3. Many wrong ideas about the Atlantic made early sailors unwilling to sail far out into it.
make sb. unwilling to do sth. 意為“使得某人不愿做某事”。例如:His indifference to work made everybody unwilling to cooperate with him.(他對(duì)工作的冷漠態(tài)度使得所有的人都不愿與他合作。)
主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+補(bǔ)語(yǔ)(SVOC)的句型在課本第二單元的語(yǔ)法中已有較詳細(xì)的論述。請(qǐng)翻譯下面的句子:
1)His behavior at the dinner party made the host annoyed.?。ㄋ谕硌缟系男袨槭怪魅撕軔阑?。)
2)That film made him famous.(那部影片使他出了名。)
3)他剛才的一番話使瑪麗很傷心。(What he said just now made Mary very sad.)
4)老師對(duì)他作文的評(píng)價(jià)令他失望?!。═he teacher's comment on his composition made him disappointed.)
5)What he had done made his friends hesitant to accept the invitation.
(他的所為使得他的朋友們對(duì)接受邀請(qǐng)猶豫不決。)
6)他的揮霍浪費(fèi)使得他的父母不愿意再給他錢。
(His unthriftiness made his parents unwilling to give him any more money.)
4. One idea was that it reached out to “the edge of the world”。
Another idea was that at the equator the ocean would be boiling hot.
這兩個(gè)都是表語(yǔ)從句和主句中的系動(dòng)詞連用的句子。結(jié)構(gòu)為:主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)從句。請(qǐng)看下面的例句:My idea is that we contact him as soon as possible.(我的想法是我們應(yīng)該盡快跟他聯(lián)系。)
請(qǐng)翻譯下面的句子:
1) My suggestion is that we should put off the meeting.(我的建議是我們應(yīng)該把會(huì)議延期。)
2) One advantage of solar energy is that it will never be used up.?。ㄌ?yáng)能的一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)是用之不竭。)
3) 問(wèn)題是你不在時(shí)誰(shuí)照管孩子?!。═he problem is who will take care of the children while you are away.)
4) 看起來(lái)天要下雨。(It looks that it is going to rain.)
請(qǐng)注意辨析another 和other:
another由 an+other構(gòu)成,只和單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用。other可用于所有名詞前。another+單數(shù)名詞表示不定的“另一個(gè)”,the other+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示特指的“另一個(gè)”。
請(qǐng)看下面的例句:
1) This idea is not very practical, will you think of another one??。ㄟ@個(gè)主意不太實(shí)際,你能另想一個(gè)嗎?)
2) This book is too difficult. Show me another one.(這本書太難了,給我看另外一本。)
3) Of the three books in my bag, two are published in China, the other is published in the United States.
(我包里的三本書中,兩本是中國(guó)出版的,另一本是美國(guó)出版的。)
4) Tom is here, but where are the other boys?(湯姆在這兒,其他的男孩在哪兒呢?)
5) I like this coat better than the other one.(兩件上衣中,我更喜歡這一件。)
6) This camera is more expensive than the other one.(這架照相機(jī)比另一架貴。)
boiling hot意思是“滾熱的,酷熱的”。此處的boiling不是形容詞而是副詞,表示熱的程度,修飾hot.
5. Sailors were afraid that they might sail right off the earth.
此句中,that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句作形容詞的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如:
1) I am afraid that I can not finish the article in two hours.?。ㄎ覔?dān)心我兩小時(shí)內(nèi)寫不完這篇文章。)
2) He was afraid that he couldn't give you a definite answer. (他擔(dān)心他不能給你一個(gè)明確的答復(fù)。)
3) I am afraid that I have made a mistake.(我擔(dān)心自己犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。)
4) We are confident that we can overcome all the difficulties.?。ㄎ覀兿嘈抛约耗芸朔械睦щy。)
對(duì)“be + 形容詞 + that引起的從句”這類結(jié)構(gòu),語(yǔ)法家們有的認(rèn)為that從句做賓語(yǔ)用,有的認(rèn)為that從句做狀語(yǔ)用。根據(jù)句子的邏輯意義來(lái)判斷也許比較方便一些。如:I'm sorry that you failed the exam again. 這個(gè)句子中的that從句起狀語(yǔ)作用,相當(dāng)于“…because you failed the exam again.”
