1. ……and found Trevor sitting by himself in the smoking room drinking.
sitting現(xiàn)在分詞，作賓語補足語
Smoking room：（俱樂部內(nèi)）為吸煙的成員所設(shè)飲酒、談話的場所。
eg： 此處drinking是現(xiàn)在分詞，作狀語表示伴隨，修飾sitting……。在英語里drink后面如果不跟任何表示飼料的名詞，則表示飲酒，試比 較下列例句drink的意思：
eg： ——Would you like some sherry？ 您想喝點雪利酒嗎？
eg： ——No thanks. I don''t drink. 謝謝，我不喝酒。
eg： Xiao Han neither smokes nor drinks. 小韓既不抽煙，也不喝酒。
eg： He drinks too much. 他飲酒太多。
eg： He was so thirsty that he drank two bottles of mineral water. 他太渴了，喝了兩瓶礦泉水。
2.“Well ， Alan， did you finish the picture all right？” “艾倫，你的畫畫完了嗎？”
all right： in a satisfactory manner； satisfactorily（副詞）以滿意的方式；（形容詞）令人滿意的
eg： Are you getting along all right with your college friends？你和大學里的朋友關(guān)系還行嗎？
eg：I think her performance is quite all right.我覺得她的表演相當令人滿意。
All right在不同的場合用不同的語調(diào)表達不同的意思，學生要根據(jù)上下文確定其意思。
3.“I shall .probably find him waitingfor me when I go home， but， of course， you are only joking.”我回到家沒準會看到他 在等我呢。不過，你只不過是開玩笑罷了。（休吉責備特里沃不應(yīng)該把住址告訴乞丐，怕乞丐到他家里去找他，繼而他覺得他的朋 友不可能 把自己的地址告訴那乞丐。）
shall情態(tài)動詞，表示“可能”
eg：If you shall meet him， please let him know I want him. 萬一你見到他，告訴他，我有事找他。
waiting現(xiàn)在分詞，作賓語補足語
4. Poor old fellow！ I wish I could do something for him. 哎，那老頭真可憐，我真希望我能幫幫他。（ 休吉的確有一副好心腸， 他不再追問朋友是否真的把他的一切告訴了那乞丐，卻立刻想起了那老頭如何可憐。）
wish：虛擬語氣，表示愿望eg： I wish I had a million yuan. 我要是有一百萬就好了。
eg： I wish I could fly. 我要是會飛就好了。
eg： He wished he had passed all the exams. 他要是通過了所有的考試該有多好啊。
5.I think it terrible that any one should be so miserable. 一個人居然會那么悲慘真是太不幸了。
should表示“可能會”“居然”“竟然”eg： It is strange/a pity/odd……that ……should……
eg： It is strange that he should know the answer. 真奇怪，他竟然知道答案。
eg： It is a pity that he should fail the exam. 真遺憾，他竟沒有通過考試。
6.“I have got heaps of old clothes at home-do you think he would care for any of them？ Why， his rags were falling to bits.” ……I have got a lot of old clothes at home-do you think he would like to have any of them？ Well， his clothes were almost rags. 我家里有很多舊衣服，你認為他會喜歡嗎？唉，他的衣服已經(jīng)破得不成樣了。
heap of： （informal） a large quantity of（非正式）大量的，許多
heaps of time/trouble/experience無數(shù)時間/麻煩/經(jīng)歷
would（用于句首，比較委婉說法） Would you （like to） do……
fall： being to be sth.（系動詞）開始變成……
eg： fall asleep睡著 fall ill 生病 fall silent靜了下來 fall victim成了受害者
to bits： into small pieces成了碎片
eg： She tore the letter to bits without even reading it. 那封信她沒有看就撕成了碎片。
eg： The ancient book fell to bits as soon as it was taken out of the grave. 那部古書
7.“But he looks splendid in them，” said Trevor. “不過他穿著那身衣服看起來棒極了，”特里沃說。
In： 穿著The girl in red is Mary.穿紅色衣服的那個女孩是瑪麗。
8.I should never want to paint him in a frock coat for anything 他要是身著長禮服，我說什么也不會畫他。
not/never……for anything：（口語）決不，肯定不
eg： The old man wouldn''t leave his home village for anything.
那老人死活也不肯離開自己的家鄉(xiāng)?！ ?BR> eg： This time I wouldn’t give in for anything.
這回我決不妥協(xié)。
eg： The man said that he would never sell that Rembrandt painting for anything.
那人說他決不會賣掉那幅倫勃朗的作品
eg： He says he will never give up smoking for anything. 他說他決不會戒煙。
此處should表示certainty，肯定。
9.“……you painters are a heartless lot ” 你們畫家真是一幫鐵石心腸的人?！瓂ou painters are a group of people who have no sympathy for others/the poor.
heartless unkind， without pity鐵石心腸的
lot：（口語）一群具有相同特征的人
eg： The Grounds were a handsome lot. 格朗德一家人長得都很帥。
eg： Luckily for me ，Mother and Father held out against the lot of them.
