數(shù)詞和量詞
*基數(shù)詞
基數(shù)詞指表示數(shù)目的詞。
Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ
1 one 11 eleven 20 twenty 100
2 two 12 twelve 30 thirty a hundred
3 three 13 thirteen 40 forty 1,000
4 four 14 fourteen 50 fifty a thousand
5 five 15 fifteen 60 sixty 1,000,000
6 six 16 sixteen 70 seventy a million
7 seven 17 seventeen 80 eighty 1,000,000,000
8 eight 18 eighteen 90 ninety a billion（十億）
9 nine 19 nineteen 1,000,000,000,000
10 ten a trillion(一萬億）
其它基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成法：
39 thirty-nine 52 fifty-two
83 eighty-three 91 ninety-one
375 three hundred and seventy-five 582 five hundred and eighty-two
819 eight hundred and nineteen
902 nine hundred and two
4,007 four thousand and seven
8,021 eight thousand and twenty-one
13,849 thirteen thousand,eight hundred and forty-nine
631,562 six hundred and thrity-one ,five hundred and sixty-two
54,256,000 fifty-four million,two hundred and fifty-six thousand
970,000,000 nine and seventy million
14,800,000,000 fourteen billion eight hundred million
2,000,000,000,000 two trillion
注：在這類詞中，hundred,thousand,million,billion，trillion等詞都用單數(shù)形式。
基數(shù)詞在句中的主要作用：
1、定語、主語、賓語或者介詞賓語、表語、同位語。
2、基數(shù)詞可用復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示很大的量。
例:The boat cost hundreds of pounds.
Thousands of people attended the meeting.
Tens of thousands of buffaloes uesd to roam the prairie.
3、某些基數(shù)詞可以用在“in the (one’s)...”結(jié)構(gòu)中，表示年歲、年代。
例：She is in her early twenties.她現(xiàn)在二十一二歲。
She is in her late twenties.她現(xiàn)在二十八九歲。
This took place in the 1950’s.這事發(fā)生在二十世紀(jì)五十年代。
He was working abroad in the 70’s.七十年代他在外國工作。
一些數(shù)學(xué)公式的讀法：
7+4=11 Seven plus four is eleven.
12-5=7 Twelve minus five is seven.
6×8=48 Six times eight is forty-eight. 或Six multiplied by eight is forty-eight.
24÷6=4 Twenty-four divided by six is four.
a＞b a is more than b.
a＜b a is less than b.
a≈b a approximately equals b.
a≠b a is not equal to b.
*序數(shù)詞
1 first 11 eleventh 20 twentieth
2 second 12 twelfth 30 thirtieth
3 third 13 thirteenth 40 fortieth
4 fourth 14 fourteenth 50 fiftieth
5 fifth 15 fifteenth 60 sixtieth
6 sixth 16 sixteenth 70 seventieth
7 seventh 17 seventeenth 80 eightieth
8 eighth 18 eighteenth 90 nintieth
9 ninth 19 nineteenth
10 tenth
讀法：
第二十二 twenty-second 第三十一 thirty-first
第七十八 seventy-eighth 第九十三 ninety-third
第一百五十 one hundred and fiftieth
第九百九十九 nine hundred and ninety-ninth
寫法：
first 1st , second 2nd ,third 3rd ,fourth 4th, twentieth 20th, twenty-first 21st.
序數(shù)詞的作用：
1、可用作：定語、表語、主語、賓語或者介語賓語。
2、序數(shù)詞可與a連用，表示“再一個”，“又一次”等。
例：She could not go through that a second time.
He’s getting married a third time.
3、表示日期。
May 1st March 8th April 22nd
4、用在短語中
I thought that perpormance third-rate.我認(rèn)為那場演出是三流水平。
I bought a second-hand car.我買了輛二手車。
序數(shù)詞表順序的辦法：
the first part = part one 第一部分
the fifth chapter = chapter five 第五章
the twenty-third section = section twenty-three 第二十三節(jié)
讀編號：
第705號房間 Room705
第254頁 Page254
第二汽車廠 The No.2 Auto Plant
九號車廂 Carriage No.9
三號及四號臥鋪 Berths 3and 4
第103路公共汽車 Bus No.103
海灣道7859號 7859 Bay Road
年份的讀法：
2000 the year two thousand
2004 two thousand and four
1949 nineteen forty-nine
1803 eighteen oh three
1600 sixteen hundred
450B.C. four fifty B.C.(公元前）
128A.D. one twenty-eightA.D.（公元后）
時間讀法：
08:00 eight o'clock 或 eight
09:15 nine fifteen 或 quarter past nine 或 a quarter after nine
02:30 two thirty 或 half past two 或 half after two
05:45 five forty-five 或 a quarter to six 或 a quarter of six
07:00 oh seven hundred hours = 7.00a.m.