6. The Atlantic Ocean is only half as big as the Pacific,…
在第一單元中我們討論過(guò)副詞的同等比較。本句中as big as 則是形容詞的同等比較。在這類句子中,可以有表示程度的狀語(yǔ)。例如:
1) This book is not half as interesting as that one.(這本書還不如那本書一半有趣。)
2) My monthly income is only half as much as his.(我的月收入只有他的一半多。)
3) This year our university will enroll three times as many students as it did the year before last.
(我們學(xué)校今年的招生人數(shù)將是前年的三倍。)
請(qǐng)翻譯下面的句子:
1) 我的英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)還不及你的一半流利。(My spoken English is not half as fluent as yours.)
2) 這只手提箱還沒(méi)有那只手提箱一半重。(This suitcase is not half as heavy as that one.)
3) 這個(gè)房間是那個(gè)房間的兩倍。(This room is twice as large as that one.)
7. But suppose no more rain fell into it and no more water was brought to it by rivers.
suppose 常常做動(dòng)詞用,意思是“假定;猜想;認(rèn)為”。例如:
1) Let's suppose it to be true.(讓我們假定這是真的。)
2) I suppose he is very nervous.(我猜想他很緊張。)
3) I supposed him to be an honest man, but he often tells lies.?。ㄎ乙詾樗苷\(chéng)實(shí),他卻經(jīng)常說(shuō)謊。)
在本句中suppose(也可以用supposing)是一個(gè)連詞,意思是“假設(shè)(= if);假使…結(jié)果會(huì)怎么樣”。例如:
1) Suppose he is ill, what shall we do?(假如他病了,我們?cè)趺崔k?)
2) Suppose a tiger should come out of the cage??。ㄈ绻恢焕匣幕\子中跑出來(lái)怎么辦?)
3) Suppose something should go wrong?(如果出了什么問(wèn)題會(huì)怎么樣?)
8. It would take the ocean about 4000 years to dry up.
it takes (sb.) some time to do sth. 是很常用的一個(gè)句型。例如:
1) 我騎自行車到學(xué)校要花半小時(shí)。(It takes me half an hour to get to school by bike.)
2) 他花了兩個(gè)星期時(shí)間才看完那本書。(It took him two weeks to finish reading that book.)
請(qǐng)翻譯下面的句子:
1) It took the boy three hours to finish his homework.(那個(gè)男孩花了3小時(shí)才寫完作業(yè)。)
2) It takes less than 4 hours to get to Shanghai by train from Nanjing.(從南京乘火車到上海只要不到4小時(shí)。)
3) 他花了4天時(shí)間才走出密林。(It took him 4 days to go out of the forest.)
4) 照顧一個(gè)生病的老人要花許多時(shí)間。(It will take a great deal of time to look after a sick old man.
9. On the average the water is a little more than two miles deep, but in places it is much deeper.
on the average在句子中的意思是“平均而言”。例如:
1) On the average, they drove 70 miles an hour.(他們平均每小時(shí)行駛70英里。)
2) On the average, they spend 20 yuan on food every day.(他們平均每天花20塊錢吃飯。)
a little 在句子中修飾more,表示程度,意思是“一點(diǎn)兒,稍許”。much在句子中修飾deeper,也表示程度,加強(qiáng)形容詞比較級(jí),意思是“…多”。例如:
1) I feel a little cold.(我覺(jué)得有點(diǎn)冷。)
2) He spent a little more than 20 yuan yesterday.(昨天他花了20塊多一點(diǎn)兒。)
3) I feel much better now.(我現(xiàn)在感覺(jué)好多了。)
4) She is much more careful this time.(她這細(xì)心多了。)
請(qǐng)翻譯下面的句子:
1) 干了一天的工作,我覺(jué)得有點(diǎn)累。(I feel a little tired after a day's work.)
2) 她對(duì)她的同學(xué)有點(diǎn)不友好。(She is a little unfriendly to her classmates.)
3) 聽了那個(gè)消息他開心多了。(He was much happier after hearing that news.)
