brush n. ①刷子，毛刷 ②畫(huà)筆 vt. 刷，擦
[特征]
- He is cleaning his shoes with a brush.
他正在用刷子刷鞋。
- She brushed the tears from her face.
她擦去了臉上的淚。
[貼心叮嚀]
brush作“畫(huà)筆”講時(shí)，指的是像刷子一樣的“畫(huà)筆”，用來(lái)畫(huà)水彩或油畫(huà)。
[備考必背]
①重要詞組
brush off 拂去；刷去
- The dirt could be brushed off easily.
這個(gè)污點(diǎn)很容易刷掉。
brush up 復(fù)習(xí)；重溫
- I brushed up my French last night.
昨晚我復(fù)習(xí)了法文。
②構(gòu)詞：toothbrush n. 牙刷
burn (burned, burned或burnt, burnt) v. ①燒，燒焦 ②點(diǎn)（燈） n. 燒傷，灼傷
[特征]
- He burnt all the garden rubbish.
他把花園中的垃圾全燒掉了。
- He burnt the candles on the cake.
他點(diǎn)燃蛋糕上的蠟燭。
- He burned his tongue with red pepper.
他的舌頭被紅辣椒辣得很難受。
- She died of the burns that she received in the fire.
她死于火災(zāi)中所受的灼傷。
[貼心叮嚀]
burn是中學(xué)階段非常重要的一個(gè)單詞，要仔細(xì)琢磨它的用法，另外它的詞組也非常重要。
[備考必背]
①雖然burn的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞既可用burned也可用burnt，但兩者是有區(qū)別的。作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要用過(guò)去分詞burnt，而不用burned。如：
（誤）a burned house
（正）a burnt house
一座被燒毀的房子
②重要詞組
burn down 把……燒成平地，燒光
- The house was burnt down.
房子被燒成灰燼。
burn out 熄滅；燒壞
- The fire burnt out.
爐火熄滅了。
burn... to the ground 把……燒光（燒成平地）
- The house was burnt to the ground.
房子被燒成平地。
burst (burst, burst) v. 爆裂，爆發(fā) n. 突然破裂，爆發(fā)
[特征]
- The pipe burst and water spouted out.
管子破裂，水噴了出來(lái)。
- The hall was bursting with people.
大廳里擠滿了人。
- When I told him about the bad news, his heart burst.
當(dāng)我告訴他這個(gè)壞消息時(shí)，他的心都碎了。
- I heard a burst of laughter in the room.
我聽(tīng)到房間里發(fā)出一陣笑聲。
[貼心叮嚀]
burst是個(gè)非常重要的單詞，因?yàn)樗脑~組較多且容易混淆，所以常委各類(lèi)考試所偏愛(ài)。
[備考必背] 重要詞組
burst into tears/laughter 突然大哭/大笑
- I don't know why she burst into tears.
我不知道她為什么突然大哭起來(lái)。
burst out cryjing/laughing 突然大哭/大笑
- They burst out laughing when they heard the news.
他們聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息后突然大笑起來(lái)。
burst into 突然闖入
- Her husband burst into the room.
她的丈夫突然闖入了房間。
burst forth 突然發(fā)生/爆發(fā)
- His anger burst forth like a fire.
他的怒火突然像火一樣迸發(fā)出來(lái)。
bury vt. 埋葬，掩埋
[特征]
- Many workers were buried underground when there was an accident at the mine.
礦上發(fā)生意外事故時(shí)，許多礦工都被埋在了地下。
[貼心叮嚀]
bury這個(gè)單詞很容易理解，大家要記住這里的重要詞組。
[備考必背]
①重要詞組：bury oneself in (doing)... 埋頭于……
- He buried himself in his work.
他埋頭于自己的工作。
②派生詞：burial n. 埋葬；葬禮
a burial service 葬禮
- His burial took place last Sunday.
他的葬禮上禮拜天舉行了。