4. Postwar Britian
戰(zhàn)后的英國
(1) One of the most far-reaching consequences of the War was that it hastened the end of Britain's empire.
二戰(zhàn)最為深遠(yuǎn)的結(jié)果之一是加速了大英帝國的瓦解。
(2) In 1952 Princess Elizabeth was crowned Queen Elizabeth II. Many people through television saw the ceremony.
1952年伊莉莎白公主加冕成為伊莉莎白女王二世。新發(fā)明的電視使許多人看到了加冕儀式的過程。
(4) In January 1973, Britain became a full member of the European Economic Community which was still called the Common Market in 1973. Britain witnessed the first oil shock in 1973.
1973年1月，英國終于成為歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體的正式成員國。1973年仍稱為共同市場。1973年英國經(jīng)歷了第一次石油禁運(yùn)。
(5) Mrs Thatcher
撒切爾主義
Thatcherism referred to the policies put forward by Margaret Thatcher, the first woman prime minister in England in 1979. The main contents of her policies included the return to private ownership of state-owned industries, the use of monetarist policies to control inflation, the weakening of trade unions the strengthening of the role of market forces in the economy, and an emphasis on law and order. To some extent her program was successful and she led one of the most remarkable periods in the British economy.
1979年撒切爾夫人成為英國第一任女首相。她提出的政策被為"撒切爾主義"。其內(nèi)容包括國有工業(yè)私有化，采用貨幣主義政策以控制通貨膨脹，削弱工會的影響，加強(qiáng)市場因素在經(jīng)濟(jì)中的作用，強(qiáng)調(diào)法律和秩序。在一定程度上講，她的計(jì)劃是成功的。她領(lǐng)導(dǎo)英國經(jīng)濟(jì)度過了一段最繁華的時期之一。
成為獨(dú)立殖民地，1857年實(shí)現(xiàn)自治，1907年成為英皇屬下的自治領(lǐng)，1931年完全獨(dú)立。