LESSON 2
Subject-Verb Agreement （II）
1.帶確定數(shù)量詞的名詞詞組做主語時的主謂一致
1）當(dāng)主語是表示數(shù)目、時間、重量、距離等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞時，如果該名詞所表示的數(shù)量看作一個整體，其后的動詞用單數(shù)。
Ten seconds of silence appears very awkward on television.
A thousand dollars a month is more than I can afford.
Four years I too long for me to wait.
Sixty miles is a short run in a car.
2） 當(dāng)主語是表示數(shù)目、時間、重量、距離等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞時，如該名詞所表示的數(shù)量看作單個個體，其后的動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
The past three weeks were the hardest time in his life.
Hundreds of buildings were put up in the city last year.
Five kilos of apples are placed into the basket.
3） 當(dāng)主語為“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞”時，其后的動詞形式依照of后名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式來定。
Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.
Three-fourths of the people do not agree with the president.
One-fourth of the region is underdeveloped.
Thirty percent of the oil in that country is imported.
Ten percent of the eggs have gone bad.
Fifty percent of the land in that region has been used to build factories.
4）當(dāng)主語為sheep， fish， deer， aircraft， means， steelworks 等單數(shù)與復(fù)數(shù)同形的詞時，動詞的形式以名詞單、復(fù)數(shù)意義為準(zhǔn)。
An American aircraft was brought down by the anti-aircraft fire.
Three aircraft are reported missing.
Various means have been tried to solve the problem.
Two steelworks were built ten years ago.
Ten fish have been caught today.
One sheep was killed by a wolf.
2.all的主謂一致
1） 代詞all表示可數(shù)的人或物時，其后的動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
All were hungry and desperate for food.
All who have seen the film love it.
All of them enjoyed themselves at the party.
2） 代詞all表示不可數(shù)的名詞時，其后的動詞用單數(shù)。
All is going well.
All is quite in the middle of the night.
All you have to do now is wait.
All that glitters is not gold.
All of his money is gone.
3） 形容詞 all+可數(shù)名詞時，其后的動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
All roads lead to Rome.
All the people taking part in the race were over 60 years old.
All things are difficult when we begin to do them.
4） 形容詞all+不可數(shù)名詞時，其后的動詞用單數(shù)形式。
All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
Not all food is good to eat.
Translate the following into English
1.use the verb + noun or adj. + noun collocation
實現(xiàn)目標(biāo) to achieve goals 崇拜英雄 to worship heroes and heroines
崇拜金錢 to worship money 受到賞識 to gain recognition
獲得自信 to gain self-confidence 保持沉默 to keep silence
打破沉默 to break the silence 推卸責(zé)任 to shake of responsibility
引起注意 to attract attention 分清敵友 to distinguish between friends and enemies
加快速度 to pick up speed 透露秘密 to disclose a secret
塑造歷史 to shape history 塑造未來 to shape the future
開創(chuàng)生活 to start a new life 緩解貧窮 to ease poverty
取得進(jìn)展 to make advances 現(xiàn)任總統(tǒng) current president
工作重心 the main emphasis of the work 新穎觀點 original ideas
真誠愿望 sincere wishes
2.use the “useful expressions”
1）去鄭州的路上，我們經(jīng)過一個被洪水沖毀的村莊。
On our way to Zhengzhou， we passed through a village which had been destroyed by the flood.
2）那次不尋常的經(jīng)歷使鮑勃變成一個耐心、寬容的人。
That unusual experience has turned Bob into a patient and tolerant person.
3）那人的頭發(fā)染成了艷綠色，看上去象個小丑。
With his hair dyed bright green， that person looks like a clown.
4）他們總是對照專業(yè)人員的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來審視自己的工作。
They are always measuring their own work against the standard set for the professionals'work.
5）便衣警察在黑暗里等著盜賊出現(xiàn)。
Plainclothes policemen were waiting in the dark for the burglars to show up.
6）瓊絲太太的善良使男孩心里充滿了希望和感激。
The kindness of Mrs. Jones filled the boy with hope and gratitude.
7）那些超級明星的私生活經(jīng)常受到小報的評論。
The private lives of those superstars are often commented on by tabloids.
8）這個女孩子有非凡的毅力使她不同于她的同班同學(xué)。
This girl is distinguished from her classmates for her uncommon willpower.
9）日落時分，強勁的冷風(fēng)由東南風(fēng)轉(zhuǎn)為西北風(fēng)。
At sundown， the strong cold wind has shifted from the southeast to the northwest.
10）額的獎學(xué)金頒給了一位物理研究生。
The highest scholarship went to a postgraduate majoring in physics.
11）安徒生的童話以寓意深刻著稱。
Anderson's fairy tales are known for their profound morals.
12）許多人開始意識到在公共場所使用蜂窩電話的負(fù)作用。
Many people have come to realize the side-effect from the use of cellular phones in public.
3.use make， recognize and define.
