（12）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)
1過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的定義
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)常表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或過(guò)去某一階段內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
2過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)是由“be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式was/were＋現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。
3過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本句型
肯定式
疑問(wèn)式
否定式
I was working
Were you working？
I was not working
He / She / it was working.
Was he / she / it working？
Yes，he / she / it was.
No，he / she / it wasn't.
He / she / it was not working.
We were working.
Were we working？
We were not working
You were working
Were you working？
You were not working
They were working
Were they working？
They were not working
4過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法
a.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常和表過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：
I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候我正在做作業(yè)。
They were expecting you yesterday.他們昨天一直在等待。
b.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可與soon，the next moment，in minutes，minutes later等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，表示一個(gè)新的動(dòng)作剛剛開始。如：
Soon the whole town was talking about it.不久鎮(zhèn)上的人就都談?wù)撈疬@種事了。
c.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可用來(lái)申述原因或用作借口，這種用法常用在口語(yǔ)中。如：
—— Have you finished your homework，Mary？瑪麗，你作業(yè)做完了嗎？
—— No，I was helping my mother is the kitchen all day yesterday.還沒呢，我昨天一天都幫媽媽在廚房干活。
d.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可用來(lái)為一個(gè)后一系列動(dòng)作的發(fā)生提供背景。如：
I hurt my leg when I was riding a bike.我在騎車時(shí)把腿摔壞了。
e.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望或打算，這時(shí)be動(dòng)詞was/were要重讀。如：
I was writing him a letter this morning and forgot all about it .我本該今天早上給他寫信的，后來(lái)全給忘了。
I was seeing her tomorrow. 我本來(lái)打算明天會(huì)見她。
He was watching the play yesterday，but he was too busy. 他昨天本來(lái)要看那場(chǎng)戲的，可是太忙了。
5 一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別
（1）一般過(guò)去式常表示在過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)（包括過(guò)去習(xí)慣動(dòng)作），常與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有just now，a moment ago，yesterday，last week（month，year），the day before yesterday及表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。如：
I was sixteen yesterday old last year.我去年16歲。
He worked in a factory in 1986.他1986年在一家工廠工作。
I met her in the street the day before yesterday.前天我在街上遇見了她。
He often swam in the river when he was young.他小時(shí)侯常在河里游泳。
（2）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常與之連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有，at that time/moment，（at） this time yesterday （last night/Sunday/week…），at+點(diǎn)鐘+yesterday （last night / Sunday…），when ******************. did sth等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
What were you doing at seven p.m. yesterday？昨天晚上七點(diǎn)你在干什么？
I first met Mary three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time.我第一次遇到瑪麗是在三年前，當(dāng)時(shí)她在一家無(wú)線電商店工作。
I was cooking when she knocked at the door.她敲門時(shí)我正在做飯。
（3）一般過(guò)去時(shí)往往表示某一動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)卻表示動(dòng)作在持續(xù)或未完成。如：
I saw you while you were speaking to the teacher.你在和老師談話時(shí)我看見了你。
注意：有的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)既可用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)，也可用于過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，但含義不同。如：
She wrote a letter to her friend last night.她昨晚給她的朋友寫了封信。（信寫完了）
She was writing a letter to her friend last night.她昨晚一直在給她的朋友寫信。（信不一定寫完）
一、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
1.when 和while引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，強(qiáng)調(diào)某個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行的過(guò)程中時(shí)要用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，while表示一段時(shí)間，因此它所引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，如：
When/While we were having supper，the light went out.我們正在吃飯時(shí)燈熄滅了。
2.when用作并列連詞時(shí)，主句常用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，從句則用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的過(guò)程中，另一個(gè)意想不到的動(dòng)作發(fā)生了。如：
I was walking in the street when someone called me.我正在街上走時(shí)突然有人喊我。
二、下面幾種情況不用一般過(guò)去時(shí)而要用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：
1. 表示過(guò)去某一階段暫時(shí)性的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作時(shí)。如：
Tom was getting up at six o'clock every day that week.湯姆那一周里每天都是六點(diǎn)鐘起床。
2. 與always連用表示贊美，厭煩等感情色彩時(shí)。如：
John was always coming to school late.約翰上學(xué)總是遲到。
Lei Feng was always doing good deeds for the people.雷鋒總是為人民做好事。
3. 用來(lái)描寫故事發(fā)生的情景時(shí)。如：
It was a dark night. The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily. A PLA man suddenly appeared on the river bank. He wanted to cross the river.那是一個(gè)漆黑的夜晚，風(fēng)刮得很厲害，雨下得很大，一個(gè)解放軍戰(zhàn)士突然出現(xiàn)在河岸上，他想過(guò)河去。
4. when作并列連詞，表示“（這時(shí)）突然”之意時(shí)，第一個(gè)并列分句用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，when引導(dǎo)的并列分句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如：
I was taking a walk when I met him.我正在散步，突然遇見了他。
We were playing outside when it began to rain.我們正在外邊玩，這時(shí)下起雨來(lái)了。
5go，come，leave，start，arrive等動(dòng)詞可用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)的含義。如：
I was leaving for Wuhan that day.那天我正要去武漢。
She was coming later.她隨后就來(lái)。
三、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示婉轉(zhuǎn)語(yǔ)氣（只限于want，hope，wonder 等動(dòng)詞），用以提出請(qǐng)求。如：
I was wondering if you could help me.
