現(xiàn)在完成時及其它時態(tài)3

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The friendly relations and cooperation between our two countries have been enhanced in the past few years.
     Up to the present everything has been successful.
     5. 現(xiàn)在完成時表示現(xiàn)在之前業(yè)已完成的動作,雖然其效果或影響仍然存在但已不再繼續(xù),但是有一些現(xiàn)在完成時的句子,在后面加上for+一段時間,則現(xiàn)在完成時的動作就表示延續(xù)性。
     Thomas has studied Russian. (現(xiàn)在不再學俄語)
     Thomas has studied Russian for three years. (=Thomas began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now. (同第2點用法第一個例句)
     6. 現(xiàn)在完成時還可以用來表示過去的一個時間到現(xiàn)在這段時間內(nèi)重復發(fā)生的動作。
     We have had four texts this semester.
    現(xiàn)在完成時的“完成用法”和“未完成用法”
     1. 現(xiàn)在完成時的"完成用法"
     現(xiàn)在完成時的"完成用法"指的是動作發(fā)生在過去某一時刻并已結束,但該動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了影響,與現(xiàn)在情況具有因果關系。