在四級考試中,閱讀理解所占比重較大,因此閱讀理解成績的好壞直接影響著整個(gè)考試的成敗。通過對近幾年四級真題的分析,我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn),閱讀理解部分通常有一篇教育題材的文章,可見教育題材越發(fā)受到出題專家的青睞和關(guān)注。教育題材的文章內(nèi)容主要有三類:學(xué)校教育、家庭教育和網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育。無論屬于哪一類教育題材,閱讀的測試主要集中在兩類題型上:推斷(推理)題和細(xì)節(jié)理解題。
1. 推斷(推理)題
教育題材的文章一般以教育學(xué)生和孩子為主,考試題目不會直接給出答案,而是讓考生猜測句子暗含的意思,因此推斷題很常見。閱讀中,切忌不要"只見樹木不見森林",過多地被文字所糾纏。此類題目常見的提問方式如下:The first paragraph indicates that ______. / It can be inferred from the passage that ______. 解答此類題目的關(guān)鍵是從文中找出關(guān)鍵詞。一般情況下,雖然文章沒有直接給出答案,但是答案會隱藏在某句話或某幾個(gè)詞后面,如連詞but, because等或動詞suggest, infer, indicate等。
例如:2007年12月的試題。
The attraction for students might at first seem obvious. Primarily, there’s the convenience promised by courses on the Net: you can do the work, as they say, in your pajamas (睡衣). But figures indicate that the reduced effort results in a reduced commitment to the course. While the dropout rate for all fresh-men at American universities is around 20 percent, the rate for online students is 35 percent. Students themselves seem to understand the weaknesses inherent in the setup. In a survey conducted for eCornell, the DL division of Cornell University, less than a third of the respondents expected the quality of the online course to be as good as the classroom course.
Q: According to the passage, distance learning is basically characterized by ______.
A) a considerable flexibility in its academic requirements
B) the great diversity of students’academic backgrounds
C) a minimum or total absence of face-to-face instruction
D) the casual relationship between students and professors
此段選自一篇網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育題材的文章,主要講網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育的趨勢和特點(diǎn)。本題主要定位在前兩句話,其中關(guān)鍵詞是primarily, 句意是起初網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育對學(xué)生的吸引力似乎是顯而易見的,主要是因?yàn)榫W(wǎng)上提供的課考試&大程很方便:正如他們所說的那樣,你可以穿著睡衣上課。由此推斷網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育的特點(diǎn)是學(xué)生很少或完全不用和老師面對面地交流、學(xué)習(xí)。故選C)。
2. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題
細(xì)節(jié)理解題是四級閱讀理解中常見的考試題型,因此教育題材的閱讀題型也不例外。在回答此類題目時(shí),應(yīng)采用查讀法(Scanning)。這類題目常以以下疑問代詞或疑問副詞提問,如who, what, when, where, why以及how等。這些題目往往不采用文章的原話提問,而是使用同義詞語、同義轉(zhuǎn)述等。因此,在選擇答案前應(yīng)首先看準(zhǔn)題干、看清題目所問;然后,查讀時(shí)注意尋找與題目相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞;后,在充分理解原文和題干的基礎(chǔ)上確定正確答案。
1. 推斷(推理)題
教育題材的文章一般以教育學(xué)生和孩子為主,考試題目不會直接給出答案,而是讓考生猜測句子暗含的意思,因此推斷題很常見。閱讀中,切忌不要"只見樹木不見森林",過多地被文字所糾纏。此類題目常見的提問方式如下:The first paragraph indicates that ______. / It can be inferred from the passage that ______. 解答此類題目的關(guān)鍵是從文中找出關(guān)鍵詞。一般情況下,雖然文章沒有直接給出答案,但是答案會隱藏在某句話或某幾個(gè)詞后面,如連詞but, because等或動詞suggest, infer, indicate等。
例如:2007年12月的試題。
The attraction for students might at first seem obvious. Primarily, there’s the convenience promised by courses on the Net: you can do the work, as they say, in your pajamas (睡衣). But figures indicate that the reduced effort results in a reduced commitment to the course. While the dropout rate for all fresh-men at American universities is around 20 percent, the rate for online students is 35 percent. Students themselves seem to understand the weaknesses inherent in the setup. In a survey conducted for eCornell, the DL division of Cornell University, less than a third of the respondents expected the quality of the online course to be as good as the classroom course.
Q: According to the passage, distance learning is basically characterized by ______.
A) a considerable flexibility in its academic requirements
B) the great diversity of students’academic backgrounds
C) a minimum or total absence of face-to-face instruction
D) the casual relationship between students and professors
此段選自一篇網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育題材的文章,主要講網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育的趨勢和特點(diǎn)。本題主要定位在前兩句話,其中關(guān)鍵詞是primarily, 句意是起初網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育對學(xué)生的吸引力似乎是顯而易見的,主要是因?yàn)榫W(wǎng)上提供的課考試&大程很方便:正如他們所說的那樣,你可以穿著睡衣上課。由此推斷網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育的特點(diǎn)是學(xué)生很少或完全不用和老師面對面地交流、學(xué)習(xí)。故選C)。
2. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題
細(xì)節(jié)理解題是四級閱讀理解中常見的考試題型,因此教育題材的閱讀題型也不例外。在回答此類題目時(shí),應(yīng)采用查讀法(Scanning)。這類題目常以以下疑問代詞或疑問副詞提問,如who, what, when, where, why以及how等。這些題目往往不采用文章的原話提問,而是使用同義詞語、同義轉(zhuǎn)述等。因此,在選擇答案前應(yīng)首先看準(zhǔn)題干、看清題目所問;然后,查讀時(shí)注意尋找與題目相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞;后,在充分理解原文和題干的基礎(chǔ)上確定正確答案。