有一個(gè)表,表中有很多數(shù)據(jù),其中有個(gè)字段type,希望從表中隨機(jī)取出10條記錄,其中有5條type=1另外5條type=0,比如下圖這樣:
每個(gè)取top 5,既然是隨機(jī)的取,那么就order by newid()就是了三,然后把所有數(shù)據(jù)union起來就得了。所以我立即給出了答案:
select top 5 * from xxx where type=1 order by newid()
union
select top 5 * from xxx where type=0 order by newid()
但是那個(gè)兄弟說不對,語法有錯(cuò),我乍一看,好像沒有問題把,于是讓他把表定義發(fā)給我,我在本機(jī)試一下,表定義是:
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Question](
[id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[question] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
[answer] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
[type] [bit] NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_Question] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[id] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]
將語句輸進(jìn)SSMS,結(jié)果系統(tǒng)還真是報(bào)錯(cuò)了:Incorrect syntax near the keyword 'ORDER'.
怎么回事啊?于是單獨(dú)執(zhí)行
select top 5 * from dbo.Question
where [type]=1
ORDER BY newid()
下面的半句也是一樣的語法結(jié)構(gòu),也沒有錯(cuò)誤。但是把這兩個(gè)查詢union起來就錯(cuò)了。奇怪啊。既然提示是order附近有錯(cuò),那么我將order給去掉:
(select top 5 * from dbo.Question
where [type]=1
)
UNION
(select top 5 * from dbo.Question
where [type]=0
)
也沒有錯(cuò)啊。也就是說在union子句中的查詢不能用order by。但是這兒我必須要用order by啊,要不然我怎么取出隨機(jī)的5條記錄?不用union可以不?可以啊,創(chuàng)建一個(gè)臨時(shí)表,將查詢出來的5條數(shù)據(jù)插進(jìn)去,另外5條也是。然后再查詢臨時(shí)表,但是能不使用臨時(shí)表就盡量不要使用臨時(shí)表,何必弄的那么復(fù)雜。
又要用order by 又要用union,怎么辦?order by不能直接出現(xiàn)在union的子句中,但是可以出現(xiàn)在子句的子句中啊!于是查詢最終改寫成了:
SELECT * FROM
(select (5) * from dbo.Question where [type]=1 ORDER BY newid() ) t1
UNION
SELECT * FROM
(select (5) * from dbo.Question where [type]=0 ORDER BY newid()) t2
每個(gè)取top 5,既然是隨機(jī)的取,那么就order by newid()就是了三,然后把所有數(shù)據(jù)union起來就得了。所以我立即給出了答案:
select top 5 * from xxx where type=1 order by newid()
union
select top 5 * from xxx where type=0 order by newid()
但是那個(gè)兄弟說不對,語法有錯(cuò),我乍一看,好像沒有問題把,于是讓他把表定義發(fā)給我,我在本機(jī)試一下,表定義是:
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Question](
[id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[question] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
[answer] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
[type] [bit] NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_Question] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[id] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]
將語句輸進(jìn)SSMS,結(jié)果系統(tǒng)還真是報(bào)錯(cuò)了:Incorrect syntax near the keyword 'ORDER'.
怎么回事啊?于是單獨(dú)執(zhí)行
select top 5 * from dbo.Question
where [type]=1
ORDER BY newid()
下面的半句也是一樣的語法結(jié)構(gòu),也沒有錯(cuò)誤。但是把這兩個(gè)查詢union起來就錯(cuò)了。奇怪啊。既然提示是order附近有錯(cuò),那么我將order給去掉:
(select top 5 * from dbo.Question
where [type]=1
)
UNION
(select top 5 * from dbo.Question
where [type]=0
)
也沒有錯(cuò)啊。也就是說在union子句中的查詢不能用order by。但是這兒我必須要用order by啊,要不然我怎么取出隨機(jī)的5條記錄?不用union可以不?可以啊,創(chuàng)建一個(gè)臨時(shí)表,將查詢出來的5條數(shù)據(jù)插進(jìn)去,另外5條也是。然后再查詢臨時(shí)表,但是能不使用臨時(shí)表就盡量不要使用臨時(shí)表,何必弄的那么復(fù)雜。
又要用order by 又要用union,怎么辦?order by不能直接出現(xiàn)在union的子句中,但是可以出現(xiàn)在子句的子句中啊!于是查詢最終改寫成了:
SELECT * FROM
(select (5) * from dbo.Question where [type]=1 ORDER BY newid() ) t1
UNION
SELECT * FROM
(select (5) * from dbo.Question where [type]=0 ORDER BY newid()) t2