1）國際社會公認(rèn)中華人民共和國代表全中國。
As universally recognized by the international community， the People's Republic of China stands for the whole China.
2）小時侯她的父母就教育他要準(zhǔn)備為了國家的利益作出自我犧牲。
When she was a child， her parents taught her to be prepared for making self-sacrifice for the benefit of the motherland.
3）我們一眼就認(rèn)出舞臺上的那個羅密歐是我們的英國老師。
We immediately recognize our English teacher who was then playing the role of Romeo on the stage.
4）英國人的矜持使他們顯得傲氣。
The reserved manner of the British people makes them appear arrogant.
5）不同的民族對人權(quán)的定義有很大的不同。
Different people define human rights in very different ways.
6）我的朋友喬治因其新穎觀點而倍加贊賞，他的成功使得我的努力顯得微不足道。
My friend George was highly praised for his original ideas， and his achievement made my efforts appear insignificant.
7）林先生，請您明確描述您組織的宗旨好么？
Mr. Liu， will you please clearly define the purposes of your organization？
8）我們對他人的同情心以及我們對學(xué)習(xí)的熱忱使我們的生命更有意義。
Our compassion for others and our passion to study make our lives more meaningful.
9）我妹妹是流行音樂迷，可是她居然沒有聽出我剛才哼的歌曲。
My sister is pop music fan， and yet she didn't actually recognized the song that I hummed just now.
10）按照定義，文化偶像一般指的是被媒體大加炒作的的電視人、時裝模特、職業(yè)運動員、電影明星等人。
By definition， cultural icons are generally those famous television personalities， fashion models， professional athletes and movie stars who are most highly publicized by the media.
Translate the following sentences into English.
1）學(xué)生們沒有一個人愿意本周末去郊游。
None oof the students are willing to go for an outing this weekend.
2）所有到場觀看足球賽的人都非常激動。
All the people who came to watch the football game were very excited.
3）有1/4 的房屋沒被利用起來。
One-fourth of the houses are yet to be used.
4）他們25%的工資被用來購買食物和衣服。
Twenty-five percent of their salaries is used to buy food and clothing.
5）五公斤的熱帶水果如香蕉、剝落等在我們這里值很多錢。
Five kilos of tropical fruit such as bananas and pineapple costs a lot here.
6）過去的10周是我迄今為止最幸福的10周。
The past ten weeks were the happiest weeks so far.
7）他所說的一切都無法讓人相信。
All that he said is hard to believe.
8）只有20%的申請人得到了面試的機會。
Only twenty percent of the applicants get the chance to be interviewed.
Subject-Verb Agreement （II）
1.帶確定數(shù)量詞的名詞詞組做主語時的主謂一致
1）當(dāng)主語是表示數(shù)目、時間、重量、距離等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞時，如果該名詞所表示的數(shù)量看作一個整體，其后的動詞用單數(shù)。
Ten seconds of silence appears very awkward on television.
A thousand dollars a month is more than I can afford.
Four years I too long for me to wait.
Sixty miles is a short run in a car.
2） 當(dāng)主語是表示數(shù)目、時間、重量、距離等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞時，如該名詞所表示的數(shù)量看作單個個體，其后的動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
The past three weeks were the hardest time in his life.
Hundreds of buildings were put up in the city last year.
Five kilos of apples are placed into the basket.
3） 當(dāng)主語為“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞”時，其后的動詞形式依照of后名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式來定。
Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.
Three-fourths of the people do not agree with the president.
One-fourth of the region is underdeveloped.
Thirty percent of the oil in that country is imported.
Ten percent of the eggs have gone bad.
Fifty percent of the land in that region has been used to build factories.
4）當(dāng)主語為sheep， fish， deer， aircraft， means， steelworks 等單數(shù)與復(fù)數(shù)同形的詞時，動詞的形式以名詞單、復(fù)數(shù)意義為準(zhǔn)。
An American aircraft was brought down by the anti-aircraft fire.
Three aircraft are reported missing.
Various means have been tried to solve the problem.
Two steelworks were built ten years ago.
Ten fish have been caught today.
One sheep was killed by a wolf.
2.all的主謂一致
1） 代詞all表示可數(shù)的人或物時，其后的動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
All were hungry and desperate for food.
All who have seen the film love it.
All of them enjoyed themselves at the party.
2） 代詞all表示不可數(shù)的名詞時，其后的動詞用單數(shù)。
All is going well.
All is quite in the middle of the night.
All you have to do now is wait.
All that glitters is not gold.
All of his money is gone.
3） 形容詞 all+可數(shù)名詞時，其后的動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
All roads lead to Rome.
All the people taking part in the race were over 60 years old.
All things are difficult when we begin to do them.
4） 形容詞all+不可數(shù)名詞時，其后的動詞用單數(shù)形式。
All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
Not all food is good to eat.
