GMAT語法改錯(cuò)中多出現(xiàn)復(fù)合句，側(cè)重對(duì)句子內(nèi)部邏輯關(guān)系的考查。但對(duì)句子邏輯關(guān)系判斷的前提是保證句子結(jié)構(gòu)準(zhǔn)確無誤。在這一點(diǎn)上與傳統(tǒng)語法改錯(cuò)題類似。我們知道在解題過程中需要先從整體上對(duì)題干進(jìn)行把握，提煉出句子主干，句子結(jié)構(gòu)就是其主干的表現(xiàn)形式，即對(duì)句子邏輯關(guān)系判斷的基礎(chǔ)。合理的句子結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)該具備完整性和通順性。GMAT語法改錯(cuò)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的常見錯(cuò)誤可分為句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整和句子結(jié)構(gòu)混亂兩種。句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整通常表現(xiàn)為缺少主語、謂語或從句；句子結(jié)構(gòu)混亂可以理解為除句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整之外的其他錯(cuò)誤。這兩種錯(cuò)誤有時(shí)會(huì)同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一道題中。
一. The filibuster, a parliamentary device that slows the snail’s pace that prevails even in the best of times in congressional sessions and tests the endurance of everyone associated with it, seems more and more an anachronism in the age of telecommunications.
sessions and tests the endurance of everyone associated with it, seems
sessions and tests the endurance of everyone who is associated with it, seeming to be
sessions, tests the endurance of everyone associated with it, seems
sessions, that tests the endurance of everyone associated with it and seems
sessions, testing the endurance of everyone associated with it and seeming
本題的劃線部分出現(xiàn)在同位語從句中，經(jīng)過分析之后提煉出主語the filibuster，而that引導(dǎo)pace的定語從句，其實(shí)劃線部分對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的理解造成了很大障礙，因?yàn)閠est具有名詞詞性，考生容易誤將sessions和tests看作并列結(jié)構(gòu)。由此可見，劃線部分的處理非常靈活，并不遵循什么規(guī)律，我們?cè)趯?shí)際解題過程中千萬不能被迷惑住了。其實(shí)在本題中test是與prevail相并列的，真正的謂語應(yīng)該是后面的seem一詞。對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析至此，答案應(yīng)該非常明確了，原文使用正確合理，即A答案。而B,D,E三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是缺少謂語動(dòng)詞，導(dǎo)致句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整。我們由本題可以看到句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整一般會(huì)以帶有從句或特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的句子為考查對(duì)象。
二. While some propose to combat widespread illegal copying of computer programs by attempting to change people’s attitudes toward pirating, others by suggesting reducing software prices to decrease the incentive for pirating, and still others by calling for the prosecution of those who copy software illegally.
by suggesting reducing software prices to decrease the incentive for pirating, and still others by calling
by suggesting the reduction of software prices to decrease the incentive for pirating, and still others call
suggest the reduction of software prices for decreasing the incentive for pirating, and still others call
suggest the reduction of software prices to decrease the incentive for pirating, and still others by calling
suggest reducing software prices to decrease the incentive for pirating, and still others are calling.
本題給出的句子比較長(zhǎng)，我們先從整體上去把握句子結(jié)構(gòu)。While 引導(dǎo)狀語從句，劃線部分是others和still others的并列形式 ，劃線部分出現(xiàn)的by是很大的干擾，誤導(dǎo)考生按照“通過”的意思去理解，如果選擇A或B，那么就造成句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整，缺少主句，這樣就在C,D,E之間進(jìn)行比較，D選項(xiàng)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)為while…,…and others, 用and 連接代詞和句子，顯然造成句子結(jié)構(gòu)混亂。句子結(jié)構(gòu)混亂常常導(dǎo)致邏輯不通，而C答案從句子結(jié)構(gòu)上看沒有什么問題，但是用動(dòng)詞表目的應(yīng)該使用動(dòng)詞不定式to do而非for doing，經(jīng)過排除之后答案只剩E。本題除了C是關(guān)于不定式使用問題，其他四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)的。由此可見，考查重點(diǎn)不會(huì)同時(shí)集中在一個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，這也會(huì)在選擇答案時(shí)給我們提示。
一. The filibuster, a parliamentary device that slows the snail’s pace that prevails even in the best of times in congressional sessions and tests the endurance of everyone associated with it, seems more and more an anachronism in the age of telecommunications.
sessions and tests the endurance of everyone associated with it, seems
sessions and tests the endurance of everyone who is associated with it, seeming to be
sessions, tests the endurance of everyone associated with it, seems
sessions, that tests the endurance of everyone associated with it and seems
sessions, testing the endurance of everyone associated with it and seeming
本題的劃線部分出現(xiàn)在同位語從句中，經(jīng)過分析之后提煉出主語the filibuster，而that引導(dǎo)pace的定語從句，其實(shí)劃線部分對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的理解造成了很大障礙，因?yàn)閠est具有名詞詞性，考生容易誤將sessions和tests看作并列結(jié)構(gòu)。由此可見，劃線部分的處理非常靈活，并不遵循什么規(guī)律，我們?cè)趯?shí)際解題過程中千萬不能被迷惑住了。其實(shí)在本題中test是與prevail相并列的，真正的謂語應(yīng)該是后面的seem一詞。對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析至此，答案應(yīng)該非常明確了，原文使用正確合理，即A答案。而B,D,E三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是缺少謂語動(dòng)詞，導(dǎo)致句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整。我們由本題可以看到句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整一般會(huì)以帶有從句或特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的句子為考查對(duì)象。
二. While some propose to combat widespread illegal copying of computer programs by attempting to change people’s attitudes toward pirating, others by suggesting reducing software prices to decrease the incentive for pirating, and still others by calling for the prosecution of those who copy software illegally.
by suggesting reducing software prices to decrease the incentive for pirating, and still others by calling
by suggesting the reduction of software prices to decrease the incentive for pirating, and still others call
suggest the reduction of software prices for decreasing the incentive for pirating, and still others call
suggest the reduction of software prices to decrease the incentive for pirating, and still others by calling
suggest reducing software prices to decrease the incentive for pirating, and still others are calling.
本題給出的句子比較長(zhǎng)，我們先從整體上去把握句子結(jié)構(gòu)。While 引導(dǎo)狀語從句，劃線部分是others和still others的并列形式 ，劃線部分出現(xiàn)的by是很大的干擾，誤導(dǎo)考生按照“通過”的意思去理解，如果選擇A或B，那么就造成句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整，缺少主句，這樣就在C,D,E之間進(jìn)行比較，D選項(xiàng)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)為while…,…and others, 用and 連接代詞和句子，顯然造成句子結(jié)構(gòu)混亂。句子結(jié)構(gòu)混亂常常導(dǎo)致邏輯不通，而C答案從句子結(jié)構(gòu)上看沒有什么問題，但是用動(dòng)詞表目的應(yīng)該使用動(dòng)詞不定式to do而非for doing，經(jīng)過排除之后答案只剩E。本題除了C是關(guān)于不定式使用問題，其他四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)的。由此可見，考查重點(diǎn)不會(huì)同時(shí)集中在一個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，這也會(huì)在選擇答案時(shí)給我們提示。