三。課文詳解：
Fallacies about Food （鏈接，一些食物的畫(huà)面）
Many primitive peoples believed that by eating an animal they could get some of the good qualities of that animal for themselves. ① They thought， for example， that eating deer would make them run as fast as the deer. Some savage tribes believed that eating enemies that had shown bravery in battle would make them brave. Man-eating may have started because people were eager to become as strong and brave as their enemies. ②
Among civilized people it was once thought that ginger root by some magical power could improve the memory. Eggs were thought to make the voice pretty. Tomatoes also were believed to have magical powers. They were called love apples and were supposed to make people who ate them fall in love. ③
Later another wrong idea about tomatoes grew up ④— the idea that they were poisonous. How surprised the people who thought tomatoes poisonous would be if they could know that millions of pounds of tomatoes were supplied to soldiers overseas during World War II.
Even today there are a great many wrong ideas about food. Some of them are very widespread.
One such idea is that fish is the best brain food. Fish is good brain food just as it is good muscle food and skin food and bone food. But no one has been able to prove that fish is any better for the brain than many other kinds of food.
Another such idea is that you should not drink water with meals. Washing food down with water as a substitute for chewing is not a good idea， but some water with meals has been found to be helpful. It makes the digestive juices flow more freely and helps to digest the food.
Many of the ideas which scientists tell us have no foundation have to do with mixtures of foods. ⑤A few years ago the belief became general that orange juice and milk should never be drunk at the same meal. ⑥ The reason given was that the acid in the orange juice would make the milk curdle and become indigestible. As a matter of fact， milk always meets in the stomach a digestive juice which curdles it； the curdling of the milk is the first step in its digestion. A similar wrong idea is that fish and ice cream when eaten at the same meal form a poisonous combination. ⑦
Still another wrong idea about mixing foods is that proteins and carbohydrates should never be eaten at the same meal. Many people think of bread， for example， as a carbohydrate food. It is chiefly a carbohydrate food， but it also contains proteins. In the same way， milk， probably the best single food， contains both proteins and carbohydrates. It is just as foolish to say that one should never eat meat and potatoes together as it is to say that one should never eat bread or drink milk. ⑧（老師停頓）
（以下課文詳解分別與上面劃線部分內(nèi)容相鏈接，注：鏈接序號(hào)前面的句子）
課文詳解：
1.此句是個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句， “ by eating an animal” 是賓語(yǔ)從句中的狀語(yǔ)。people 一般用作集合名詞，后面不加 “-s” 指人、人們，一般與復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞連用。如：The people in the village like the doctor. 村里的人喜歡那位醫(yī)生。此句中 “ peoples” 表示的是種族、民族、是可數(shù)名詞。
2.此句中 “ may have started” 是“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + have done的形式”表示對(duì)過(guò)去或某時(shí)以前發(fā)生的行為的推測(cè)。
例：He may have heard of the name but now he doesn‘t remember it. 他可能聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這個(gè)名字，但現(xiàn)在不記得了。
其他類似用法：
must + have done ； can + have done； should +have done ； ought to + have done ；
3.此句中 be supposed to 表示被看作是…
例： Cats are supposed to have nine lives. 貓被認(rèn)為有九條生命。
4.grow up：興起，逐漸形成
例： New cities grow up into desert.新的城市在沙漠崛起。
5.which … have no foundation 是定語(yǔ)從句。該定語(yǔ)從句中含有插入成分scientists tell us ， 表示信息的來(lái)源。
6.此句中that 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是belief .由于主語(yǔ)太長(zhǎng)，因此把become general 提前。
7.此句中，that fish and ice cream when eaten at the same meal form a poisonous combination 是表語(yǔ)從句，其中when eaten at the same meal 是連接詞when 加上過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 該狀語(yǔ)從句插在了主句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)中間。
8.just as foolish to … as it is to … 引出方式狀語(yǔ)從句，第一個(gè)as 是副詞，第二個(gè)as 是連接詞。
Fallacies about Food （鏈接，一些食物的畫(huà)面）
Many primitive peoples believed that by eating an animal they could get some of the good qualities of that animal for themselves. ① They thought， for example， that eating deer would make them run as fast as the deer. Some savage tribes believed that eating enemies that had shown bravery in battle would make them brave. Man-eating may have started because people were eager to become as strong and brave as their enemies. ②
Among civilized people it was once thought that ginger root by some magical power could improve the memory. Eggs were thought to make the voice pretty. Tomatoes also were believed to have magical powers. They were called love apples and were supposed to make people who ate them fall in love. ③
Later another wrong idea about tomatoes grew up ④— the idea that they were poisonous. How surprised the people who thought tomatoes poisonous would be if they could know that millions of pounds of tomatoes were supplied to soldiers overseas during World War II.