12:00 twelve hundred hours = midday = noon
14:15 fourteen fifteen = 2.15p.m.
23:05 twenty-three oh five = 11.5p.m.
24:00 twenty-four hundred hours = midnight
分?jǐn)?shù)詞：
1/4 one-forth 5/9 five-ninths
2/3 two-thirds 3 2/5 three and two-fifths
7/12 seven-twelfths 47 3/8 forty-seven and three-eighths
1/2 one half 1/4 a quarter
3/4 three-quarters 2 1/4 two and a quarter
1 1/2 one and a half 7 3/4 seven and three quarters
2 5/9 twenty-five over nine 19/23 nineteen over twenty-three
小數(shù)的讀法：
6.4 six point four
0.8 zero point eight 或 naught point eight
0.05 naught piont naught five 或 zero piont zero five
0.726 naught point seven two six 或 zero poiont seven two six
12.409 twelve point four oh nine
709.06 seven hundred and nine point oh six
量詞：
量詞不是一種詞類，而是許多與數(shù)量有關(guān)的詞和短語，它們有：
1、許多與數(shù)量有關(guān)的代詞和限定詞，some,any,much,many等。
2、各種數(shù)詞：two,half,a third,80%等。
3、名詞和of構(gòu)成的表數(shù)量的短語，a lot of,plenty of等。
4、一些與數(shù)量有關(guān)的形容詞，enough,whole,half等。
5、與數(shù)量有關(guān)的名詞，feet,miles,years,dozen等。
6、某些與數(shù)量有關(guān)的合成詞，a five-dollar bill,a 6-page summary等。
7、一些與數(shù)量有關(guān)詞組的所有格，two months' stay,four week's notice等。
與容器有關(guān)的量詞表達(dá)：
a bottle of beer a box of chocolate
a can of soup a bowl of rice
a cup of tea a basket of fruit
a bucket of water a sack of corn
a bag of toffees a crate of bananas
a glass of fruit juice a mug of milk
a packet of cigarettes a pot of jam
a spoon of sugar a tube of toothpaste
a barrel of oil a carton of yoghurt
a jar of marmalade a pack of gum
a plate of beef a package of detergent
*基數(shù)詞
基數(shù)詞指表示數(shù)目的詞。
Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ
1 one 11 eleven 20 twenty 100
2 two 12 twelve 30 thirty a hundred
3 three 13 thirteen 40 forty 1,000
4 four 14 fourteen 50 fifty a thousand
5 five 15 fifteen 60 sixty 1,000,000
6 six 16 sixteen 70 seventy a million
7 seven 17 seventeen 80 eighty 1,000,000,000
8 eight 18 eighteen 90 ninety a billion（十億）
9 nine 19 nineteen 1,000,000,000,000
10 ten a trillion(一萬億）
其它基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成法：
39 thirty-nine 52 fifty-two
83 eighty-three 91 ninety-one
375 three hundred and seventy-five 582 five hundred and eighty-two
819 eight hundred and nineteen
902 nine hundred and two
4,007 four thousand and seven
8,021 eight thousand and twenty-one
13,849 thirteen thousand,eight hundred and forty-nine
631,562 six hundred and thrity-one ,five hundred and sixty-two
54,256,000 fifty-four million,two hundred and fifty-six thousand
970,000,000 nine and seventy million
14,800,000,000 fourteen billion eight hundred million
2,000,000,000,000 two trillion
注：在這類詞中，hundred,thousand,million,billion，trillion等詞都用單數(shù)形式。
基數(shù)詞在句中的主要作用：
1、定語、主語、賓語或者介詞賓語、表語、同位語。
2、基數(shù)詞可用復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示很大的量。
例:The boat cost hundreds of pounds.
Thousands of people attended the meeting.
Tens of thousands of buffaloes uesd to roam the prairie.
3、某些基數(shù)詞可以用在“in the (one’s)...”結(jié)構(gòu)中，表示年歲、年代。
例：She is in her early twenties.她現(xiàn)在二十一二歲。
She is in her late twenties.她現(xiàn)在二十八九歲。
This took place in the 1950’s.這事發(fā)生在二十世紀(jì)五十年代。
He was working abroad in the 70’s.七十年代他在外國工作。
一些數(shù)學(xué)公式的讀法：
7+4=11 Seven plus four is eleven.
12-5=7 Twelve minus five is seven.
6×8=48 Six times eight is forty-eight. 或Six multiplied by eight is forty-eight.