10. This “deep” measures 30,246 feet——almost 6 miles (9.6km)。
本句中的deep做名詞用,意思是“深處”,“海淵”(水深超過(guò)3000英里)。
measure 在句子中做動(dòng)詞用,意思是“測(cè)量”,“有…深”。例如:
1) This room measures 10 metres across.(這個(gè)房間寬10米。)
2) The bridge measures 17 kilometres long.(這座橋長(zhǎng)17公里。)
3) The water tank only measures 2 metres deep.(這只水箱只有2米深。)
make sb. unwilling to do sth. 意為“使得某人不愿做某事”。例如:His indifference to work made everybody unwilling to cooperate with him.(他對(duì)工作的冷漠態(tài)度使得所有的人都不愿與他合作。)
主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+補(bǔ)語(yǔ)(SVOC)的句型在課本第二單元的語(yǔ)法中已有較詳細(xì)的論述。請(qǐng)翻譯下面的句子:
1)His behavior at the dinner party made the host annoyed.?。ㄋ谕硌缟系男袨槭怪魅撕軔阑?。)
2)That film made him famous.(那部影片使他出了名。)
3)他剛才的一番話使瑪麗很傷心。(What he said just now made Mary very sad.)
4)老師對(duì)他作文的評(píng)價(jià)令他失望?!。═he teacher's comment on his composition made him disappointed.)
5)What he had done made his friends hesitant to accept the invitation.
(他的所為使得他的朋友們對(duì)接受邀請(qǐng)猶豫不決。)
6)他的揮霍浪費(fèi)使得他的父母不愿意再給他錢。
(His unthriftiness made his parents unwilling to give him any more money.)
4. One idea was that it reached out to “the edge of the world”。
Another idea was that at the equator the ocean would be boiling hot.
這兩個(gè)都是表語(yǔ)從句和主句中的系動(dòng)詞連用的句子。結(jié)構(gòu)為:主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)從句。請(qǐng)看下面的例句:My idea is that we contact him as soon as possible.(我的想法是我們應(yīng)該盡快跟他聯(lián)系。)
請(qǐng)翻譯下面的句子:
1) My suggestion is that we should put off the meeting.(我的建議是我們應(yīng)該把會(huì)議延期。)
2) One advantage of solar energy is that it will never be used up.?。ㄌ?yáng)能的一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)是用之不竭。)
3) 問(wèn)題是你不在時(shí)誰(shuí)照管孩子?!。═he problem is who will take care of the children while you are away.)
4) 看起來(lái)天要下雨。(It looks that it is going to rain.)
請(qǐng)注意辨析another 和other:
another由 an+other構(gòu)成,只和單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用。other可用于所有名詞前。another+單數(shù)名詞表示不定的“另一個(gè)”,the other+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示特指的“另一個(gè)”。
請(qǐng)看下面的例句:
1) This idea is not very practical, will you think of another one??。ㄟ@個(gè)主意不太實(shí)際,你能另想一個(gè)嗎?)
2) This book is too difficult. Show me another one.(這本書太難了,給我看另外一本。)
3) Of the three books in my bag, two are published in China, the other is published in the United States.
(我包里的三本書中,兩本是中國(guó)出版的,另一本是美國(guó)出版的。)
4) Tom is here, but where are the other boys?(湯姆在這兒,其他的男孩在哪兒呢?)
5) I like this coat better than the other one.(兩件上衣中,我更喜歡這一件。)
6) This camera is more expensive than the other one.(這架照相機(jī)比另一架貴。)
boiling hot意思是“滾熱的,酷熱的”。此處的boiling不是形容詞而是副詞,表示熱的程度,修飾hot.
5. Sailors were afraid that they might sail right off the earth.
此句中,that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句作形容詞的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如:
1) I am afraid that I can not finish the article in two hours.?。ㄎ覔?dān)心我兩小時(shí)內(nèi)寫不完這篇文章。)
2) He was afraid that he couldn't give you a definite answer. (他擔(dān)心他不能給你一個(gè)明確的答復(fù)。)
3) I am afraid that I have made a mistake.(我擔(dān)心自己犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。)
4) We are confident that we can overcome all the difficulties.?。ㄎ覀兿嘈抛约耗芸朔械睦щy。)
對(duì)“be + 形容詞 + that引起的從句”這類結(jié)構(gòu),語(yǔ)法家們有的認(rèn)為that從句做賓語(yǔ)用,有的認(rèn)為that從句做狀語(yǔ)用。根據(jù)句子的邏輯意義來(lái)判斷也許比較方便一些。如:I'm sorry that you failed the exam again. 這個(gè)句子中的that從句起狀語(yǔ)作用,相當(dāng)于“…because you failed the exam again.”