Even today there are a great many wrong ideas about food. Some of them are very widespread.
One such idea is that fish is the best brain food. Fish is good brain food just as it is good muscle food and skin food and bone food. But no one has been able to prove that fish is any better for the brain than many other kinds of food.
Another such idea is that you should not drink water with meals. Washing food down with water as a substitute for chewing is not a good idea， but some water with meals has been found to be helpful. It makes the digestive juices flow more freely and helps to digest the food.
Many of the ideas which scientists tell us have no foundation have to do with mixtures of foods. ⑤A few years ago the belief became general that orange juice and milk should never be drunk at the same meal. ⑥ The reason given was that the acid in the orange juice would make the milk curdle and become indigestible. As a matter of fact， milk always meets in the stomach a digestive juice which curdles it； the curdling of the milk is the first step in its digestion. A similar wrong idea is that fish and ice cream when eaten at the same meal form a poisonous combination. ⑦
Still another wrong idea about mixing foods is that proteins and carbohydrates should never be eaten at the same meal. Many people think of bread， for example， as a carbohydrate food. It is chiefly a carbohydrate food， but it also contains proteins. In the same way， milk， probably the best single food， contains both proteins and carbohydrates. It is just as foolish to say that one should never eat meat and potatoes together as it is to say that one should never eat bread or drink milk. ⑧（老師停頓）
（以下課文詳解分別與上面劃線部分內(nèi)容相鏈接，注：鏈接序號(hào)前面的句子）
課文詳解：
1.此句是個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句， “ by eating an animal” 是賓語(yǔ)從句中的狀語(yǔ)。people 一般用作集合名詞，后面不加 “-s” 指人、人們，一般與復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞連用。如：The people in the village like the doctor. 村里的人喜歡那位醫(yī)生。此句中 “ peoples” 表示的是種族、民族、是可數(shù)名詞。
2.此句中 “ may have started” 是“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + have done的形式”表示對(duì)過(guò)去或某時(shí)以前發(fā)生的行為的推測(cè)。
例：He may have heard of the name but now he doesn‘t remember it. 他可能聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這個(gè)名字，但現(xiàn)在不記得了。
其他類似用法：
must + have done ； can + have done； should +have done ； ought to + have done ；
3.此句中 be supposed to 表示被看作是…
例： Cats are supposed to have nine lives. 貓被認(rèn)為有九條生命。
4.grow up：興起，逐漸形成
例： New cities grow up into desert.新的城市在沙漠崛起。
5.which … have no foundation 是定語(yǔ)從句。該定語(yǔ)從句中含有插入成分scientists tell us ， 表示信息的來(lái)源。
6.此句中that 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是belief .由于主語(yǔ)太長(zhǎng)，因此把become general 提前。
7.此句中，that fish and ice cream when eaten at the same meal form a poisonous combination 是表語(yǔ)從句，其中when eaten at the same meal 是連接詞when 加上過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 該狀語(yǔ)從句插在了主句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)中間。
8.just as foolish to … as it is to … 引出方式狀語(yǔ)從句，第一個(gè)as 是副詞，第二個(gè)as 是連接詞。