24÷6=4 Twenty-four divided by six is four.
a＞b a is more than b.
a＜b a is less than b.
a≈b a approximately equals b.
a≠b a is not equal to b.
*序數(shù)詞
1 first 11 eleventh 20 twentieth
2 second 12 twelfth 30 thirtieth
3 third 13 thirteenth 40 fortieth
4 fourth 14 fourteenth 50 fiftieth
5 fifth 15 fifteenth 60 sixtieth
6 sixth 16 sixteenth 70 seventieth
7 seventh 17 seventeenth 80 eightieth
8 eighth 18 eighteenth 90 nintieth
9 ninth 19 nineteenth
10 tenth
讀法：
第二十二 twenty-second 第三十一 thirty-first
第七十八 seventy-eighth 第九十三 ninety-third
第一百五十 one hundred and fiftieth
第九百九十九 nine hundred and ninety-ninth
寫法：
first 1st , second 2nd ,third 3rd ,fourth 4th, twentieth 20th, twenty-first 21st.
序數(shù)詞的作用：
1、可用作：定語、表語、主語、賓語或者介語賓語。
2、序數(shù)詞可與a連用，表示“再一個”，“又一次”等。
例：She could not go through that a second time.
He’s getting married a third time.
3、表示日期。
May 1st March 8th April 22nd
4、用在短語中
I thought that perpormance third-rate.我認(rèn)為那場演出是三流水平。
I bought a second-hand car.我買了輛二手車。
序數(shù)詞表順序的辦法：
the first part = part one 第一部分
the fifth chapter = chapter five 第五章
the twenty-third section = section twenty-three 第二十三節(jié)
讀編號：
第705號房間 Room705
第254頁 Page254
第二汽車廠 The No.2 Auto Plant
九號車廂 Carriage No.9
三號及四號臥鋪 Berths 3and 4
第103路公共汽車 Bus No.103
海灣道7859號 7859 Bay Road
年份的讀法：
2000 the year two thousand
2004 two thousand and four
1949 nineteen forty-nine
1803 eighteen oh three
1600 sixteen hundred
450B.C. four fifty B.C.(公元前）
128A.D. one twenty-eightA.D.（公元后）
時間讀法：
08:00 eight o'clock 或 eight
09:15 nine fifteen 或 quarter past nine 或 a quarter after nine
02:30 two thirty 或 half past two 或 half after two
05:45 five forty-five 或 a quarter to six 或 a quarter of six
07:00 oh seven hundred hours = 7.00a.m.
12:00 twelve hundred hours = midday = noon
14:15 fourteen fifteen = 2.15p.m.
23:05 twenty-three oh five = 11.5p.m.
24:00 twenty-four hundred hours = midnight
分?jǐn)?shù)詞：
1/4 one-forth 5/9 five-ninths
2/3 two-thirds 3 2/5 three and two-fifths
7/12 seven-twelfths 47 3/8 forty-seven and three-eighths
1/2 one half 1/4 a quarter
3/4 three-quarters 2 1/4 two and a quarter
1 1/2 one and a half 7 3/4 seven and three quarters
2 5/9 twenty-five over nine 19/23 nineteen over twenty-three
小數(shù)的讀法：
6.4 six point four
0.8 zero point eight 或 naught point eight
0.05 naught piont naught five 或 zero piont zero five
0.726 naught point seven two six 或 zero poiont seven two six
12.409 twelve point four oh nine
709.06 seven hundred and nine point oh six
量詞：
量詞不是一種詞類，而是許多與數(shù)量有關(guān)的詞和短語，它們有：
1、許多與數(shù)量有關(guān)的代詞和限定詞，some,any,much,many等。
2、各種數(shù)詞：two,half,a third,80%等。
3、名詞和of構(gòu)成的表數(shù)量的短語，a lot of,plenty of等。
4、一些與數(shù)量有關(guān)的形容詞，enough,whole,half等。
5、與數(shù)量有關(guān)的名詞，feet,miles,years,dozen等。
6、某些與數(shù)量有關(guān)的合成詞，a five-dollar bill,a 6-page summary等。
7、一些與數(shù)量有關(guān)詞組的所有格，two months' stay,four week's notice等。
與容器有關(guān)的量詞表達(dá)：
a bottle of beer a box of chocolate
a can of soup a bowl of rice
a cup of tea a basket of fruit
a bucket of water a sack of corn
a bag of toffees a crate of bananas
a glass of fruit juice a mug of milk
a packet of cigarettes a pot of jam
a spoon of sugar a tube of toothpaste
a barrel of oil a carton of yoghurt
a jar of marmalade a pack of gum
a plate of beef a package of detergent