一、貿(mào)易術(shù)語
E組： 買方負(fù)責(zé)所有費用
EX: Ex Works 工廠交貨，賣方義務(wù)最少(minimum obligation)
賣方負(fù)責(zé)出口清關(guān)則為FCA
F組： 買家負(fù)責(zé)運(yùn)費，風(fēng)險以買方所在國交貨劃分
FOB: Free On Board
賣家：港口交貨，出口清關(guān)，提供商業(yè)發(fā)票、裝船提單，承擔(dān)港口裝船交貨前風(fēng)險。
買家：支付貨款，進(jìn)口清關(guān)，托運(yùn)并通知賣家，決定購買保險與否，接受單據(jù)收取貨物，承擔(dān)出口國港口裝船交貨后風(fēng)險
出口美國應(yīng)注意FOB Vessel才需要由賣方負(fù)責(zé)出口清關(guān)手續(xù)
FCA: Free Carrier 貨交承運(yùn)人，其實就是FOB的擴(kuò)展，適用于任何運(yùn)輸方式。
賣方可協(xié)助安排運(yùn)輸，但費用和風(fēng)險由買方負(fù)責(zé)
FAS: Free Along Ship，近似FOB，風(fēng)險交接點變成船邊碼頭或駁船靠邊，而不是船舷
C組： 賣家負(fù)責(zé)運(yùn)費，風(fēng)險以買方所在國交貨劃分
CFR: Cost and Freight
賣家：港口交貨，出口清關(guān)，托運(yùn)并及時充分地通知買家（sufficient notice），以便買家辦理保險，提供裝船提單、商業(yè)發(fā)票，承擔(dān)港口裝船交貨前風(fēng)險
買家：支付貨款，進(jìn)口清關(guān)，決定購買保險與否，接受單據(jù)收取貨物，承擔(dān)出口國港口裝船交貨后風(fēng)險
CPT: Carriage paid to 運(yùn)費付至，CFR的擴(kuò)展，賣家負(fù)責(zé)托運(yùn)
CIF: Cost, insurance and Freight
賣家：港口交貨，出口清關(guān)，托運(yùn)并辦理保險，提供裝船提單、商業(yè)發(fā)票、保險單，承擔(dān)港口裝船交貨前風(fēng)險
買家：支付貨款，進(jìn)口清關(guān)，接受單據(jù)收取貨物，承擔(dān)出口國港口裝船交貨后風(fēng)險
CIP: Carriage and Freight Paid to 運(yùn)費、保險付至，CIF擴(kuò)展，賣家負(fù)責(zé)托運(yùn)和投保
D組： 賣家所在國交貨，賣方負(fù)責(zé)運(yùn)費，風(fēng)險以賣方所在國交貨劃分
DAF: Delivered At Frontier，邊境交貨，買方負(fù)責(zé)托運(yùn)和投保，承擔(dān)貨物交接后風(fēng)險
DES: Delivered Ex Ship，目的港船上交貨，賣方負(fù)責(zé)到達(dá)目的港前一切費用和風(fēng)險，
賣方負(fù)責(zé)進(jìn)口清關(guān)，也叫EXS
DEQ: Delivered Ex Quay，DES變型，目的港碼頭交貨
賣方負(fù)責(zé)碼頭上交貨前一切費用和風(fēng)險，也叫EXQ
DDU: Delivered Duty Unpaid，未完稅交貨，DEQ的擴(kuò)展，適合任何運(yùn)輸方式
DDP: Delivered Duty Paid，完稅交貨，賣家負(fù)責(zé)進(jìn)出口清關(guān)，交貨前一切費用和風(fēng)險，
賣方義務(wù)最多maximum obligation
二、傭金和折扣的計算
Price including commission US$335 per metric ton CIF New York including 2% commission
US $ 300 per metric ton CIFC2% New York 每公噸335美元CIF2%紐約
US $ 300 per metric ton FOB Shanghai less 2% discount 每公噸FOB上海減折扣2%
US $ 300 per metric ton FOB Shanghai net 每公噸300美元FOB 上海凈價
貨物交付
一、關(guān)鍵概念
Time of delivery 交貨時間 F和C組術(shù)語條件下，兩者是一致的；
Time of shipment 裝運(yùn)時間 由于推定交貨和實際交貨的區(qū)別，兩者還是區(qū)別使用
Constructive Delivery 推定交貨
Actual Delivery 實際交貨
Port of Shipment 裝運(yùn)港，可一個或多個，具名或只注范圍，如China Port
Port of Destination 目的港，對賣方而言，比較確定、可行
Partial Shipment 分批裝運(yùn)分批裝運(yùn) shipment by instalments
Transshipment 轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)
二、裝運(yùn)條款
Shipment during Oct. /Nov. 2009 with partial shipments and transshipments allowed
Shipment at or before/ no later than the end of June
Shipment: one 40’ container from China port to New York, USA on or before Apr. 20th
Shipment within 60 days after receipt of L/C這種條款一般同時也需要規(guī)定L/C到達(dá)期限
The Buyers must open the relevant L/C to reach the Sellers before June 20th
During Mar./Apr. in two equal lots/shipments, transshipment is prohibited
Shipment during May from Shanghai to London. The sellers shall advise the Buyers 45 days before the month of shipment of the time the goods be ready for shipment. Partial shipment is prohibited, to be transshipped at Hong Kong
