（14）現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時
1 定義 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時表示動作從過去某一時間開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能還要繼續(xù)下去。
2 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的構(gòu)成
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時是由“have/has+been+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成
3 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的基本句型
肯定式
疑問式
簡略回答
I have been working.
Have you been working？
Yes，I/we have.
No，I/we havent.
He/She/It has been working.
Has he/she/it been working？
Yes，he/she/it has.
No，he/she/it hasn't.
We/You/They have been working.
Have they been working？
Yes，they have.
No，they haven't.
注： 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時基本上沒有否定結(jié)構(gòu)
4 現(xiàn)在完成時的語法作用
（1）在強(qiáng)調(diào)指出動作還未結(jié)束，還要繼續(xù)下去。如：I've been reading this book for two hours，but I haven't finished it. 這本書我已讀了兩個小時了，但我還沒讀完。
I've read this book.我已讀完這本書了。
（2）強(qiáng)調(diào)動作延續(xù)時間的長久或帶感情色彩。
She has always been working like that.她一貫是這樣工作的。
（3）動作不包含持續(xù)意義的動作，要表示延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。
They've been building a ship.（在進(jìn)行）他們一直在造一艘船。
（4）現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時也可表示現(xiàn)在以前這段時間反復(fù)發(fā)生的事情。
We've been seeing quite a lot of each other recently.最近我們經(jīng)常見面。
現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的區(qū)別
（1）現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時更強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的延續(xù)性，它是現(xiàn)在完成時的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。試比較：
We've been living here for ten years.
We've lived here for ten years.我們在這兒已經(jīng)住了十年了。
（2）在不用時間狀語的情況下，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時表示動作仍在進(jìn)行。而現(xiàn)在完成時則表示動作在過去已結(jié)束。如：
The students have been preparing for the exam.（還在進(jìn)行）學(xué)生們一直在準(zhǔn)備考試。
The students have prepared for the exam.（已經(jīng)結(jié)束）學(xué)生們?yōu)榭荚囎髁藴?zhǔn)備。
（3）有些表示狀態(tài)，感情，感覺的動詞如：have，exist，like，hate，hear，know，sound等動詞不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時，但可用于現(xiàn)在完成時。如：
They've known each other since 1970.自從1970年起他們就相互認(rèn)識了。
單項(xiàng)選擇
1.Even though they ___ for twenty years，the two neighbours are not on good terms.
A. have been lived side by side B. had been living side by side
C. have been side by side living D. have been living side by side
2.I haven't seen Mary these past few days，I'm afraid she ___ herself for some time.
A. hasn't been feeling B. hadn't been feeling C. isn't feeling D. wasn't feeling
3.She ___ on this essay for twenty minutes but she has written only about a hundred words.
A. will be working B. worked C. has been working D. will have worked
4.——Hi，Tracy，you look tired. ——I'm tired. I ___ the living room all day.
A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted
5.——Hi，Joan，I have seen you for weeks. What ___ recently？
——Carrying on some research on wildlife.
A. have you been doing B. have you done C. were you doing D. did you do
6.You must be tired now since you ___ for five hours.
A. have been worked B. have been working C. worked D. would work
1 定義 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時表示動作從過去某一時間開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能還要繼續(xù)下去。
2 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的構(gòu)成
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時是由“have/has+been+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成
3 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的基本句型
肯定式
疑問式
簡略回答
I have been working.
Have you been working？
Yes，I/we have.
No，I/we havent.
He/She/It has been working.
Has he/she/it been working？
Yes，he/she/it has.
No，he/she/it hasn't.
We/You/They have been working.
Have they been working？
Yes，they have.
No，they haven't.
注： 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時基本上沒有否定結(jié)構(gòu)
4 現(xiàn)在完成時的語法作用
（1）在強(qiáng)調(diào)指出動作還未結(jié)束，還要繼續(xù)下去。如：I've been reading this book for two hours，but I haven't finished it. 這本書我已讀了兩個小時了，但我還沒讀完。
I've read this book.我已讀完這本書了。
（2）強(qiáng)調(diào)動作延續(xù)時間的長久或帶感情色彩。
She has always been working like that.她一貫是這樣工作的。
（3）動作不包含持續(xù)意義的動作，要表示延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。
They've been building a ship.（在進(jìn)行）他們一直在造一艘船。
（4）現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時也可表示現(xiàn)在以前這段時間反復(fù)發(fā)生的事情。
We've been seeing quite a lot of each other recently.最近我們經(jīng)常見面。
現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的區(qū)別
（1）現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時更強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的延續(xù)性，它是現(xiàn)在完成時的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。試比較：
We've been living here for ten years.
We've lived here for ten years.我們在這兒已經(jīng)住了十年了。
（2）在不用時間狀語的情況下，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時表示動作仍在進(jìn)行。而現(xiàn)在完成時則表示動作在過去已結(jié)束。如：
The students have been preparing for the exam.（還在進(jìn)行）學(xué)生們一直在準(zhǔn)備考試。
The students have prepared for the exam.（已經(jīng)結(jié)束）學(xué)生們?yōu)榭荚囎髁藴?zhǔn)備。
（3）有些表示狀態(tài)，感情，感覺的動詞如：have，exist，like，hate，hear，know，sound等動詞不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時，但可用于現(xiàn)在完成時。如：
They've known each other since 1970.自從1970年起他們就相互認(rèn)識了。
單項(xiàng)選擇
1.Even though they ___ for twenty years，the two neighbours are not on good terms.
A. have been lived side by side B. had been living side by side
C. have been side by side living D. have been living side by side
2.I haven't seen Mary these past few days，I'm afraid she ___ herself for some time.
A. hasn't been feeling B. hadn't been feeling C. isn't feeling D. wasn't feeling
3.She ___ on this essay for twenty minutes but she has written only about a hundred words.
A. will be working B. worked C. has been working D. will have worked
4.——Hi，Tracy，you look tired. ——I'm tired. I ___ the living room all day.
A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted
5.——Hi，Joan，I have seen you for weeks. What ___ recently？
——Carrying on some research on wildlife.
A. have you been doing B. have you done C. were you doing D. did you do
6.You must be tired now since you ___ for five hours.
A. have been worked B. have been working C. worked D. would work