6. The Atlantic Ocean is only half as big as the Pacific,…
在第一單元中我們討論過(guò)副詞的同等比較。本句中as big as 則是形容詞的同等比較。在這類句子中,可以有表示程度的狀語(yǔ)。例如:
1) This book is not half as interesting as that one.(這本書還不如那本書一半有趣。)
2) My monthly income is only half as much as his.(我的月收入只有他的一半多。)
3) This year our university will enroll three times as many students as it did the year before last.
(我們學(xué)校今年的招生人數(shù)將是前年的三倍。)
請(qǐng)翻譯下面的句子:
1) 我的英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)還不及你的一半流利。(My spoken English is not half as fluent as yours.)
2) 這只手提箱還沒(méi)有那只手提箱一半重。(This suitcase is not half as heavy as that one.)
3) 這個(gè)房間是那個(gè)房間的兩倍。(This room is twice as large as that one.)
7. But suppose no more rain fell into it and no more water was brought to it by rivers.
suppose 常常做動(dòng)詞用,意思是“假定;猜想;認(rèn)為”。例如:
1) Let's suppose it to be true.(讓我們假定這是真的。)
2) I suppose he is very nervous.(我猜想他很緊張。)
3) I supposed him to be an honest man, but he often tells lies.?。ㄎ乙詾樗苷\(chéng)實(shí),他卻經(jīng)常說(shuō)謊。)
在本句中suppose(也可以用supposing)是一個(gè)連詞,意思是“假設(shè)(= if);假使…結(jié)果會(huì)怎么樣”。例如:
1) Suppose he is ill, what shall we do?(假如他病了,我們?cè)趺崔k?)
2) Suppose a tiger should come out of the cage??。ㄈ绻恢焕匣幕\子中跑出來(lái)怎么辦?)
3) Suppose something should go wrong?(如果出了什么問(wèn)題會(huì)怎么樣?)
8. It would take the ocean about 4000 years to dry up.
it takes (sb.) some time to do sth. 是很常用的一個(gè)句型。例如:
1) 我騎自行車到學(xué)校要花半小時(shí)。(It takes me half an hour to get to school by bike.)
2) 他花了兩個(gè)星期時(shí)間才看完那本書。(It took him two weeks to finish reading that book.)
請(qǐng)翻譯下面的句子:
1) It took the boy three hours to finish his homework.(那個(gè)男孩花了3小時(shí)才寫完作業(yè)。)
2) It takes less than 4 hours to get to Shanghai by train from Nanjing.(從南京乘火車到上海只要不到4小時(shí)。)
3) 他花了4天時(shí)間才走出密林。(It took him 4 days to go out of the forest.)
4) 照顧一個(gè)生病的老人要花許多時(shí)間。(It will take a great deal of time to look after a sick old man.
9. On the average the water is a little more than two miles deep, but in places it is much deeper.
on the average在句子中的意思是“平均而言”。例如:
1) On the average, they drove 70 miles an hour.(他們平均每小時(shí)行駛70英里。)
2) On the average, they spend 20 yuan on food every day.(他們平均每天花20塊錢吃飯。)
a little 在句子中修飾more,表示程度,意思是“一點(diǎn)兒,稍許”。much在句子中修飾deeper,也表示程度,加強(qiáng)形容詞比較級(jí),意思是“…多”。例如:
1) I feel a little cold.(我覺(jué)得有點(diǎn)冷。)
2) He spent a little more than 20 yuan yesterday.(昨天他花了20塊多一點(diǎn)兒。)
3) I feel much better now.(我現(xiàn)在感覺(jué)好多了。)
4) She is much more careful this time.(她這細(xì)心多了。)
請(qǐng)翻譯下面的句子:
1) 干了一天的工作,我覺(jué)得有點(diǎn)累。(I feel a little tired after a day's work.)
2) 她對(duì)她的同學(xué)有點(diǎn)不友好。(She is a little unfriendly to her classmates.)
3) 聽了那個(gè)消息他開心多了。(He was much happier after hearing that news.)
10. This “deep” measures 30,246 feet——almost 6 miles (9.6km)。
本句中的deep做名詞用,意思是“深處”,“海淵”(水深超過(guò)3000英里)。
measure 在句子中做動(dòng)詞用,意思是“測(cè)量”,“有…深”。例如:
1) This room measures 10 metres across.(這個(gè)房間寬10米。)
2) The bridge measures 17 kilometres long.(這座橋長(zhǎng)17公里。)
3) The water tank only measures 2 metres deep.(這只水箱只有2米深。)