三、海運(yùn)提單 B/L Bill of Loading
On Board B/L=Shipped B/L, Received For Shipment B/L
已裝船提單，備運(yùn)提單（收訖待運(yùn)提單）
提單簽發(fā)日期 B/L date = 裝船日期 Shipment date
Clean B/L, Unclean B/L=Foul B/L 清潔提單，不清潔提單
Straight B/L, Bearer B/L, Order B/L
記名/收貨人抬頭提單，不記名/來人抬頭提單，指示提單
to bearer 貨交提單持有人或者留空
to order/to the order of 憑指示/憑某人指示 ->承運(yùn)人背書（空白、記名）
Direct B/L, Transshipment B/L, Through B/L
直達(dá)提單，轉(zhuǎn)船提單，聯(lián)運(yùn)提單
Liner B/L, Charter Party B/L 班輪提單，租船提單
Long form B/L, Short Form B/L 全式提單，略式提單
Original B/L, Copy B/L, Full Set B/L 正本提單，副本提單，全套提單
Stale B/L, On Deck B/L, House B/L 過期提單，甲板提單，運(yùn)輸代理行提單
四、集裝箱 Container
FCL 整箱貨，full container load
LCL 拼箱貨，less than container load
CY 堆場，container yard
CFS 集裝箱貨運(yùn)站，container freight station
D/R 場站單據(jù)，dock receipt，堆場收據(jù)，裝船后可換B/L
CLP 裝箱單，container load plan
CTB/L 聯(lián)運(yùn)提單，combined transport B/L
MTD 多式聯(lián)運(yùn)單據(jù)，multi-modal transport document
E/R 設(shè)備交接單，equipment receipt
Inland Transport Charge 內(nèi)陸運(yùn)輸費
LCL Service Charge 拼箱服務(wù)費
Terminal Handling Charges 堆場服務(wù)費
Fee for Use Container and Other Equipments 集裝箱及其他設(shè)備使用費
Box-rate 包箱費率
FAK FAK包箱費率，freight for all kinds，不分種類，不計量，統(tǒng)一單箱費用
FCS FCS包箱費率，freight for class，不同貨物分級收費，W/M
FCB FCB包箱費率，freight for class basis
五、保險 Insurance
1）保險原則
2）保險類別
3）保險內(nèi)容
4）保險計算
5）保險條款
E組： 買方負(fù)責(zé)所有費用
EX: Ex Works 工廠交貨，賣方義務(wù)最少(minimum obligation)
賣方負(fù)責(zé)出口清關(guān)則為FCA
F組： 買家負(fù)責(zé)運(yùn)費，風(fēng)險以買方所在國交貨劃分
FOB: Free On Board
賣家：港口交貨，出口清關(guān)，提供商業(yè)發(fā)票、裝船提單，承擔(dān)港口裝船交貨前風(fēng)險。
買家：支付貨款，進(jìn)口清關(guān)，托運(yùn)并通知賣家，決定購買保險與否，接受單據(jù)收取貨物，承擔(dān)出口國港口裝船交貨后風(fēng)險
出口美國應(yīng)注意FOB Vessel才需要由賣方負(fù)責(zé)出口清關(guān)手續(xù)
FCA: Free Carrier 貨交承運(yùn)人，其實就是FOB的擴(kuò)展，適用于任何運(yùn)輸方式。
賣方可協(xié)助安排運(yùn)輸，但費用和風(fēng)險由買方負(fù)責(zé)
FAS: Free Along Ship，近似FOB，風(fēng)險交接點變成船邊碼頭或駁船靠邊，而不是船舷
C組： 賣家負(fù)責(zé)運(yùn)費，風(fēng)險以買方所在國交貨劃分
CFR: Cost and Freight
賣家：港口交貨，出口清關(guān)，托運(yùn)并及時充分地通知買家（sufficient notice），以便買家辦理保險，提供裝船提單、商業(yè)發(fā)票，承擔(dān)港口裝船交貨前風(fēng)險
買家：支付貨款，進(jìn)口清關(guān)，決定購買保險與否，接受單據(jù)收取貨物，承擔(dān)出口國港口裝船交貨后風(fēng)險
CPT: Carriage paid to 運(yùn)費付至，CFR的擴(kuò)展，賣家負(fù)責(zé)托運(yùn)
CIF: Cost, insurance and Freight
賣家：港口交貨，出口清關(guān)，托運(yùn)并辦理保險，提供裝船提單、商業(yè)發(fā)票、保險單，承擔(dān)港口裝船交貨前風(fēng)險
買家：支付貨款，進(jìn)口清關(guān)，接受單據(jù)收取貨物，承擔(dān)出口國港口裝船交貨后風(fēng)險
CIP: Carriage and Freight Paid to 運(yùn)費、保險付至，CIF擴(kuò)展，賣家負(fù)責(zé)托運(yùn)和投保
D組： 賣家所在國交貨，賣方負(fù)責(zé)運(yùn)費，風(fēng)險以賣方所在國交貨劃分
DAF: Delivered At Frontier，邊境交貨，買方負(fù)責(zé)托運(yùn)和投保，承擔(dān)貨物交接后風(fēng)險
DES: Delivered Ex Ship，目的港船上交貨，賣方負(fù)責(zé)到達(dá)目的港前一切費用和風(fēng)險，
賣方負(fù)責(zé)進(jìn)口清關(guān)，也叫EXS
DEQ: Delivered Ex Quay，DES變型，目的港碼頭交貨
賣方負(fù)責(zé)碼頭上交貨前一切費用和風(fēng)險，也叫EXQ