父親和母親沒有聽從這幫人的勸告，這對我來說是十分幸運的。
10.“An artist''s heart is his head，” replied Trevor； “and besides， our business is to show the world as we see it， not to make it better……”—— “An artist is guided by his judgement not by his emotions，” said Trevor； “and besides， our work is to present the world honestly， not to improve it……” 藝術(shù)家的心腸是他的頭腦。（藝術(shù)家受理智而不受感情的支配。 heart代表感情，head代表理智。）我們的任務(wù)是反映客觀世界，而不是美化世界。（這幾句話都反映了王爾德的藝術(shù)觀點。）
business：事情，事
It''s none of your business.這不關(guān)你的 Mind your own business.少管閑事。
Let''s come down to business.我們言歸正傳吧。
11.You don''t mean to say you talked to him about her？
你不會真的跟他談起了勞拉吧？
用陳述句的語序加問號構(gòu)成的一般疑問句用升調(diào)，表示問話的人想對方確認他的話
eg： You are a writer？
你是個作家吧？（問話人認為對方是作家，想得到確認。）
eg： You are not going to Dalian with the rest of you family？
你不和家里的人一起去大連吧？
mean to say： admit readily愿意承認（一般用于疑問句）
eg： You don''t mean to say I am unfair？你是說我不公平嗎？
eg： Do you mean to say you''ve given up your job？
你真的是放棄了你的那份工作？
eg： You don''t mean to say you hit her？
你當真打了她？
12. That old beggar， as you call him is one of the richest men in Europe.
你稱為老乞丐的那個人是歐洲的大富翁。
as you call him： 插入主句中的定語從句，as是關(guān)系代詞，代表old beggar，在從句中作賓語him的補足語。as作關(guān)系代詞往往表示整個主句。
eg：The situation in the country， as the president has pointed out， is improving.
正如總統(tǒng)所指出的那樣，這個國家的形勢一天天好起來。
eg：The earth， as we all know， moves around the sun.
正如我們知道的那樣，地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。
eg：The environmental problems， as our government has promised， have been improved a lot.
正如政府所許諾的那樣，環(huán)境問題有了很大的改善。
13.What on earth do you mean？
你到底是什么意思？
how/why/where/who， etc+ on earth/in the world表示強調(diào)/加強語氣
eg： What on earth are you doing？
你到底在干什么？
eg：How on earth did she manage that？
她究竟是怎么把事情辦成的？
eg：Where in the world have you been？
你到底跑到哪里去了？
14.He is a great friend of mine， buys all my pictures and that sort of thing
他是我的好朋友，買我所有的作品等等。
that sort/kind of thing：類似的其他事情
eg：In the summer camp， the children go swimming ，play games， that sort of thing.
孩子們在夏令營游泳、玩游戲等。
eg：Participants in the short-term course attend lectures， have discussions， that sort of thing.
短訓班的學員聽課、討論以及進行其他類似的活動。
15……gave me a commission a month ago to paint him as a beggar. 一個月之前他給了我一筆傭金，叫我把他畫成個乞丐。—— ……a month ago he told me to paint a picture of him as a beggar.
commission： a formal request to sb. to design or make a piece of work such as a building or a painting 傭金
16. It is the whimof a millionaire. You know these rich men.—— Millionaires often suddenly want to do such unusual things. 這當然是百萬富翁一時心血來潮的怪念頭，你知道這幫闊老爺是會做這種事的。
whim： a sudden feeling that you would like to do or have esp.
eg ： When there is on particularly important and good reason.
心血來潮
eg ： We decided， on a whim， to fly to Hainan.
我們一時心血來潮決定乘飛機去海南。
eg ： Lately， the president has been firing and picking new ministers at whim.
近，總統(tǒng)總是憑一時心血來潮任免部長。
17. …h(huán)e sank in an arm-chair the picture of dismay.
他跌坐進一把扶手椅，一幅驚恐的模樣。
the picture of dismay在句中作主語he的補足語。
the picture of一幅……樣子/模樣
the picture of health/ innocence/ despair， etc.： look very healthy， etc.看起來很健康/無辜/絕望等
eg ： Wearing rags and holding out his hat for money， the old model was the picture of misery.