Translate the following into English
1.use the verb + noun or adj. + noun collocation
實現(xiàn)目標(biāo) to achieve goals 崇拜英雄 to worship heroes and heroines
崇拜金錢 to worship money 受到賞識 to gain recognition
獲得自信 to gain self-confidence 保持沉默 to keep silence
打破沉默 to break the silence 推卸責(zé)任 to shake of responsibility
引起注意 to attract attention 分清敵友 to distinguish between friends and enemies
加快速度 to pick up speed 透露秘密 to disclose a secret
塑造歷史 to shape history 塑造未來 to shape the future
開創(chuàng)生活 to start a new life 緩解貧窮 to ease poverty
取得進(jìn)展 to make advances 現(xiàn)任總統(tǒng) current president
工作重心 the main emphasis of the work 新穎觀點 original ideas
真誠愿望 sincere wishes
2.use the “useful expressions”
1）去鄭州的路上，我們經(jīng)過一個被洪水沖毀的村莊。
On our way to Zhengzhou， we passed through a village which had been destroyed by the flood.
2）那次不尋常的經(jīng)歷使鮑勃變成一個耐心、寬容的人。
That unusual experience has turned Bob into a patient and tolerant person.
3）那人的頭發(fā)染成了艷綠色，看上去象個小丑。
With his hair dyed bright green， that person looks like a clown.
4）他們總是對照專業(yè)人員的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來審視自己的工作。
They are always measuring their own work against the standard set for the professionals'work.
5）便衣警察在黑暗里等著盜賊出現(xiàn)。
Plainclothes policemen were waiting in the dark for the burglars to show up.
6）瓊絲太太的善良使男孩心里充滿了希望和感激。
The kindness of Mrs. Jones filled the boy with hope and gratitude.
7）那些超級明星的私生活經(jīng)常受到小報的評論。
The private lives of those superstars are often commented on by tabloids.
8）這個女孩子有非凡的毅力使她不同于她的同班同學(xué)。
This girl is distinguished from her classmates for her uncommon willpower.
9）日落時分，強勁的冷風(fēng)由東南風(fēng)轉(zhuǎn)為西北風(fēng)。
At sundown， the strong cold wind has shifted from the southeast to the northwest.
10）額的獎學(xué)金頒給了一位物理研究生。
The highest scholarship went to a postgraduate majoring in physics.
11）安徒生的童話以寓意深刻著稱。
Anderson's fairy tales are known for their profound morals.
12）許多人開始意識到在公共場所使用蜂窩電話的負(fù)作用。
Many people have come to realize the side-effect from the use of cellular phones in public.
3.use make， recognize and define.
1）國際社會公認(rèn)中華人民共和國代表全中國。
As universally recognized by the international community， the People's Republic of China stands for the whole China.
2）小時侯她的父母就教育他要準(zhǔn)備為了國家的利益作出自我犧牲。
When she was a child， her parents taught her to be prepared for making self-sacrifice for the benefit of the motherland.
3）我們一眼就認(rèn)出舞臺上的那個羅密歐是我們的英國老師。
We immediately recognize our English teacher who was then playing the role of Romeo on the stage.
4）英國人的矜持使他們顯得傲氣。
The reserved manner of the British people makes them appear arrogant.
5）不同的民族對人權(quán)的定義有很大的不同。
Different people define human rights in very different ways.
6）我的朋友喬治因其新穎觀點而倍加贊賞，他的成功使得我的努力顯得微不足道。
My friend George was highly praised for his original ideas， and his achievement made my efforts appear insignificant.
7）林先生，請您明確描述您組織的宗旨好么？
Mr. Liu， will you please clearly define the purposes of your organization？
8）我們對他人的同情心以及我們對學(xué)習(xí)的熱忱使我們的生命更有意義。
Our compassion for others and our passion to study make our lives more meaningful.
9）我妹妹是流行音樂迷，可是她居然沒有聽出我剛才哼的歌曲。
My sister is pop music fan， and yet she didn't actually recognized the song that I hummed just now.
10）按照定義，文化偶像一般指的是被媒體大加炒作的的電視人、時裝模特、職業(yè)運動員、電影明星等人。
By definition， cultural icons are generally those famous television personalities， fashion models， professional athletes and movie stars who are most highly publicized by the media.
Translate the following sentences into English.
1）學(xué)生們沒有一個人愿意本周末去郊游。
None oof the students are willing to go for an outing this weekend.
2）所有到場觀看足球賽的人都非常激動。
All the people who came to watch the football game were very excited.
3）有1/4 的房屋沒被利用起來。
One-fourth of the houses are yet to be used.
4）他們25%的工資被用來購買食物和衣服。
Twenty-five percent of their salaries is used to buy food and clothing.
5）五公斤的熱帶水果如香蕉、剝落等在我們這里值很多錢。
Five kilos of tropical fruit such as bananas and pineapple costs a lot here.
6）過去的10周是我迄今為止最幸福的10周。
The past ten weeks were the happiest weeks so far.
7）他所說的一切都無法讓人相信。
All that he said is hard to believe.
8）只有20%的申請人得到了面試的機會。
Only twenty percent of the applicants get the chance to be interviewed.