DDU: Delivered Duty Unpaid，未完稅交貨，DEQ的擴(kuò)展，適合任何運(yùn)輸方式
DDP: Delivered Duty Paid，完稅交貨，賣家負(fù)責(zé)進(jìn)出口清關(guān)，交貨前一切費用和風(fēng)險，
賣方義務(wù)最多maximum obligation
二、傭金和折扣的計算
Price including commission US$335 per metric ton CIF New York including 2% commission
US $ 300 per metric ton CIFC2% New York 每公噸335美元CIF2%紐約
US $ 300 per metric ton FOB Shanghai less 2% discount 每公噸FOB上海減折扣2%
US $ 300 per metric ton FOB Shanghai net 每公噸300美元FOB 上海凈價
貨物交付
一、關(guān)鍵概念
Time of delivery 交貨時間 F和C組術(shù)語條件下，兩者是一致的；
Time of shipment 裝運(yùn)時間 由于推定交貨和實際交貨的區(qū)別，兩者還是區(qū)別使用
Constructive Delivery 推定交貨
Actual Delivery 實際交貨
Port of Shipment 裝運(yùn)港，可一個或多個，具名或只注范圍，如China Port
Port of Destination 目的港，對賣方而言，比較確定、可行
Partial Shipment 分批裝運(yùn)分批裝運(yùn) shipment by instalments
Transshipment 轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)
二、裝運(yùn)條款
Shipment during Oct. /Nov. 2009 with partial shipments and transshipments allowed
Shipment at or before/ no later than the end of June
Shipment: one 40’ container from China port to New York, USA on or before Apr. 20th
Shipment within 60 days after receipt of L/C這種條款一般同時也需要規(guī)定L/C到達(dá)期限
The Buyers must open the relevant L/C to reach the Sellers before June 20th
During Mar./Apr. in two equal lots/shipments, transshipment is prohibited
Shipment during May from Shanghai to London. The sellers shall advise the Buyers 45 days before the month of shipment of the time the goods be ready for shipment. Partial shipment is prohibited, to be transshipped at Hong Kong
三、海運(yùn)提單 B/L Bill of Loading
On Board B/L=Shipped B/L, Received For Shipment B/L
已裝船提單，備運(yùn)提單（收訖待運(yùn)提單）
提單簽發(fā)日期 B/L date = 裝船日期 Shipment date
Clean B/L, Unclean B/L=Foul B/L 清潔提單，不清潔提單
Straight B/L, Bearer B/L, Order B/L
記名/收貨人抬頭提單，不記名/來人抬頭提單，指示提單
to bearer 貨交提單持有人或者留空
to order/to the order of 憑指示/憑某人指示 ->承運(yùn)人背書（空白、記名）
Direct B/L, Transshipment B/L, Through B/L
直達(dá)提單，轉(zhuǎn)船提單，聯(lián)運(yùn)提單
Liner B/L, Charter Party B/L 班輪提單，租船提單
Long form B/L, Short Form B/L 全式提單，略式提單
Original B/L, Copy B/L, Full Set B/L 正本提單，副本提單，全套提單
Stale B/L, On Deck B/L, House B/L 過期提單，甲板提單，運(yùn)輸代理行提單
四、集裝箱 Container
FCL 整箱貨，full container load
LCL 拼箱貨，less than container load
CY 堆場，container yard
CFS 集裝箱貨運(yùn)站，container freight station
D/R 場站單據(jù)，dock receipt，堆場收據(jù)，裝船后可換B/L
CLP 裝箱單，container load plan
CTB/L 聯(lián)運(yùn)提單，combined transport B/L
MTD 多式聯(lián)運(yùn)單據(jù)，multi-modal transport document
E/R 設(shè)備交接單，equipment receipt
Inland Transport Charge 內(nèi)陸運(yùn)輸費
LCL Service Charge 拼箱服務(wù)費
Terminal Handling Charges 堆場服務(wù)費
Fee for Use Container and Other Equipments 集裝箱及其他設(shè)備使用費
Box-rate 包箱費率
FAK FAK包箱費率，freight for all kinds，不分種類，不計量，統(tǒng)一單箱費用
FCS FCS包箱費率，freight for class，不同貨物分級收費，W/M
FCB FCB包箱費率，freight for class basis
五、保險 Insurance
1）保險原則
2）保險類別
3）保險內(nèi)容
4）保險計算
5）保險條款