身著破衣爛衫，伸出帽子討錢，這老模特的模樣十分悲慘。
eg ： With flowers in his hands and dozens of former students around him， the old man is the very picture of happiness and content. 手捧鮮花，被幾十個以前教過的學生簇擁著，那位老人簡直是幸福和滿足的化身。
sitting現(xiàn)在分詞，作賓語補足語
Smoking room：（俱樂部內(nèi)）為吸煙的成員所設(shè)飲酒、談話的場所。
eg： 此處drinking是現(xiàn)在分詞，作狀語表示伴隨，修飾sitting……。在英語里drink后面如果不跟任何表示飼料的名詞，則表示飲酒，試比 較下列例句drink的意思：
eg： ——Would you like some sherry？ 您想喝點雪利酒嗎？
eg： ——No thanks. I don''t drink. 謝謝，我不喝酒。
eg： Xiao Han neither smokes nor drinks. 小韓既不抽煙，也不喝酒。
eg： He drinks too much. 他飲酒太多。
eg： He was so thirsty that he drank two bottles of mineral water. 他太渴了，喝了兩瓶礦泉水。
2.“Well ， Alan， did you finish the picture all right？” “艾倫，你的畫畫完了嗎？”
all right： in a satisfactory manner； satisfactorily（副詞）以滿意的方式；（形容詞）令人滿意的
eg： Are you getting along all right with your college friends？你和大學里的朋友關(guān)系還行嗎？
eg：I think her performance is quite all right.我覺得她的表演相當令人滿意。
All right在不同的場合用不同的語調(diào)表達不同的意思，學生要根據(jù)上下文確定其意思。
3.“I shall .probably find him waitingfor me when I go home， but， of course， you are only joking.”我回到家沒準會看到他 在等我呢。不過，你只不過是開玩笑罷了。（休吉責備特里沃不應(yīng)該把住址告訴乞丐，怕乞丐到他家里去找他，繼而他覺得他的朋 友不可能 把自己的地址告訴那乞丐。）
shall情態(tài)動詞，表示“可能”
eg：If you shall meet him， please let him know I want him. 萬一你見到他，告訴他，我有事找他。
waiting現(xiàn)在分詞，作賓語補足語
4. Poor old fellow！ I wish I could do something for him. 哎，那老頭真可憐，我真希望我能幫幫他。（ 休吉的確有一副好心腸， 他不再追問朋友是否真的把他的一切告訴了那乞丐，卻立刻想起了那老頭如何可憐。）
wish：虛擬語氣，表示愿望eg： I wish I had a million yuan. 我要是有一百萬就好了。
eg： I wish I could fly. 我要是會飛就好了。
eg： He wished he had passed all the exams. 他要是通過了所有的考試該有多好啊。
5.I think it terrible that any one should be so miserable. 一個人居然會那么悲慘真是太不幸了。
should表示“可能會”“居然”“竟然”eg： It is strange/a pity/odd……that ……should……
eg： It is strange that he should know the answer. 真奇怪，他竟然知道答案。
eg： It is a pity that he should fail the exam. 真遺憾，他竟沒有通過考試。
6.“I have got heaps of old clothes at home-do you think he would care for any of them？ Why， his rags were falling to bits.” ……I have got a lot of old clothes at home-do you think he would like to have any of them？ Well， his clothes were almost rags. 我家里有很多舊衣服，你認為他會喜歡嗎？唉，他的衣服已經(jīng)破得不成樣了。
heap of： （informal） a large quantity of（非正式）大量的，許多
heaps of time/trouble/experience無數(shù)時間/麻煩/經(jīng)歷
would（用于句首，比較委婉說法） Would you （like to） do……
fall： being to be sth.（系動詞）開始變成……
eg： fall asleep睡著 fall ill 生病 fall silent靜了下來 fall victim成了受害者
to bits： into small pieces成了碎片
eg： She tore the letter to bits without even reading it. 那封信她沒有看就撕成了碎片。
eg： The ancient book fell to bits as soon as it was taken out of the grave. 那部古書
7.“But he looks splendid in them，” said Trevor. “不過他穿著那身衣服看起來棒極了，”特里沃說。
In： 穿著The girl in red is Mary.穿紅色衣服的那個女孩是瑪麗。
8.I should never want to paint him in a frock coat for anything 他要是身著長禮服，我說什么也不會畫他。
not/never……for anything：（口語）決不，肯定不
eg： The old man wouldn''t leave his home village for anything.
那老人死活也不肯離開自己的家鄉(xiāng)?！ ?BR> eg： This time I wouldn’t give in for anything.
這回我決不妥協(xié)。
eg： The man said that he would never sell that Rembrandt painting for anything.
那人說他決不會賣掉那幅倫勃朗的作品
eg： He says he will never give up smoking for anything. 他說他決不會戒煙。
此處should表示certainty，肯定。
9.“……you painters are a heartless lot ” 你們畫家真是一幫鐵石心腸的人?！瓂ou painters are a group of people who have no sympathy for others/the poor.
heartless unkind， without pity鐵石心腸的
lot：（口語）一群具有相同特征的人
eg： The Grounds were a handsome lot. 格朗德一家人長得都很帥。
eg： Luckily for me ，Mother and Father held out against the lot of them.
