自考“英語(yǔ)(二)”完整講義(26)

字號(hào):

2. debate : 爭(zhēng)論,辯論
    用法:to debate on 對(duì)… 進(jìn)行辯論;
    Lincoln debated Douglas on this issue. 林肯與道格拉斯就這個(gè)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了辯論。
    Education is the current focus of public debate. 教育是當(dāng)前公眾爭(zhēng)論的焦點(diǎn)。
    同義詞:dispute
    3. legal : a.法律上的,合法的
    派生詞: illegal a. 不合法的
    4. request : vt/n. 請(qǐng)求,要求
    搭配:request for 要求… ; make a request for 要求;at sb‘s request 應(yīng)…之要求;
    例:He made a request for immediate help. 他要求立即給予幫助。
    The singer gave one more song at our request. 歌唱家在我們的要求下又唱了一首歌。
    They made a request to release the prisoners.他們要求釋放犯人。
    其他用法:request 后接that 從句時(shí),從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用虛擬語(yǔ)氣“should + 動(dòng)詞原形”的形式。例:He requested that he (should)stay for more days. 他請(qǐng)求再住一些天。
    5. criterion : 標(biāo)準(zhǔn),準(zhǔn)則復(fù)數(shù):criteria (批評(píng)、判斷、決定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和準(zhǔn)則)
    例: What criteria do you use to judge a good wine? 你用什么標(biāo)準(zhǔn)判斷酒的好壞?
    同義詞:standard 標(biāo)準(zhǔn) (客觀的、公正的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),可用于比較、衡量事物)
    例: The standard of living has improved greatly.生活的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)已經(jīng)大大提高。
    6. ensure : vt. 保證,保護(hù);賦予
    用法:ensure sb. that 確?!?。 ensure sth.
    I can ensure that he will come at 12 o'clock.我能保證他將在12點(diǎn)鐘來(lái)。
    他的才能將保證他得到成功。 His ability will ensure his success.
    7. oppose vt. 反對(duì)
    派生詞:opposition n. 反對(duì);opponent n. 對(duì)手
    用法:be opposed to 反對(duì),
    We are firmly opposed to this dirty political deal. 我們堅(jiān)決反對(duì)這場(chǎng)骯臟的政治交易。
    What he said was totally opposed to the facts. 他說(shuō)的與事實(shí)完全相反。
    He is very much opposed to my going abroad . 他非常反對(duì)我出國(guó)。
    區(qū)別:oppose 與be opposed to
    They opposed the plan. 他們反對(duì)此計(jì)劃。(表示動(dòng)作)
    They were opposed to the plan 他們反對(duì)此計(jì)劃。(表示態(tài)度)
    8. disabled : 傷殘的,使失去戰(zhàn)斗力的
    派生詞:disable v. 使不能… ; able adj. 有能力的;enable v. 使能夠………;unable a. 不能的,沒(méi)有能力的;
    用法:
    the disabled 殘疾人
    disable sb. from doing sth. 使某人不能干… , 使某人喪失能力;
    一場(chǎng)事故使他再也不能打籃球了。 An accident disabled him from playing basketball.
    enable sb. to do sth. 使某人能作某事
    乘飛機(jī)使我們幾個(gè)小時(shí)就能越過(guò)太平洋Flying enables us to go across the Pacific in a few hours.
    be able to do sth. 能夠做某事
    我們能說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。 We are able to speak English.
    be unable to do sth. 不能做某事
    我們不能在9點(diǎn)鐘之前到。 We are unable to get there before 9 o‘clock.
    9. sensitive : adj. 敏感的,靈敏的
    派生詞:sense n. 感覺(jué),感知;
    用法:be sensitive to 對(duì) …很敏感
    Her reply showed that she was very sensitive to criticism. 她的回答表明她對(duì)批評(píng)非常敏感。
    他對(duì)天氣變化很敏感。He is sensitive to the change of weather.