I was hoping you could send me home.
1.My brother ___ while he ___ his bicycle and hurt himself.
A. fell，was riding B. fell，were riding C. had fallen，rode D. had fallen，was riding
2. Tom ___ into the house when no one ___.
A. slipped，was looking B. had slipped，looked C. slipped，had looked D. was slipping，looked
3.The last time I __ Jane she ___ cotton in the fields.
A. had seen，was picking B. saw，picked C. had seen，picked D. saw，was picking
4.I don't think Jim saw me； he ___ into space.
A. just stared B. was just staring C. has just stared D. had just stared
5.I first met Lisa three years ago. She ___ at a radio shop at the time.
A. has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had worked
6.——Hey，look where you are going！ ——Oh，I'm terribly sorry.________.
A. I'm not noticing B. I wasn't noticing C. I haven't noticed D. I don't notice
7. The reporter said that the UFO ___ east to west when he saw it.
A. was traveling B. traveled C. had been traveling D. was to travel
8. I ___ my breakfast when the morning post came.
A. had B. had been having C. have been having D. was having
9.When I arrived at his office，he ___ on the phone.
A. was speaking B. spoke C. had been speaking D. had spoken
10. “What's the matter，Ali？ You look sad.”
“Oh，nothing much. As a matter of fact，I ___ of my friends back home.”
A. just thought B. have just been thinking C. was just thinking D. have just thought
1過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的定義
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)常表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或過(guò)去某一階段內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
2過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)是由“be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式was/were＋現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。
3過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本句型
肯定式
疑問(wèn)式
否定式
I was working
Were you working？
I was not working
He / She / it was working.
Was he / she / it working？
Yes，he / she / it was.
No，he / she / it wasn't.
He / she / it was not working.
We were working.
Were we working？
We were not working
You were working
Were you working？
You were not working
They were working
Were they working？
They were not working
4過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法
a.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常和表過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：
I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候我正在做作業(yè)。
They were expecting you yesterday.他們昨天一直在等待。
b.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可與soon，the next moment，in minutes，minutes later等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，表示一個(gè)新的動(dòng)作剛剛開始。如：
Soon the whole town was talking about it.不久鎮(zhèn)上的人就都談?wù)撈疬@種事了。
c.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可用來(lái)申述原因或用作借口，這種用法常用在口語(yǔ)中。如：
—— Have you finished your homework，Mary？瑪麗，你作業(yè)做完了嗎？
—— No，I was helping my mother is the kitchen all day yesterday.還沒呢，我昨天一天都幫媽媽在廚房干活。
d.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可用來(lái)為一個(gè)后一系列動(dòng)作的發(fā)生提供背景。如：
I hurt my leg when I was riding a bike.我在騎車時(shí)把腿摔壞了。
e.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望或打算，這時(shí)be動(dòng)詞was/were要重讀。如：
I was writing him a letter this morning and forgot all about it .我本該今天早上給他寫信的，后來(lái)全給忘了。
I was seeing her tomorrow. 我本來(lái)打算明天會(huì)見她。
He was watching the play yesterday，but he was too busy. 他昨天本來(lái)要看那場(chǎng)戲的，可是太忙了。
5 一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別
（1）一般過(guò)去式常表示在過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)（包括過(guò)去習(xí)慣動(dòng)作），常與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有just now，a moment ago，yesterday，last week（month，year），the day before yesterday及表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。如：
I was sixteen yesterday old last year.我去年16歲。
He worked in a factory in 1986.他1986年在一家工廠工作。
I met her in the street the day before yesterday.前天我在街上遇見了她。
He often swam in the river when he was young.他小時(shí)侯常在河里游泳。
（2）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常與之連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有，at that time/moment，（at） this time yesterday （last night/Sunday/week…），at+點(diǎn)鐘+yesterday （last night / Sunday…），when ******************. did sth等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