父親和母親沒有聽從這幫人的勸告，這對我來說是十分幸運的。
10.“An artist''s heart is his head，” replied Trevor； “and besides， our business is to show the world as we see it， not to make it better……”—— “An artist is guided by his judgement not by his emotions，” said Trevor； “and besides， our work is to present the world honestly， not to improve it……” 藝術(shù)家的心腸是他的頭腦。（藝術(shù)家受理智而不受感情的支配。 heart代表感情，head代表理智。）我們的任務(wù)是反映客觀世界，而不是美化世界。（這幾句話都反映了王爾德的藝術(shù)觀點。）
business：事情，事
It''s none of your business.這不關(guān)你的 Mind your own business.少管閑事。
Let''s come down to business.我們言歸正傳吧。
11.You don''t mean to say you talked to him about her？
你不會真的跟他談起了勞拉吧？
用陳述句的語序加問號構(gòu)成的一般疑問句用升調(diào)，表示問話的人想對方確認他的話
eg： You are a writer？
你是個作家吧？（問話人認為對方是作家，想得到確認。）
eg： You are not going to Dalian with the rest of you family？
你不和家里的人一起去大連吧？
mean to say： admit readily愿意承認（一般用于疑問句）
eg： You don''t mean to say I am unfair？你是說我不公平嗎？
eg： Do you mean to say you''ve given up your job？
你真的是放棄了你的那份工作？
eg： You don''t mean to say you hit her？
你當真打了她？
12. That old beggar， as you call him is one of the richest men in Europe.
你稱為老乞丐的那個人是歐洲的大富翁。
as you call him： 插入主句中的定語從句，as是關(guān)系代詞，代表old beggar，在從句中作賓語him的補足語。as作關(guān)系代詞往往表示整個主句。
eg：The situation in the country， as the president has pointed out， is improving.
正如總統(tǒng)所指出的那樣，這個國家的形勢一天天好起來。
eg：The earth， as we all know， moves around the sun.
正如我們知道的那樣，地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。
eg：The environmental problems， as our government has promised， have been improved a lot.
正如政府所許諾的那樣，環(huán)境問題有了很大的改善。
13.What on earth do you mean？
你到底是什么意思？
how/why/where/who， etc+ on earth/in the world表示強調(diào)/加強語氣
eg： What on earth are you doing？
你到底在干什么？
eg：How on earth did she manage that？
她究竟是怎么把事情辦成的？
eg：Where in the world have you been？
你到底跑到哪里去了？
14.He is a great friend of mine， buys all my pictures and that sort of thing
他是我的好朋友，買我所有的作品等等。
that sort/kind of thing：類似的其他事情
eg：In the summer camp， the children go swimming ，play games， that sort of thing.
孩子們在夏令營游泳、玩游戲等。
eg：Participants in the short-term course attend lectures， have discussions， that sort of thing.
短訓班的學員聽課、討論以及進行其他類似的活動。
15……gave me a commission a month ago to paint him as a beggar. 一個月之前他給了我一筆傭金，叫我把他畫成個乞丐。—— ……a month ago he told me to paint a picture of him as a beggar.
commission： a formal request to sb. to design or make a piece of work such as a building or a painting 傭金
16. It is the whimof a millionaire. You know these rich men.—— Millionaires often suddenly want to do such unusual things. 這當然是百萬富翁一時心血來潮的怪念頭，你知道這幫闊老爺是會做這種事的。
whim： a sudden feeling that you would like to do or have esp.
eg ： When there is on particularly important and good reason.
心血來潮
eg ： We decided， on a whim， to fly to Hainan.
我們一時心血來潮決定乘飛機去海南。
eg ： Lately， the president has been firing and picking new ministers at whim.
近，總統(tǒng)總是憑一時心血來潮任免部長。
17. …h(huán)e sank in an arm-chair the picture of dismay.
他跌坐進一把扶手椅，一幅驚恐的模樣。
the picture of dismay在句中作主語he的補足語。
the picture of一幅……樣子/模樣
the picture of health/ innocence/ despair， etc.： look very healthy， etc.看起來很健康/無辜/絕望等
eg ： Wearing rags and holding out his hat for money， the old model was the picture of misery.
身著破衣爛衫，伸出帽子討錢，這老模特的模樣十分悲慘。
eg ： With flowers in his hands and dozens of former students around him， the old man is the very picture of happiness and content. 手捧鮮花，被幾十個以前教過的學生簇擁著，那位老人簡直是幸福和滿足的化身。