposing new rocks , and thus more radon.
    科學(xué)家推測(cè),當(dāng)巖層位移時(shí),露出新巖石,地下氡的含量會(huì)增加,因此就產(chǎn)生更多的氡。
    exposing new rocks , and thus more radon.分詞短語(yǔ)作動(dòng)詞shift的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)
    5.However, all the scientists agree that more data is necessary to prove that radon levels in water are
    associated with the possible birth of an earthquake.
    be associated with : 與…。有關(guān)
    但是,所有科學(xué)家都同意還需要有更多的數(shù)據(jù)才能證明水中氡含量與可能發(fā)生地震之間有著聯(lián)系。
    在賓語(yǔ)從句中又有一個(gè)that 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句
    6.While this is a small start, it is still a beginning.
    盡管這是一個(gè)小的開端,但畢竟還只是處于初始階段。
    While 在本句中引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“盡管,雖然”
    conj.
    (1)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句
    (2)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)表示“在…之間”
    (3)表示兩個(gè)并列關(guān)系的轉(zhuǎn)折,“而,然而”
    n.一回兒
    eg. Wait a while 等一會(huì)兒
    still conj. 畢竟,盡管如此
    ad.還,仍然,仍舊
    n.靜物
    a.靜止的,不動(dòng)的
    stand still 站著不動(dòng)
    Ⅲ 補(bǔ)充語(yǔ)法:
    不定式在句中的作用
    不定式除了不可以作謂語(yǔ)之外,它可以擔(dān)任句子的成分有:主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、
    定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。 常用來(lái)表示未來(lái)要做的事,以及愿望、打算、決心等
    1.主語(yǔ)
    To sum up experience is important.
    It is important to sum up experience.( it 為形式主語(yǔ))
    2.表語(yǔ)
    Our aim (goal) is to pass the exam. Our objective is to master English.
    master v. 掌握
    n.主人