四級快速閱讀解題步驟2

字號:

面的答題技巧更具普遍性。
    第三步:答題 Scan & Answer( 12 – 13.5分鐘 )
    一. 前七道 (9 – 10.5分鐘)
    循著上述思路審?fù)昵捌叩李}以后,我們就開始利用localizers 定位答題。但是,有幾條規(guī)律得告訴大家:
    1. 第一題經(jīng)常是主旨題。答題方法有三:1)把短文的小標(biāo)題相加 2)留到最后再做 3)直接選Yes (只因No或者NG的主旨題不太好出而已)
    2.真題的出題順序與原文的相關(guān)位置是一致的。也就是說,第四題答案的位置絕不會(huì)在第三題前面(但模擬題遠(yuǎn)非如此,所以模擬題較難)。因此我們答題時(shí),不要一道題一道題地答,而要兩道兩道地做,前后呼應(yīng),能更好地定位。審題時(shí),我一再強(qiáng)調(diào)要把問題整理一下,就是為了把聯(lián)系緊密的題捆綁在一起,然后到原文一舉拿下。
    3. Yes 的題是原句的同義詞、反義詞互換,這是老生常談。下面我談一下No和NG。
    No 的題一般分三種:正面沖突(contradict)、偷梁換柱 (pilfer)、曲解原文(twist)。
    與原文正面沖突的情況占90%。舉例:
    原文:United States ranks somewhere in the middle of the major countries in landfill disposal.
    問題:Compared with other major Industrialized countries, America buries a much higher percentage of its solid waste in landfills. (樣題)
    原文:There’s an energy crisis in America, and it has nothing to do with fossil fuels.
    問題:The energy crisis in America …… refers to a shortage of fossil fuels. (2006年真題)
    原文:…and by 1921 there were 387,000 miles of paved roads. Many were built using…adequate drainage. Beyond that, there were no national standards for size, weight restrictions, or …
    問題:National standards for paved roads were in place by 1921. (2006年真題)
    偷梁換柱的情況占5%。舉例:
    原文:…a typical cancer patient has predictable attitude. She …feels depressed, upset, and angry.
    問題:… have observed that a typical patient feels depressed, impatient and angry. (模擬題)
    原文:Japan has effectively run out of low-wage workers …and, in some cases, beyond Western technological standards.
    問題:The technological standards in many areas of Japan’s economy are superior to those in the West. (模擬題)
    曲解原文的情況占5%。舉例:
    原文:They must be able to listen to delegates and to translate at the same time! This is a difficult but very important job. One small mistake could cause many problems.
    問題:Translation for the UN General Assembly is a very important job because they must be able to listen and translate at the same time.
    另外,包含絕對詞(must, all, never…)的命題一般是No,包含相對詞(may, can, possibly…)的命題一般是Yes。
    四級閱讀NG 的題遠(yuǎn)不如雅思那么讓人欲吐而不得。中國人的思維方式畢竟比較一致。只提醒一條:我們有前后兩道題做參照,所以,要相信自己的定位是準(zhǔn)確的。如果在某一段里找不到相關(guān)信息,上一段或者下一段也不可能再出現(xiàn)了。這時(shí),要果斷地選NG。
    二.后三道 (3分鐘)
    1.審題(參考第二步);
    2.定位(當(dāng)然到文章后面的段落找答案。注:文章后面,并不意味著肯定在前七道題的后面,比如,第8題的答案有可能在第7題的前面);
    另外,密切注意空白前面緊挨著的詞語。
    3.答題。答題時(shí)請注意,你填的基本都是原文,但它出的題目可未必,很可能包含同義詞替換,例如2006年6月的第10題:
    The interstate system was renamed after Eisenhower in recognition of ______________________.
    定位詞Localizer:rename 和Eisenhower,答案:his vision and leadership.
    原文:The highway system was officially renamed for Eisenhower to honor his vision and leadership. ( honor = in recognition of )
    提醒:后三道題需要更強(qiáng)的概括能力,而且還得書寫英文,小心名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)、動(dòng)詞的語法變化,相對難一些,所以,要給足三分鐘的時(shí)間。
    最后送大家一句話:Do, or do not. There is no try.