What were you doing at seven p.m. yesterday？昨天晚上七點(diǎn)你在干什么？
I first met Mary three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time.我第一次遇到瑪麗是在三年前，當(dāng)時(shí)她在一家無(wú)線電商店工作。
I was cooking when she knocked at the door.她敲門時(shí)我正在做飯。
（3）一般過(guò)去時(shí)往往表示某一動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)卻表示動(dòng)作在持續(xù)或未完成。如：
I saw you while you were speaking to the teacher.你在和老師談話時(shí)我看見了你。
注意：有的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)既可用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)，也可用于過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，但含義不同。如：
She wrote a letter to her friend last night.她昨晚給她的朋友寫了封信。（信寫完了）
She was writing a letter to her friend last night.她昨晚一直在給她的朋友寫信。（信不一定寫完）
一、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
1.when 和while引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，強(qiáng)調(diào)某個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行的過(guò)程中時(shí)要用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，while表示一段時(shí)間，因此它所引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，如：
When/While we were having supper，the light went out.我們正在吃飯時(shí)燈熄滅了。
2.when用作并列連詞時(shí)，主句常用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，從句則用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的過(guò)程中，另一個(gè)意想不到的動(dòng)作發(fā)生了。如：
I was walking in the street when someone called me.我正在街上走時(shí)突然有人喊我。
二、下面幾種情況不用一般過(guò)去時(shí)而要用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：
1. 表示過(guò)去某一階段暫時(shí)性的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作時(shí)。如：
Tom was getting up at six o'clock every day that week.湯姆那一周里每天都是六點(diǎn)鐘起床。
2. 與always連用表示贊美，厭煩等感情色彩時(shí)。如：
John was always coming to school late.約翰上學(xué)總是遲到。
Lei Feng was always doing good deeds for the people.雷鋒總是為人民做好事。
3. 用來(lái)描寫故事發(fā)生的情景時(shí)。如：
It was a dark night. The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily. A PLA man suddenly appeared on the river bank. He wanted to cross the river.那是一個(gè)漆黑的夜晚，風(fēng)刮得很厲害，雨下得很大，一個(gè)解放軍戰(zhàn)士突然出現(xiàn)在河岸上，他想過(guò)河去。
4. when作并列連詞，表示“（這時(shí)）突然”之意時(shí)，第一個(gè)并列分句用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，when引導(dǎo)的并列分句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如：
I was taking a walk when I met him.我正在散步，突然遇見了他。
We were playing outside when it began to rain.我們正在外邊玩，這時(shí)下起雨來(lái)了。
5go，come，leave，start，arrive等動(dòng)詞可用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)的含義。如：
I was leaving for Wuhan that day.那天我正要去武漢。
She was coming later.她隨后就來(lái)。
三、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示婉轉(zhuǎn)語(yǔ)氣（只限于want，hope，wonder 等動(dòng)詞），用以提出請(qǐng)求。如：
I was wondering if you could help me.
I was hoping you could send me home.
1.My brother ___ while he ___ his bicycle and hurt himself.
A. fell，was riding B. fell，were riding C. had fallen，rode D. had fallen，was riding
2. Tom ___ into the house when no one ___.
A. slipped，was looking B. had slipped，looked C. slipped，had looked D. was slipping，looked
3.The last time I __ Jane she ___ cotton in the fields.
A. had seen，was picking B. saw，picked C. had seen，picked D. saw，was picking
4.I don't think Jim saw me； he ___ into space.
A. just stared B. was just staring C. has just stared D. had just stared
5.I first met Lisa three years ago. She ___ at a radio shop at the time.
A. has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had worked
6.——Hey，look where you are going！ ——Oh，I'm terribly sorry.________.
A. I'm not noticing B. I wasn't noticing C. I haven't noticed D. I don't notice
7. The reporter said that the UFO ___ east to west when he saw it.
A. was traveling B. traveled C. had been traveling D. was to travel
8. I ___ my breakfast when the morning post came.
A. had B. had been having C. have been having D. was having
9.When I arrived at his office，he ___ on the phone.
A. was speaking B. spoke C. had been speaking D. had spoken
10. “What's the matter，Ali？ You look sad.”
“Oh，nothing much. As a matter of fact，I ___ of my friends back home.”
A. just thought B. have just been thinking C. was just thinking D. have just thought